Transcript Food Recommendations According to Pattern Differentiation

Food
Recommendations
According to Pattern
Differentiation
TDT class 5
WATER PHASE
KIDNEY-YANG
DEFICIENCY
• Treatment
• Principle of treatment: tonify and warm
the Kidneys, strengthen the Fire of the
Gate of Vitality.
• Use salty tastes; neutral, warm and hot
foods and warming methods of cooking.
Etiology
• Chronic illness, excessive sexual activity,
retention of Dampness (from Spleen
deficiency) over a long time, old age.
Recommended foods
• Meat: Especially venison, also lamb,
duck, pork
• Fish: Oysters, Smoked fish (especially
salmon), tuna, mussels, shrimp
• Fruit: Cherries, grapes
• Vegetables: Fennel, cabbage (with
warming spices), leeks, radish, root
vegetables, onions
Recommended foods
• Beverages: Grain coffee, chai, spiced
tea
• Grains: Oats, millet, buckwheat, rice
(lightly roasted)
• Spices: Ginger, black pepper, garlic,
cinnamon
• Nuts/seeds: Chestnut, lotus seeds,
roasted black sesame seeds, sunflower
seeds, roasted walnuts
• Avoid:
• Thermally cold or cool foods, frozen
foods, raw foods, citrus or tropical fruits,
salads, sour milk products, excessive
consumption of liquids, cold beverages.
• Refined sugar and alcoholic beverages
are weakening to the kidneys
Pitchford's recommendations
for Kidney Yang deficiency
• Cloves, fenugreek seeds, fennel seeds,
anise seeds, black peppercorn, dried
ginger, cinnamon bark, walnuts, black
beans, onion family, quinoa, chicken,
lamb, trout, salmon.
KIDNEY-YIN
DEFICIENCY
• Treatment
• Principle of treatment:
Use cooling foods
and cooling cooking methods.
• Sweet, salty and cool or neutral foods to
help generate fluids.
Recommended foods
• Meat: Pork, duck, dove
• Fish: Oysters, octopus, perch, carp
• Fruit: Refreshing fruits, pears, grapes
• Vegetables: Refreshing vegetables,
cabbage, asparagus, carrots
• Beverages: Goat’s milk, sheep’s milk
Recommended foods
• Grains: Barley, rice, wheat
• Nuts/seeds: Black sesame seeds,
walnuts
• Dairy: Cream, butter
• Avoid:
Warming foods and cooking
methods, anything which can further dry
out the body fluids.
• Acrid, bitter tastes and warm and hot
foods.
• Coffee, red wine, black tea (in excessive
amounts), acrid spices, salt.
•
Avoid strong mental and physical
exertion and excessive sexual activity.
Pitchford's recommendations
for Kidney Yin Deficiency
• Millet, barley, tofu, string bean, black
bean, black soybean, mung
bean/sprouts, kidney bean, most other
beans, kudzu root, watermelon, other
melons, blackberry, mulberry, blueberry,
huckleberry, water chestnut, wheat
germ, potatoes, seaweeds, spirulina,
chlorella, black sesame seed, sardine,
crab, clam, eggs, pork, cheese, aloe
vera gel, silver colloid.
KIDNEY AND HEART
NOT HARMONIZED
• Treatment
• Principle of treatment: nourish Kidney
and Heart Yin, clear Heart Empty-Heat.
• Use cooling foods and cooling cooking
methods. Bitter, salty and cool or neutral
foods.
Recommended foods
• Meat: Pork, beef, poultry
• Fruit: Refreshing fruits, apples, bananas
• Vegetables: Refreshing vegetables,
mushrooms, asparagus, spinach, tomato
• Beverages: Peppermint tea, lemon balm
tea, wheat beer
• Grains: Barley, rice, wheat, corn
• Avoid:
• Warming foods and cooking methods,
anything which can further dry out the
body fluids. High proof alcohol, sweets,
extreme lifestyles, mental overexertion,
sexual excess, stimulating drugs (speed,
ecstasy)
Pitchford's recommendations for Damp
Heat in the Bladder
• Light, bitter, cooling, alkalinizing foods.
Avoid overeating.
• Aduki beans, lima beans, celery, carrots,
winter squash, potatoes with skins,
asparagus, mushrooms, other cooling
vegetables, lemon, cranberry,
huckleberry
Pitchford's recommendations for Jing
Deficiency
• Micro-algae (e.g.: chlorella, spirulina,
blue-green), cereal grass (e.g.: wheat
grass), fish, liver, kidney, brain, chicken,
mussel; vitamin A, Omega 3, almonds,
milk, ghee, royal jelly, bee pollen, along
with Yin and Yang tonic foods (see
above).
METAL PHASE
LUNG PATTERNS
• All the Deficiency patterns of the Lung
involve Deficiency of Qi and most of the
Excess patterns involve invasion of the
Lungs by exterior pathogenic factors.
Dietary Etiology
• Diet has an important influence on the
Lung function. Excessive consumption of
cold and raw foods can generate internal
Dampness which affects the Spleen and
is often "stored" in the Lungs.
• Apart from cold and raw foods, an
excessive consumption of milk, cheese
and butter (but particularly milk) have the
same effect on the Lungs, giving rise to
Phlegm.
LUNG-QI
DEFICIENCY
• Treatment
• Principle of treatment: tonify Lung Qi,
warm Yang.
• Tonify qi of middle jiao; add Lung
tonifying foods. Sweet and acrid tastes,
warm and hot foods and warming
cooking methods.
Etiology
• Hereditary weakness, prolonged stooping
for long hours, a result of an exterior
attack of Wind-Cold or Wind-Heat which is
not treated properly, aggravated when
antibiotics are taken for a cold or a flu with
the result of "locking" the Cold in the chest
and interfering with the Lung dispersing
and descending functions.
• Too much cold food can also weaken
Lung qi.
Recommended foods
• Meat: Duck, quail
• Fish: Carp, tuna
• Fruit: Peaches, grapes
• Vegetables: Cauliflower, kohlrabi,
carrots, olives, onions, mushrooms
• Beverages: Ginger tea
Recommended foods
• Grains: Oats, millet, barley malt, rice
(lightly roasted)
• Spices: Ginger, garlic, thyme
• Nuts/seeds: Peanut
• Other: High proof alcohol (small
amounts)
Pitchford's recommendations for Lung
Qi Deficiency
• Rice, sweet rice, oats, carrot, mustard
green, sweet potato, yam, potato, fresh
ginger, garlic, molasses, rice syrup,
barley malt, herring.
• Use primarily cooked food, avoid cooling
and/or mucus-producing foods (citrus,
salt, dairy, spinach, chard, seaweeds,
micro-algae except chlorella)
LUNG-YIN
DEFICIENCY
• Treatment
• Principle of treatment:
Use cooling foods
and cooling cooking methods.
• Sweet cool or neutral foods to help
generate fluids.
Recommended foods
• Fruit: Banana, (with honey), pear,
tangerine, honeydew melon
• Beverages: Poultry broth, almond milk,
cows milk (with honey)
• Sweeteners: Honey, marzipan
• Nuts/seeds: Peanuts, almonds, sunflower
seeds, sesame seeds
• Dairy: Cottage cheese, farmers cheese,
butter
• Avoid:
• Warming foods and cooking methods,
anything which can further dry out the
body fluids.
• Acrid, bitter tastes and warm and hot
foods.
Pitchford's recommendations for Lung
Yin deficiency
• Irish moss, seaweeds, micro-algae,
orange, peach, pear, apple, watermelon,
tomato, banana, string bean, soy milk,
tofu, tempeh, sugar cane, rice syrup,
flaxseed, butter and other dairy products,
egg, oyster, clam, pork.
• Avoid warming foods and spices.
DAMP-PHLEGM
OBSTRUCTING THE LUNGS
• Excessive consumption of greasy foods
and/or cold and raw foods leads to the
formation of Phlegm and can therefore
contribute to the arousal of this pattern.
PHLEGM-HEAT
OBSTRUCTING THE LUNGS
• This can be due to excessive
consumption of greasy and hot foods
(such as fried meats, alcohol, greasy and
pungent foods) leading to the formation
of Phlegm and Heat.
• Smoking can also be a factor leading to
the pattern since tobacco has a hot
energy from the point of view of Chinese
Medicine.
• Principle of treatment: To supplement qi,
use sweet; to dry damp use bitter; to
circulate lung qi, use acrid.
• Neutral, warm or cool.
Recommended foods
• To supplement qi:
• Fruit: Pears, star fruit, tangerines
• Vegetables: Radish, asparagus, water
chestnut, Chinese cabbage, lotus root,
dandelion
• Grains: Millet, rice, rye, buckwheat
• Spices: Marjoram, pepper, ginger,
cardamom
• Nuts/seeds: Apricot seeds, almonds,
Recommended foods
• For cold phlegm:
• Fruit: Cherries
• Beverages: Bitter liqueurs, ginger tea
• Grains: Millet
• Spices: Garlic, pepper, ginger, cardamom,
cinnamon, thyme
Recommended foods
• For hot phlegm:
• Fruit: Grapefruit, tangerine
• Vegetables: Watercress, white radish,
celery, seaweed
• Beverages: Lemon juice, peppermint tea,
green tea, pear juice
• Other: Soybeans
Recommended foods
• For Lung heat:
• Fruit: Apples, pears
• Vegetables: Radish, asparagus, carrot,
cabbage, tomato, dandelion, mushroom,
seaweed, mung beans
• Beverages: Soy milk, peppermint tea, green
tea
• Spices: Salt
• Other: Soybeans
• Avoid:
• Dairy products, fatty, overly sweet foods,
bananas, alcohol, junk food
Pitchford's recommendations
for Lung Heat
•
Watercress, canteloupe, apple,
persimmon, peach, pear, strawberry,
citrus, seaweeds, mushroom, tremella
(silver ear/ white wood ear), daikon
radish, carrot, pumpkin, kudzu, cabbage,
bok choy, cauliflower, chard, papaya.
• Soups or congees are best, avoid
warming foods, spices.
Pitchford's recommendations for
Phlegm
• In general emphasize vegetables, fruits
and sprouts with small amounts of
grains, legumes and almonds.
• Warming foods: Fennel, fenugreek,
cayenne, garlic and onion family, fresh
ginger, horseradish.
• Neutral foods:
mushroom.
Flaxseed, turnip,
Pitchford's recommendations for
Phlegm
• Cooling foods: Watercress, radish,
daikon radish, cereal grass, seaweeds.
• Avoid dairy, mammal meats, most nuts,
tofu and other soy products, all
sweeteners except stevia.
DIETARY THERAPY
FOR SPECIFIC
CONDITIONS
OVERWEIGHT /
OBESITY
OBESITY
• Typically seen as SP deficiency with
dampness and possibly phlegm
• LR qi stagnation not uncommon
complication
• Ancient China: XS weight sign of
prosperity, so no mention of obesity as a
disease category
• Causes are multifactorial; changes in
lifestyle / behavior are important
• Permanent adjustments in diet and
physical activity
• Acupuncture can be very helpful but still
main treatment is dietary
Recommendations
• Regular meals
• Breakfast 7-11 AM - eat warming grains,
avoid juices and dairy
• Lunch 12-2 PM possibly make main meal of
day
• Light snack in afternoon
• Dinner 6-8 PM eat light / moderate amount
• Weight reduction rate: 2-6 kg (4-13
lbs)/month
• Avoid
• Too much: dairy, meat, alcohol, fats,
sweets.
• Skipping meals
• Eating quickly
• Prognosis
• Kastner: diet + acupuncture leads to
weight loss of up to 15kg (33 lbs) in 3-6
months
SPLEEN-QI/YANG
DEFICIENCY
• Clinical manifestations
• Obesity with slack fat tissue, poor
muscle tone, patint eats little, easily
fatigued, little thirst
• Tongue: Pale, scalloped
• Pulse: Empty, faint or weak.
Treatment
• Use sweet tastes, neutral, warm and hot
foods and neutral to warming methods of
cooking. Eat regularly, at least one
warm meal a day.
Recommended foods
• Meat: Poultry, poultry broth, lamb, beef,
beef stock
• Fish: Trout, salmon, tuna, shellfish
• Fruit: Sweet apples, apricots, dates,
jujube, figs, sweet cherries, peaches,
plums, raisins, red grapes
• Vegetables: Fennel, cabbage, pumpkins,
carrots, sweet potatos, onions (sauteed)
• Beverages: Fennel tea, spiced tea with
cinnamon, mead, liqueurs, corn silk tea,
licorice tea, red grape juice
• Grains: Amaranth, oats, millet, polenta,
short grain rice, long grain rice
• Sweeteners: Maple syrup, barley malt, raw
honey, raisins, raw cane sugar,
• Spices: Anise seed, star anise, cayenne,
pepper, fennel, ginger, cardamom, nutmeg,
vanilla, cinnamon, coriander, oregano,
rosemary, thyme
Avoid
• Fruit: Pineapples, oranges, bananas,
kiwis, watermelons, lemons
• Vegetables: Cucumbers, raw foods, cold
salads, tomatos
• Beverages: Cold/iced drinks, too much
mineral water, cold fruit juices, black tea,
green tea, wheat beer
Avoid
• Dairy: Cottage cheese, farmer's cheese,
cream cheese, milk, sour milk products
• Other: Refined sugar
PHLEGM-DAMP
• Clinical manifestations
• Overweight with hypertension, heavy
head and limbs, oppression in chest,
dizziness, fatigue
• Tongue: Thick slimy coating
• Pulse: Slippery.
Dampness and hot
phlegm
• Bitter, salty, sweet, cool
• Fruit: Pears
• Vegetables: Dandelion, chicory, mung
beans, radish, dulse (red marine algae),
seaweed
• Spices: Salt
• Other: Soy milk
Dampness and cold
phlegm
• Bitter, acrid, warm
• Vegetables: Leeks
• Spices: Garlic, ginger, cardamom
AVOID
• Dairy, bananas, fats, sweets, junk food,
raw salads and fruits, frozen food, too
much meat (esp pork) and alcohol
STOMACH FIRE
WITH PHLEGM
• Clinical manifestations
• Overweight with strong musculature, fat
belly, patient eats a lot (strong appetite),
bad breath, dry stool, constipation, very
thirsty, dark urine,
• Tongue: Red with yellow coating
• Pulse: Rapid, full.
Treatment
• Use cooling methods of preparation.
• Sweet, bitter and sour tastes and cool or
cold foods.
Recommended foods
• Fruit: Bananas, kiwi, watermelons
• Vegetables: Chinese cabbage,
cucumbers, mung beans/ sprouts,
tomato, bamboo sprouts, dandelion,
celery, water chestnuts, seaweed.
• Beverages: Green tea
• Grains: Wheat, barley
• Other: Yogurt, tofu
Avoid
• Warming cooking methods; foods which
are hot or warm, bitter, and/or acrid.
Smoked, fatty or highly seasoned foods;
warm-acrid spices, red wine, coffee,
high-proof alcohol, smoking.
STAGNATION OF LIVER-QI
(LIVER INVADING THE
STOMACH/SPLEEN)
• Clinical manifestations
• Feeling of fulness, belching, Nausea,
heartburn, bitter taste, irritability,
occasional spasmodic epigastric pain
• Tongue: May be normal color or red
sides.
• Pulse: Wiry
Treatment
• Treatment method: Use sour, sweet,
acrid; neutral, cool and cold foods.
Recommended foods
• Fruit: Plums
• Vegetables: Radish, celery
• Grains: Spelt, wheat, wheat germ
• Legumes: Mung bean, mung bean
sprouts
• Beverages: Peppermint tea
• Spices: Ginger, garlic, pepper, chili,
coriander
Avoid
• Meat, alcohol, spicy-fatty-oily foods.
KIDNEY-YANG
DEFICIENCY
• Clinical manifestations
• Accumulation of fat on the abdomen and
buttocks, large soft thighs, patient eats
normally, frequent urination, feelings of
cold, sloppy stool, weakness and pain in
the lower back and lower body.
• Tongue: Pale.
• Pulse: Weak, faint
Treatment
• Use salty tastes; neutral, warm and hot
foods and warming methods of cooking.
• Eat at least two warm meals a day.
Recommended foods
• Meat: Game (especially venison),
pigeon, duck, pork
• Fish: Trout, smoked fish (especially
salmon), lobster
• Vegetables: Fennel, cabbage (with
warming spices), leeks, radish, root
vegetables, onions
Recommended foods
• Grains: Oats, millet, buckwheat, rice or
sweet rice
• Spices: Ginger, black pepper, garlic,
cinnamon
• Nuts/seeds: Chestnut, black sesame
seeds, sunflower seeds, roasted walnuts
Avoid
• Thermally cold or cool foods, frozen
foods, raw foods, cold fruits, salads, sour
milk products, cold beverages.
• Refined sugar and alcoholic beverages
are weakening to the kidneys
Gastrointestinal
Disorders
DIARRHEA
• General recommendations:
• Rice, glutinous rice, millet, blueberries,
portobella or button mushrooms,
shredded apple, cooked-warm food.
ST/SP Qi deficiency
ST/SP Yang deficiency
LI Qi & Yang deficiency
• Clinical manifestations
• Usually chronic diarrhea, watery stools
with undigested food, bloating or
flatulence after eating, pressure and
warmth relieve, weakness, poor appetite;
pale scalloped tongue; weak pulse
• Etiology: Too much cold food, irregular
eating
• Principle of treatment: Warming sweet
foods, cooked, with small amounts of
acrid spices
Recommended foods
• Meat: Poultry, beef
• Fish: Trout, salmon, tuna, shellfish
• Fruit: Steamed apples, blueberries
• Vegetables: Fennel, pureed carrots,
portobella or button mushrooms
• Beverages: Fennel tea
• Grains: Rolled oats, millet, long grain
rice, short grain rice with cinnamon and
honey
• Avoid: Cold raw foods, cold salads, cold
fruit juices, Dairy products, Frozen or
canned food
Damp-Cold
• Etiology: Too much cold food, cold-damp
climate
• Clinical manifestations:
• Clear watery diarrhea, borborygmi,
aversion to cold, cold sensation in
abdomen.
• Tongue: Swollen, slimy white fur.
• Pulse: Slow, Slippery.
Recommended foods
• Vegetables: Fennel, carrots, sweet
potato
• Beverages: Fennel tea, chai
• Grains: Oats, millet, rice (can include
some mild spices)
• Sweeteners: Maple syrup, barley malt,
raw honey, marzipan, raisins, raw cane
sugar, molasses
• Spices: Aniseed, chili, ginger,
cardamom, licorice, cinnamon, pepper
• Avoid: Cold raw foods, cold salads, cold
fruit juices
Damp-Heat
• Clinical manifestations
• Tenesmus, diarrhea, mucus and blood in
stools, offensive odour of stools, burning
in anus, scanty-dark urine, fever,
sweating, thirst.
• Tongue: Red, slimy-yellow coating.
• Pulse: Slippery, Rapid.
• Etiology: Spoiled food, microbial
infestation / infections
• Principle of treatment: Use boiled,
steamed or raw foods. Bitter and sweet
tastes and cool or cold foods.
Recommended foods
• Fruit: Oranges, pears, bananas,
cranberries, honeydew melons
• Vegetables: Eggplant, cucumbers,
bamboo sprouts, mung beans, spinach,
dandelion.
• Beverages: Green tea, black tea,
chamomile tea, wheat beer
Recommended foods
• Grains: Amaranth, corn
• Spices: Gentian
• Dairy: Yogurt
• Other: Tofu
• Avoid: Acrid, hot foods.
SP/KD Yang
deficiency
• Clinical manifestations
• Chronic morning diarrhea (usually at
dawn), weakness, cold abdomen and
legs.
• Tongue: Pale, Swollen.
• Pulse: Deep, Weak, Slow.
• Etiology: Overwork, chronic illness,
overexposure to cold, too much cold
food
• Principle of treatment: Use sweet and
salty tastes; neutral, warm and hot foods
and warming methods of cooking.
• Eat "Master Soup" three times a week,
with carrots, beef, leeks, ginger, etc.
Recommended foods
• Meat: Chicken, lamb, beef
• Fish: Trout, salmon, tuna, shellfish
• Fruit: Cherries, raisins
• Vegetables: Fennel, leeks, carrots
• Grains: Oats, millet, corn, short grain rice
Recommended foods
• Spices: Aniseed, pepper, ginger,
cardamom, cinnamon.
• Nuts/seeds: Chestnuts, roasted walnuts
• Avoid: Cold raw foods, cold salads, cold
fruit juices
CONSTIPATION
Qi or Yang deficiency
• Clinical manifestations
• Thinly formed, long stools, fatigue after
defecation, pale face, cold limbs.
• Tongue: Pale, Swollen, glossy.
• Pulse: Deep, Weak.
• Etiology: Aging, chronic illness, mostly
seen in the elderly and post-partum.
• Principle of treatment:
Use sweet, bitter
and acrid tastes; neutral, warm and hot
foods and warming methods of cooking
with circulating and digestive spices.
Recommended foods
• Meat: Poultry, beef
• Fruit: Cherries, dates, plums, raisins,
peaches, apricots, figs
• Vegetables: Fennel, radish, carrots,
sweet potatoes
• Beverages: Grape juice
Recommended foods
• Grains: Oats, corn, rice, soy
• Spices: Aniseed, garlic, ginger,
marzipan, cinnamon, coriander
• Nuts/seeds: Almonds, pine nuts, black
sesame
• Avoid: Cold raw foods, cold salads, cold
fruit juices
Yin deficiency
• Clinical manifestations
• Dry stool, dry mouth and throat, worse in
the evening, night sweats, dizziness,
tinnitus.
• Tongue: Red, dry, peeled.
• Pulse: Thin and rapid.
• Etiology: Aging, chronic illness, mostly
seen in the elderly and post-partum.
• Principle of treatment:
Use cooling foods
and cooling cooking methods. Sweet,
salty and cool or neutral foods to help
generate fluids.
Recommended foods
• Meat: Pork
• Fruit: Apples, pears, bananas, apricots,
plums
• Vegetables: Seaweed, Chinese
cabbage, cucumbers, spinach, celery,
eggplant
• Grains: Barley, wheat, wheat germ
Recommended foods
• Spices: Salt
• Nuts/seeds: Black sesame seeds,
peanuts, walnuts, almonds (with honey)
• Other: Tofu
• Avoid: Foods which are hot, bitter, and/or
acrid.
LR Qi stagnation
• Clinical manifestations
• Pellet-like stools, difficult bowel
movement, distension or pain of
hypochondrium and chest, irritability,
belching, abdominal distension
• Tongue: Normal, slightly red sides.
• Pulse: Wiry, especially on the left side.
• Etiology: Anger, stress
• Principle of treatment: Neutral or cool
foods; sour, possibly sweet or bitter
tastes.
• Raw, steamed or blanched preparation.
Recommended foods
• Fruit: Plums, oranges, grapefruit
• Vegetables: Chinese cabbage,
cucumbers, spinach, celery, tomato
• Grains: Barley, wheat, wheat germ
• Beverages: Black tea, wheat beer, plum
juice
Recommended foods
• Legumes: Mung bean, mung bean sprouts
• Spices: Ginger, garlic, pepper, marjoram,
coriander (all in small amounts)
• Nuts/seeds: Black sesame seeds
• Other: Vinegar, tofu, apple cider vinegar,
yogurt
• Avoid: Warming cooking methods.
spices, fatty-oily foods.
Hot
ST/LI Heat
• Clinical manifestations
• Dry hard stools, infrequent bowel
movements, thirst with desire to drink
cold liquids, sensation of heat in
abdomen, bad breath.
• Tongue: Red, thick-yellow-dry coating.
• Pulse: Full, Rapid.
• Etiology: This pattern can be due to
excessive consumption of energetically
hot foods; also to stress.
• Principle of treatment: Use cooling
methods of preparation. Sweet, bitter
and sour tastes and cool or cold foods.
Recommended
foods
• Fruit: Pears, apples, bananas, kiwi,
oranges, plums, grapefruit
• Vegetables: Mung beans, rhubarb,
spinach.
• Beverages: Green tea, pear juice, plum
juice, orange juice, wheat beer
• Grains: Wheat
• Spices: Salt
• Other: Yogurt, tofu
• Avoid: hot foods and acrid spices.