Transcript Agenda
Overview and Considerations for a Nuclear Plant Power Uprate Jim Hill NMC Prairie Island Nuclear Plant Agenda • Overview of an Uprate – Reactor Power – Turbine/Steam Cycle Optimization (efficiency) • Drivers of Uprate • Prairie Island Case Considerations • Importance of Uprate to Energy Supply Typical Nuclear Steam Cycle MSR Reactor & Live steam Steam Generators Reheat Pressure Generator Turbine Condenser Cooling water Pump Feedwater Final Feed Temp Feedheating plant Condenser Pressure Nuclear Uprate: MWe Sources Retrofitted Equipment Extra Power Original Equipment Aging Reactor uprate Steam Cycle/Condenser LP Turbine efficiency HP Turbine efficiency Recover aging Reactor Power Up-Rates Appendix K Upgrade (MUR) <2% in Reactor Thermal Power Stretch Power Uprate +7% Extended Power Uprate up to 20% Reference: www.nrc.gov +1% in Reactor Thermal Power +0.95% in Generator Output Steam Turbine Retrofits Retrofitting is the replacement of all or part of the steam turbine hardware to improve thermal performance, reliability, availability, maintainability and environmental impact Retrofit Drivers Efficiency Retrofit Solution Original Design Capacity Reliability Retrofit Solution Integration …is the integration of new components into existing equipment, within the defined turbine island boundary conditions • New components within the turbine island • Part of a bigger project including environmental control upgrades • Modification of the thermal cycle • Additional output to compensate for higher plant consumption • Capabilities in the area of the steam turbine island, boiler and environmental control systems are required Uprate/Retrofit Drivers • Improved turbine efficiency and plant heat rate • Reduced fuel consumption and emissions • Increased MW capacity – Meet obligation to provide power – Added revenue • Improved reliability and availability • Reduced maintenance • Extended turbine life Significant additional power from an plant that has already been sited and constructed PINGP Prairie Island Case Considerations Description MWt/SG psia/ Fuel Certainty MWe Cost 1 1811/760/HB H 2 1811/810/HB 3 Certainty of Schedule Certainty of no Summer Derate Potential Certainty Regulatory Approval Certainty Certainty NSSS Margin Certainty BOP Margin H H H H H H H H H M H H H 1811/810/HB w/Steam Cycle Optimization M M H M H M H 4 1860/810/ HB-IFM M ML M M M L M 5 2100/850/ 16X16 L L L L L L L Case Tradeoffs NSSS – Reactor and Steam Supply • Less fuel efficiency with higher steam pressure • Incrementally closer to limits (less operating margin) BOP – Turbine Generator and Electrical System • More efficiency requires more complexity (integration of design and implementation) and cost • Incrementally closer to limits (less operating margin) Margin can be regained through additional changes Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Mature Market Economies Transitional Economies Emerging Economies Projected growth in GDP over the next two decades: 2.5% Mature Market Economies 4.4% Transitional Economies 5.1% Emerging Economies World Marketed Energy Consumption by Region Figure 1. World Marketed Energy Consumption by Region, 1970-2025 History Projections 700 600 Quadrillion Btu 500 400 300 200 100 0 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 Mature Market Economies 1995 2002 Transitional Economies 2010 2015 Emerging Economies Increase of 57% Over Only 23 Years 2020 2025 World Net Electricity Consumption by Region Figure 2. World Net Electricity Consumption by Region, 2002-2025 History Projections 30000 Billion Killowatthours 25000 20000 15000 10000 5000 0 2002 2010 Mature Market Economies 2015 Transitional Economies 2020 Emerging Economies Emerging economies: annular growth of 4% versus 2.6% world wide World Electricity Consumption will Nearly Double 2025 Environment: A Top Priority 100 % of respondents 80 60 “Environmental questions are amongst my top 3 operational issues” 40 20 0 US Europe Asia Source: Customer interviews Increasing Environmental Awareness Worldwide World Installed Capacity by Age and Technology 28 % of Installed Capacity is Older than 30 Years 4% GW 160 Technology Share of Old Fleet > 30 Years Tot. Installed: 4100 GW 140 60% 30% Old Fleet: 1138 GW 5% 1% 120 Others 100 Hydro 80 Nuclear Conventional Steam 60 Gas Plant (GT & CC) 40 Source: ALSTOM, UDI Age of Power Plant 20 0 2004 1 1994 6 11 16 1984 21 26 1974 31 36 1964 41 Past Technology is Still in Operation 46 Year of Commission World Installed Capacity by Age and Region 28 % of Installed Capacity is Older than 30 Years GW 160 43% Technology Share of Old Fleet > 30 Years Tot. Installed: 4100 GW 140 36% 120 3% 3% 13% Old Fleet: 1138 GW 2% China Asia excl. China South & Central America Middle East & Africa North America Europe 100 80 60 40 20 Source: ALSTOM, UDI 0 1 2004 6 11 1994 16 21 1984 26 31 1974 36 41 1964 46 Age of Power Plant Year of Commission Global Steam Turbine Retrofit Market Forecast History Projections 1000 900 800 Market Volume (MEuro) 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 01-02 02-03 03-04 Mature Market Economies 04-05 05-06 Transitional Economies 06-07f 07-08f 08/09f Emerging Economies China, India, S-E Asia and Russia Progressively Become More Important Retrofit Market USA 25.000,00 Installed capacity (MW) 20.000,00 315 Gigawatts or 95% of coal fired units are older than 20 years older than 20 years 15.000,00 10.000,00 5.000,00 0,00 1947 1957 1967 1977 Commissioning date Includes steam turbines >100MW at coal fired stations 1987 1997 Retrofit Market USA Mature market economy Important retrofit market Very competitive business environment for the utilities Major spending for environmental control systems Coal fired and nuclear units operate at high utilization factors Questions? More information at: Nuclear Energy Institute www.nei.org Nuclear Regulatory Commission www.nrc.gov Thank You!