Transcript Practice of the UNFCCC GHG inventory software, Energy

CGE Greenhouse Gas Inventory
Hands – on Training Workshop for
the African Region
Pretoria, South Africa
18 – 22 September 2006
UNFCCC - NAI SOFTWARE
Sector: Energy
Practical Aspects and Exercises
1
6B.1
CONTENT


Specific details of the UNFCCC - NAI Software
use to calculate and report GHG emissions in the
sector Energy.
Practical exercises (to be solved by the
participants after the presentation).
2
6B.2
BACKGROUND



The choice of a good practice method is given by
the decision threes in the IPCC GPG according to
national circumstances.
UNFCCC -NAI Software contains, basically, the
methods of smaller complexity that can use
countries for the preparation of inventories.
However, in principle, the software can be used to
report the estimated emissions independently of
the complexity of used method (Tier 2, 3 etc).
3
6B.3
Sector: Energy
Sector 1: Energy
Source Categories and Subcategories
CO2 From Fuel Combustion (Reference Approach)
CO2 From Fuel Combustion -By source categories (sub-sectors)
CO2.Transport (by category of transport and type of fuel)
Non-CO2 From Fuel Combustion -By source categories (sub-sectors) and gases
SO2 From Fuel Combustion – By source categories (sub-sectors)
Emissions From Aircraft- Tier 2. By domestic and international aircraft type
Methane Emissions From Coal mining and Handling
Methane Emissions from Oil and Gas Activities
Worksheets
1-1s1 to 1-1s5 and 1-1a (3)
1-2S1 to 1-2s16 and 1-2a 1-2
Overview (21) (*)
1-2s5 to 1-2s6
1-3s1 to 1-3s3 (11)
1-4s1 to 1-4s5 (5) (**)
1-5s1 to 1-5s3 (3) (9)
1-6s1 (1) (***)
1-7s1 (IPCC, 1996) or 1-7s2 (GPG,
2000) (2) (****)
1-8s1- 1-8s4 (4)
Ozone Precursors and SO2 from Oil Refining
(#) Quantity of sheets
Changes in the worksheets with respect to the IPCC Software
The current software provides two copies of sheets 3-4, 9-10, 15-15 to facilitate calculate separately the emissions from
*
autogeneration (A) and process heat (B). Several modifications were made in the sheet 1-2 Overview to reduce sources of
potential errors and to create automatic link with the sheet 1-3s1 (in the IPCC software it was filled manually).
The current software provides a copy of sheet 1-4 for each sub-sector so that SO2 emissions can be calculated separately by sub**
sectors without inserting new sheets manually.
*** New columns were inserted for taking into account methane that was recovered or flared.
**** The current software provides two options (sheet 1-7s1 from IPCC, 1996 or sheet 1-7s2 from GPG, 2000). It also contains more
detailed emissions sub-categories. Please only fill either sheet 1-7s1 or sheet 1-7s2.
4
6B.4
SECTOR: ENERGY
Fuel Combustion: CO2_Reference Approach
SECTOR: ENERGY: FUEL COMBUSTION (1)
MAIN CATEGORIES
CO2 From Fuel
Combustion (Reference
Approach)
UNFCC - NAI
SOFTWARE
Worksheets
1-1s1 to 1-1s5 and 1-1a
(6)
Remarks
-If fuel supply statistics are available there are not
difficulties to estimate emission using the Reference
Approach and the software.
-It is recommended to include always the calculation with
the Reference Approach although another more rigorous
method is also used.
-The Reference Approach provides only aggregate
estimates of emissions by fuels (stationary combustion
emissions cannot be distinguished from mobile combustion
emissions).
5
6B.5
SECTOR: ENERGY
Exercise 1.1: CO2 Reference Approach Tier 1 (I)
Country A: Year: 2000.
Data

The National Statistics Office provided data on the national fuel
consumption included in the energy balance for the year 2000.
Using the Reference Approach and the CMNUCC–NAI Software
determines:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
CO2 emissions from liquid fossil fuels.
CO2 emissions from solid fossil fuels.
CO2 emissions from international bunkers.
CO2 emissions from biomass used in energy.
Total CO2 emissions for the country.
6. Verifies the emissions report in the Short Summary Table.
6
6B.6
SECTOR: ENERGY
Exercise 1.1: CO2 Reference Approach Tier 1 (II)
COUNTRY A: YEAR 2000. FUEL CONSUMPTION DATA
FUEL
TYPES
CRUDE OIL
PRODUCTION
1000 ton
IMPORTS
1000 ton
3627,9
1479,1
GASOLINE
41,9
JET KEROSENE
310,8
EXPORTS
1000 ton
INTERNAT
BUNKERS
1000 ton
STOCK
CHANGE
1000 ton
194,2
52,1
6,2
185,3
OTHER
KEROSENE
-3
3
GAS/ DIESEL OIL
1051,6
15,4
-90,2
RESIDUAL FUEL
OIL
1363,4
24,72
-26
LPG
78,9
ANTHRACITE
26
HEATING OIL A
200
SOLID BIOMASS
5000
7
6B.7
SECTOR: ENERGY
Exercise 1.1: CO2 Reference Approach Tier 1 (III)
OTHER DATA LINKED TO THE FUELS CONSUMPTION
FUEL TYPES
CONVERSION FACTOR
TJ/1000 ton
CARBON EMISSION
FACTOR
t C/TJ
CRUDE OIL
43,12
20
GASOLINE
44,95
18,9
JET KEROSENE
44,15
19,5
OTHER KEROSENE
43,87
19,6
GAS/DIESEL OIL
43,16
20,2
RESIDUAL FUEL OIL L
40,57
21,1
LPG
47,65
17,2
ANTHRACITE
33,01
26,8
HEATING OIL A
40,9
18
SOLID BIOMASS
16,23
29,9
8
6B.8
SECTOR: ENERGY
Exercise 1.1: CO2 Reference Approach Tier 1 (IV)
OTHER DATA LINKED TO THE FUELS CONSUMPTION
FUEL TYPES
FRACTION OF CARBON OXIDISED
CRUDE OIL
0,99
GASOLINE
0,99
JET KEROSENE
0,99
OTHER KEROSENE
0,99
GAS/DIESEL OIL
0,99
RESIDUAL FUEL OIL L
0,99
LPG
0,99
ANTHRACITE
0,98
HEATING OIL A
0,99
SOLID BIOMASS
0,88
9
6B.9
SECTOR: ENERGY
Exercise 1.1: CO2 Reference Approach Tier 1 (V)
Steps
Open the software and select in the Energy sector the worksheet 1-1s1-3
CO2 from Energy Sector (Reference Approach)
1. To calculate apparent consumption (1000 t) for each fuel enter for
primary fuels: production (column A), imports (column B), exports
(column C), international bunkers (column D), stock change (column
E). For secondary fuels and products enter: imports (column B),
exports (column C), international bunkers (column D), stock change
(column E).
2. Enter the conversion factor in column G to obtain the apparent
consumption in Tj (column H)
10
6B.10
SECTOR: ENERGY
Exercise 1.1: CO2 Reference Approach Tier 1 (VI)
Steps (continuation)
3. Enter the Carbon Emission Factor in Column D to obtain the carbon
content in tC (column J) and Gg C (column K).
4. In this step the software calculates the carbon stored in products
from the data incorporate in the Auxiliary worksheet 1-1a. The
country didn’t provide information in this respect.
5. Enter values for Fraction of Carbon Oxidised in Column N. The
software calculates actual carbon emissions (Gg C) in column O.
6. The software calculates actual CO2 emission (Gg CO2) in column P.
7. Go to the Worksheets 1-1s4-5 to estimate CO2 emissions from
international bunkers.
8. Go to the Short Summary Report Table (Table 7Bs1) and verify the
location and value of reported emission.
11
6B.11
SECTOR: ENERGY
Exercise 1.1: CO2 Reference Approach Tier 1 (VI)
RESULTS
CO2 emissions from liquid fossil fuels
24295,79 Gg
CO2 emissions from solid fossil fuels
82,65 Gg
CO2 emissions from international
bunkers
704,64 Gg
CO2 emissions from biomass used in
energy. Not included in the total.
Reported only for information
7829,14 Gg
Total CO2 emissions for the country
24378,44 Gg
12
6B.12
Enter for primary fuels:
production, imports,
exports ,
international
bunkers, stock
change .
For secondary fuels and
products enter:
imports, exports,
international
bunkers, stock
change.
13
6B.13
Conversion factor
(TJ/1000 t)
Carbon emission
factor (tC/TJ)
14
6B.14
Fraction of
carbon
oxidised
Actual CO2
emissions
(Gg)
15
6B.15
SECTOR: ENERGY
Exercise 1.1: CO2 Reference Approach Tier 1 (VI)
RESULTS
CO2 emissions from liquid fossil fuels
24295,79 Gg
CO2 emissions from solid fossil fuels
82,65 Gg
CO2 emissions from international
bunkers
704,64 Gg
CO2 emissions from biomass used in
energy. Not included in the total.
Reported only for information
7829,14 Gg
Total CO2 emissions for the country
24378,44 Gg
16
6B.16
CO2 emissions from the reference approach in the
Short Summary Report Table
17
6B.17
SECTOR: ENERGY
Fuel Combustion: CO2 by Source Categories
SECTOR: ENERGY: FUEL COMBUSTION (2)
MAIN
UNFCC - NAI
CATEGORIES SOFTWARE
Worksheets
CO2 From Fuel
Combustion
-By source
categories (subsectors)
1-2S1 to 1-2s16
and 1-2a 1-2
Overview (21)
Remarks
Tier 1: Sectoral Approach
-If estimates for fuel combusted by source category are available there are not
difficulties to obtain emissions by sectors using the software.
Alert: Attention should be paid when are incorporated in the Worksheets 12s1 to 1-2s16 other types of fossil fuels (liquid, solid or gases) not included in
the listing of the software. These other fuels are compiled in the Worksheet 12 Overview like additional fuels.
1. In current software three columns (AO to AQ) were inserted and they
should be filled manually.
2. If you have use columns AG to AK to specify the combustion of other
(additional) fuels, then aggregate these other fuels here into solid, liquid
and gaseous.
3. These other fuels are linked automatically to the totals in worksheet 1-2
Overview and to appropriate cells in worksheet 1-3s1.
18
6B.18
SECTOR: ENERGY
Fuel Combustion: CO2 by Source Categories
SECTOR: ENERGY: FUEL COMBUSTION (3)
MAIN
UNFCCC - NAI
CATEGORIES
SOFTWARE
Worksheets
CO2 From Fuel
Combustion
-By source
categories (subsectors)
Remarks
1-2S1 to 1-2s16 and
1-2a 1-2 Overview
(21)
Alert:
1. Although the country doesn't have consumptions of some of the
fuels included in the software, these should not be substituted by
others used in the country and that don't appear in the listing (it
(1-2s7-1-2s8) for
could introduce error in the Worksheet 1-2 when assigning the
International Bunkers
contributions from these fuels to an erroneous column).
2. The other fossil fuels should be incorporated at the end of the
listing in the empty lines or incorporating new lines if it becomes
necessary.
3. Remember that for trade fuels it is good practice to obtain the
carbon content of the fuels and net calorific values from fuel
suppliers and use local value wherever possible.
19
6B.19
SECTOR: ENERGY
Fuel Combustion: CO2 (bottom-up)
SECTOR: ENERGY: FUEL COMBUSTION (3) (cont)
MAIN
UNFCC - NAI
Tier 2
CATEGORIES SOFTWARE
Method
Tier 1:
Worksheets
CO2 From Fuel 1-2S1 to 1-2s16
-Detailed
Combustion
and 1-2a 1-2
Combustion
-By source
Overview (18)
Technology-Based
categories (subApproach (bottom
sectors)
(1-2s7-1-2s8) for up).
International
Bunkers
Remarks
-The software doesn't include the possibility to apply the
detailed combustion Technology-Based Approach.
Suggestions: If that approach is used in substitution of
the Sectoral method, then:
1. Makes the calculations outside of software;
2. Incorporates the results manually in the Sectoral
Table and the Tables of Summary of the
Inventory,
3. Add note in the information box of worksheets 12s1-6 clarifying the used method and results
obtained. Provide detailed information in the NIR.
20
6B.20
SECTOR: ENERGY
Exercise 1. 2: CO2 by Source Categories Tier 1 (I)
Country A: Year: 2000. Worksheet 1-2s12 Residential Sector
Data
 The National Statistics Office provided the amount and type of
fuel combusted in the Residential Sector during the year 2000.
These data are included in the following table.
Fuel
Other Kerosene
LPG
Heating Oil A
Consumption
(kt)
62,5
97,2
200
Fuel
Wood/Wood
waste
Charcoal
Consumption
(kt)
3500
500
21
6B.21
SECTOR: ENERGY
Exercise 1.2: CO2 by Source Categories Tier 1 (II)
Other Data:

Use the following values for the calculation:
Fuel
Other Kerosene
LPG
Heating Oil A
Conversion factor
(TJ/kt)
43,8
47,6
40,9
Carbon EF
(tC/TJ)
19,6
17,2
18,0
Fraction of Carbon
Oxidised
0,99
0,99
0,99
Fuel
Wood/Wood waste
Charcoal
Conversion factor
(TJ/kt)
15,5
30,23
Carbon EF
(tC/TJ)
29,9
29,9
Fraction of Carbon
Oxidised
0,88
0,88
22
6B.22
SECTOR: ENERGY
Exercise 1.2: CO2 by Source Categories Tier 1 (III)
Tasks
Using the UNFCCC – NAI Software:
1. Calculates CO2 emissions Tier 1 method (Sectoral Approach).
2. Verify if consumption and the emission are correctly located in
Worksheet 1-2 Overview. If the location is not correct modifies it.
3. Verifies the emissions report in the Sectoral and Summary Tables.
4. Fills the Table 8A (Overview Table) for the self evaluation of quality
and completeness.
5. Print the used worksheet, the Sectoral Summary Table and the
Overview Table (8A)
23
6B.23
SECTOR: ENERGY
Exercise 1.2: CO2 by Source Categories Tier 1 (IV)
Steps
Open the software and select in the Energy sector the worksheet 1-2s1112 Residential Sector.
1. Enter the amount of each fuel consumed in Column A.
2. Enter the conversion factor to convert to terajoules in Column B.
3. Enter the Carbon Emission Factor in Column D.
4. In this step the software calculates the carbon stored in products from
the data incorporate in the Auxiliary worksheet 1-2a. The country
didn’t provide information in this respect.
24
6B.24
SECTOR: ENERGY
Exercise 1.2: CO2 by Source Categories Tier 1 (IV)
Steps (continuation)
5. Enter values for Fraction of Carbon Oxidised in Column J.
6. The software estimate actual CO2 emission in column L.
7. Go to the Worksheet 1.2 and verify the value and location of
consumption and emission estimated.
8. Go to the Sectoral and Summary Report Tables and verify the location
and value of reported emission.
25
6B.25
SECTOR: ENERGY
Exercise 1.2: CO2 By Source Categories Tier 1 (V)
RESULTS
CO2 emissions for the Residential Sector
1018,12 Gg
CO2 emissions from biomass used for
energy in the Residential Sector. Not
included in the total. Reported only for
information.
6692,15 Gg
26
6B.26
ADDITIONAL FUEL
NOT INCLUDED IN
THE LIST OF FUELS
CO2
EMISSIONS
27
6B.27
CONSUMPTION
AND EMISSION
FOR
ADDITIONAL
FUELS
FILLED
MANUALLY
CONSUMPTION
AND CO2
EMISSIONS
FOR THE
FUELS
INCLUDED
INITIALLY IN
THE LIST
TOTAL
CONSUMPTION
AND CO2
EMISSIONS IN
THE
RESIDENTIAL
SECTOR
28
6B.28
SECTORAL REPORT FOR ENERGY
REPORT OF CO2 EMISSION IN THE RESIDENTIAL
SECTOR
29
6B.29
SECTORAL REPORT FOR ENERGY
REPORT OF TOTAL CO2 EMISSIONS IN THE
ENERGY SECTOR AND FUEL COMBUSTION
ACTIVITIES
30
6B.30
SECTORAL REPORT FOR ENERGY
REPORT OF TOTAL CO2 EMISSIONS FROM
BIOMASS IN THE ENERGY SECTOR
31
6B.31
REPORT OF CO2 EMISSION IN THE SUMMARY
REPORT TABLE
SUMMARY REPORT TABLE 7As1
32
6B.32
REPORT OF CO2 EMISSION IN THE SHORT
SUMMARY REPORT TABLE
SHORT SUMMARY REPORT TABLE
33
6B.33
SECTOR: ENERGY
Fuel Combustion: CO2 Transport Tier 1
SECTOR: ENERGY: FUEL COMBUSTION (4)
MAIN
UNFCCC -NAI
CATEGORIES
SOFTWARE
Tier 1: Worksheets
CO2 From Fuel
Combustion
1-2S5 to 1-2s6
-Transport (by
category of transport
and type of fuel)
Remarks
Transport. Tier 1:
-If activity data are available there are not difficulties to calculate the
emissions with the software. For this it is necessary to obtain the
consumption of fuels for types and by major transport activity, i.e. road,
air, rail, and ships.
-CO2 emissions are best calculated on the basis of the amount and type
of fuel combusted and its carbon content.
-However, as road transport and aviation account for the majority of
mobile-source fuel consumption; greater priority has been made to the
development of emissions.
Alert:
 The main issue is to ensure that double counting of agricultural
and off-road vehicles are avoided.
 In Road transport it is included the use of agricultural vehicles on
highways but are excluded other mobile sources that are reported
in 1A4 Other Sectors: Agricultural/Forestry/Fishing (vehicles of
traction, domestic inland, coastal and deep sea fishing etc).
34
6B.34
SECTOR: ENERGY
Fuel Combustion: CO2 Road Transport Tier 1
SECTOR: ENERGY: FUEL COMBUSTION (5)
MAIN
UNFCCC -NAI
Tier 2
CATEGORIES SOFTWARE
Methods
Tier 1:
Worksheets
CO2 From Fuel 1-2S5 to 1-2s6
Tier 2 (bottom – up
Combustion
approach)
Tier 1 (or topdown approach)
by fuel type
Remarks
Road Transport
-As road transport and aviation account for the majority
of mobile-source fuel consumption; greater priority has
been made to the development of emissions.
Tier 1: If the amount of type of fuel combusted in road
transport is available there are not difficulties to obtain
the emissions with the software using country specific or
default EF.
-It’s good practice to calculate CO2 emissions on the
basis of fuel consumption statistics using the Tier 1
approach.
Alert: The main issue is to ensure that double counting
of agricultural and off-road vehicles are avoided. In Road
transport it is included the use of agricultural vehicles on
highways but are excluded other mobile sources that are
reported in 1A4 Other Sectors (vehicles of traction etc).
35
6B.35
SECTOR: ENERGY
Fuel Combustion: CO2 Road Transport Tier 2
SECTOR: ENERGY: FUEL COMBUSTION (6)
MAIN
UNFCCC -NAI
Tier 2
CATEGORIES SOFTWARE
Methods
Tier 1:
Worksheets
CO2 From Fuel 1-2S5 to 1-2s6
Tier 2 (bottom – up
Combustion
approach)
Remarks
Road Transport: Tier 2
-It is also good practice to use the Tier 2 approach in
parallel with Tier 1.
- With the approach Tier 2 is not possible calculate
the emissions using the software. It needs much more
information: (fuel consumed by vehicle and fuel type,
number of vehicles for types, annual km traveled per
vehicle, average liters consumed by km traveled etc).
- Emissions are estimated multiplying fuel consumption
by an EF for the fuel type and vehicle type.
Suggestion: If that approach is used in substitution of
the Tier 1 method, then: 1) Makes the calculations
outside of software; 2) Incorporates the results manually
in the Sectoral Table and the Tables of Summary of the
Inventory, 3) Add note in the documentation boxes of
Tables 1-2s5-1-5s6 clarifying the used method and
results obtained. Provide detailed information in the NIR.
36
6B.36
SECTOR: ENERGY
Fuel Combustion: Non-CO2 by Source Categories Tier 1
SECTOR: ENERGY: FUEL COMBUSTION (7)
MAIN
UNFCCC –
Tier 2 Methods
Remarks
CATEGORIES
NAI
SOFTWARE
Tier 1:
Worksheets
Non-CO2 From Fuel 1-3s1 to 1-3s3 -Stationary
Tier 1: If activity data are available there are not
combustion
(11)
combustion by
difficulties to obtain the emissions with the software.
-By source
CH4
sub source
categories (subN2O
categories/
sectors)
NOx
technology type
CO
and country
NMVOC
specific/regional
or IPCC default
Tier 2 EF.
37
6B.37
SECTOR: ENERGY
Fuel Combustion: Non-CO2 Emissions Tier 2
SECTOR: ENERGY: FUEL COMBUSTION (7) (cont)
MAIN
UNFCCC - Tier 2 Methods
CATEGORIES
NAI
SOFTWARE
Tier 1:
Worksheets
Non-CO2 From Fuel 1-3s1 to 1-3s3 -Stationary
combustion
(11)
combustion by
-By source
CH4
sub source
categories (subN2O
categories/
sectors)
NOx
technology type
CONMVOC
and country
specific/regional
or IPCC default
Tier 2 EF.
Remarks
Tier 2: The software doesn't include the possibility to
apply the detailed combustion approach by sub sources,
technologies etc.
Suggestion: If that approach is used in substitution of
the Sectoral method, then: 1) Makes the calculations
outside of software; 2) Incorporates the results manually
in the Sectoral Table and the Tables of Summary of the
Inventory, 3) Add note in the information boxes of the
Tables 1-3S1-1-13s3 clarifying the used method and
results obtained. Provide detailed information in the
NIR.
38
6B.38
SECTOR: ENERGY
Exercise 1.3: Non-CO2 by Source Categories Tier 1 (I)
Country A: Year: 2000. Worksheets 1-3 Residential Sector
Tasks
Using the UNFCCC -NAI Software and the same data from the
exercise 1.2:
1. Calculates Non-CO2 emissions using the Tier 1 method
(Sectoral Approach).
2. Verifies the emissions report in the Sectoral and Summary
Tables.
3. Fills the Table 8A (Overview Table) for the self evaluation of
quality and completeness.
4. Print the used worksheet, the Sectoral Summary Table and the
Overview Table (8A)
39
6B.39
SECTOR: ENERGY
Exercise 1.3: Non-CO2 by Source Categories Tier 1 (II)
Other Data:

Use the following default EF (residential sector) for the calculation:
Gas
EF (kg/TJ)
(Oil)
EF (kg/TJ)
(Wood)
EF (kg/TJ)
(Charcoal)
CH4
10
300
200
N2O
0,6
4
1
NOx
100
100
100
CO
20
5000
7000
NMVOC
5
600
100
40
6B.40
SECTOR: ENERGY
Exercise 1.3: Non-CO2 by Source Categories Tier 1 (III)
Steps
Begin after the steps given in the exercise 1.2
 Go to the Worksheet 1.3s1 and verify if the annual fuel
consumption previously reported in the Residential Sector
is already included in the worksheet (columns A1 to A6).
Those consumptions come automatically from 1-2 Overview.
 Select and enter the EF for each fuel and activity in the
columns B1 to B6 (in this exercise only for the Residential
Sector).
 The software makes the emission calculation (for each
fuel, activity, gas and total).
41
6B.41
SECTOR: ENERGY
Exercise 1.3: Non-CO2 by Source Categories Tier 1 (IV)
RESULTS
Non-CO2 emissions for the
Residential Sector
Gg
CH4
19,45
N2O
0,24
NOx
8,49
CO
377,37
NMVOC
34,14
42
6B.42
FUEL CONSUMPTION REPORTED FOR
THE RESIDENTIAL SECTOR
SHEET 1-3s1
43
6B.43
EXAMPLE FOR CH4
DEFAULT CH4 EF BY FUELS
CH4 EMISSION FOR THE
RESIDENTIAL SECTOR
44
6B.44
TABLE SECTORAL REPORT FOR ENERGY
NON CO2 EMISSIONS IN THE RESIDENTIAL SUB SECTOR
45
6B.45
REPORT OF EMISSION ESTIMATES IN THE
SUMMARY REPORT TABLE
SUMMARY REPORT TABLE 7As1
46
6B.46
REPORT OF EMISSION ESTIMATES IN THE SHORT
SUMMARY REPORT TABLE
SHORT SUMMARY REPORT TABLE
47
6B.47
SECTOR: ENERGY
Fuel Combustion-Transport: Non-CO2 Emissions Tier 1
SECTOR: ENERGY: FUEL COMBUSTION (8)
MAIN
UNFCCC – NAI
CATEGORIES
SOFTWARE
Tier 1: Worksheets
Non-CO2 From Fuel
combustion
-By source
categories (subsectors)
1-3s1 to 1-3s3 (11)
-Transport (by
category of
transport and fuel)
Remarks
Transport
-If activity data are available there are not difficulties to obtain the
emissions with the software.
-In reality, emissions of these gases depend on the fuel type used,
combustion technology, operating conditions, control technology,
maintenance and age of the equipment. However, since it is unlikely
that many countries will have this detailed data, the Tier 1 method
ignores these refinements.
48
6B.48
SECTOR: ENERGY
Fuel Combustion-Road Transport: Non-CO2 Emissions Tier 2
SECTOR: ENERGY: FUEL COMBUSTION (9)
MAIN
UNFCCC Tier 2
CATEGORIES
NAI
Methods
SOFTWARE
Tier 1:
Worksheets
Non-CO2 From Fuel
Bottom-up
combustion
Approach
-By source
categories (sectors)
Remarks
Road Transport. Tier 2:
With the approach Tier 2 is not possible calculate the
emissions using the software
1. -The application of the Tier 2 for these gases is
much more complex that for CO2.
2. -Here also is needed a high volume of activity data
and the development of EF is more difficult
because these pollutants require technology-based
EF rather than aggregate default EF. It is good
practice to calculate an EF for each fuel type,
vehicle type and pollution control technology.
3. -There is very little information on the appropriate
EF for road transport in developing countries
where age of fleet, maintenance and patterns of use
are different from those in industrialized countries.
4. -In general EF for other countries may differ from
the data provided in IPCC Guidelines and IPCC
GPG. Care should be had to apply the Tier 2
method using that EF.
49
6B.49
SECTOR: ENERGY
Fuel Combustion-Road Transport: Non-CO2 Emissions Tier 2
SECTOR: ENERGY: FUEL COMBUSTION (9)
MAIN
UNFCCC Tier 2
CATEGORIES
NAI
Methods
SOFTWARE
Tier 1:
Worksheets
Non-CO2 From Fuel
Bottom-up
combustion
Approach
-By source
categories (sectors)
Remarks
Road Transport. Tier 2:
With the approach Tier 2 is not possible calculate the
emissions using the software
Suggestions: If that approach is used in substitution of
the Tier 1 approach, then:
1. Makes the calculations outside of software;
2. Incorporates the results manually in the Sectoral
Table and the Tables of Summary of the Inventory,
3. Add note in the information box of worksheets 12s1-6 clarifying the used method and results
obtained. Provide detailed information in the NIR.
50
6B.50
SECTOR: ENERGY
Fuel Combustion-SO2 Emissions Tier 1
SECTOR: ENERGY: FUEL COMBUSTION (10)
MAIN CATEGORIES
UNFCCC - NAI
SOFTWARE
Tier 1: Worksheets
Non-CO2 From Fuel
combustion
-By source categories
(sub-sectors)
1-4s1 to 1-4s5
SO2 emissions from
fuel combustion for
source categories.
Worksheets for each
sector
Note: The current
software provides a
copy of Table 1-4 for
each sub-sector so that
SO2 emission can be
calculated separately
by sub-sectors without
inserting new sheets
manually.
Tier 2 Methods
Remarks
-Stationary combustion
by sub source
categories/ technology
type and country
specific/regional or
IPCC default Tier 2 EF.
-If activity data are available there are not difficulties
to obtain the emissions with the software.
Alert:
-Attention should be paid to the explanatory note in
the worksheet with respect to calculation of the EF for
natural gas. Care should be had in the form that it is
expressed (or converted from other units) the sulfur
content and the caloric value.
With the approach Tier 2 is not possible calculate
the emissions using the software
Suggestions: If that approach is used in substitution of
the Tier 1 approach, then:
1. Makes the calculations outside of software;
2. Incorporates the results manually in the
Sectoral Table and the Tables of Summary of
the Inventory,
Add note in the information box of worksheets 1-4s1
to 1-4s5 clarifying the used method and results
obtained. Provide detailed information in the NIR.
51
6B.51
SECTOR: ENERGY
Fuel Combustion- Emissions from Aircraft Tier 1/Tier2
SECTOR: ENERGY: FUEL COMBUSTION (11)
MAIN
UNFCCC NAI
Tier 2 Methods
CATEGORIES
SOFTWARE
Tier 1: Worksheets
Emissions From
Aircraft
Tier 1 (fuel based).
Aggregate figure of
fuel consumption
Based on LTOs and
fuel use.
Worksheets 1-5s1 to
1-5s3
Remarks
-The biggest difficulties in this category are
linked with the activity data and their
separation in domestic and international
activities.
-If activity data are available there are not
difficulties to obtain the emissions with the
software.
-The software provides worksheets for the
Tier 2 method.
52
6B.52
SECTOR: ENERGY
Fugitive Emission- CH4 from Coal Mining and Handling Tier 1
SECTOR: ENERGY: FUGITIVE EMISSIONS (12)
Tier 2 Methods
UNFCCC -NAI
MAIN
SOFTWARE
CATEGORIES
Tier 1: Worksheets
Methane Emissions
From Coal mining
and Handling
1-6s1 (1)
EF selected from a
global average
range
-Country or basinspecific EF.
-The use of
measurements is
considered as a
Tier 3 approach
Remarks
-There is not difficulty to calculate the
emissions with the software using both the Tier
1 and Tier 2 approach.
- In the current version of the software new
columns were inserted for taking into account
methane that was recovered or flared. It is good
practice to subtract this amount from the total
estimate.
53
6B.53
SECTOR: ENERGY
Exercise 1.4: CH4 Emissions from Coal mining and Handling
Tier 1 (I)
Country A: Year: 2000. Worksheet 1-6s1
Data

The National Statistics Office provided the amount of raw coal produced during
the year. The production is carried out in underground mines located in the
same area of the country. The average mining depth is approximately 300m.
CH4 emission came from ventilation systems and degasification systems. Mine
specific measurement data are not available. Country specific EF are not
available
EF underground mines
(m3 CH4/ton)
(default values)
Mining
Post-Mining
17,5
2,45
CH4 Recovered
and used or
flared
(millions m3)
Raw coal
production
(ton)
30
5 000 000
54
6B.54
SECTOR: ENERGY
Exercise 1.4: CH4 Emissions from Coal Mining and Handling
Tier 1 (II)
Country A: Year: 2000. Worksheets 1-6s1
Tasks
1. Calculates CH4 emissions using the Tier 1 method adjusted for
methane recovered, used or flared.
2. Verifies the emissions report in the Sectoral and Summary
Tables.
3. Fills the Table 8A (Overview Table) for the self evaluation of
quality and completeness.
4. Print the used worksheet, the Sectoral Summary Table and the
Overview Table (8A)
55
6B.55
SECTOR: ENERGY
Exercise 1.4: CH4 Emissions from Coal Mining and Handling
Tier 1 (III)
Steps
1. Open the software and select in the Energy sector the worksheet
1-6s1.
2. Enter the amount of coal produced by type of mining activity in
column A.
3. Enter EF in column B (if you don’t have country-specific values
use default values).
4. The software makes the rest of calculations.
56
6B.56
SECTOR: ENERGY
Exercise 1.4: CH4 Emissions from Coal Mining and Handling
Tier 1 (IV)
RESULTS
CH4 emissions from coal mining and
handling
Gg
Mining
38,53
Post mining
8,21
Total
46,73
57
6B.57
METHANE EMISSIONS
58
6B.58
REPORT OF FUGITIVE CH4 EMISSIONS FROM COAL
MINNING AND HANDLING IN THE SECTORAL TABLE
FOR ENERGY
59
6B.59
REPORT OF FUGITIVE CH4 EMISSIONS IN THE
SUMMARY TABLE
60
6B.60
REPORT OF FUGITIVE CH4 EMISSIONS IN THE
SHORT SUMMARY TABLE
61
6B.61
SECTOR: ENERGY
Fugitive Emission- CH4 from Oil and Gas Activities Tier 1
SECTOR: ENERGY: FUGITIVE EMISSIONS (13)
MAIN
CATEGORIES
UNFCCC –NAI
SOFTWARE
Tier 1: Worksheets
Tier 2 Methods
Remarks
Methane Emissions
from Oil and Gas
Activities
1-7s1 (1)
Aggregate
production-base EF.
-New and better
Tier 1 EF were
presented in
GPG,2000 (From
North America). It
is necessary
consider regional
differences before
adopting it).
-Tier 2
Needs detailed
infrastructure data,
national EF or EF
from the general
literature (EF are
not provided in the
IPCC Guidelines).
Tier 1:
The current software provides two options
(sheet 1-7s1 from IPCC, 1996 or sheet 1-7s2
from GPG, 2000). It also contains more detailed
emissions sub-categories. Please only fill either
sheet 1-7s1 or sheet 1-7s2.
62
6B.62
SECTOR: ENERGY
Fugitive Emission- CO2 and N2O from Oil and Gas Activities
SECTOR: ENERGY: FUGITIVE EMISSIONS (14)
MAIN CATEGORIES
UNFCCC -NAI
Tier 2 Methods
SOFTWARE
Tier 1: Worksheets
CO2 and N2O
Emissions from Oil and
Gas Activities
-The software doesn't
have worksheets for
these calculations.
-Aggregate productionbase EF.
-New and better Tier 1
EFs were presented in
GPG, 2000 (From
North America). It is
necessary consider
regional differences
before adopting it).
-Tier 2
Needs detailed
infrastructure data,
national EF or EF
from the general
literature (EF are not
provided in the IPCC
Guidelines).
Remarks
- It is not possible to calculate these emissions using the
software
Suggestion: 1) Makes the calculations outside of
software; 2) Incorporates the results manually in the
Sectoral and Summary Tables; 3) Add note in the
information box of the Worksheet 1-7S1 clarifying the
used method and results obtained. Provide detailed
information in the NIR.
- The software doesn't include the possibility to apply
the Tier 2 approach.
Suggestion: If that approach is used in substitution of
Tier 1 approach, then: 1) Makes the calculations outside
of software; 2) Incorporates the results manually in the
Sectoral and Summary Tables; 3) Add note in the
information box of the Worksheet 1-7S1 clarifying the
used method and results obtained. Provide detailed
information in the NIR.
63
6B.63
SECTOR: ENERGY
Fugitive Emission- O3 Precursors and SO2 from Oil Refining
SECTOR: ENERGY: FUGITIVE EMISSIONS (15)
MAIN
UNFCCC -NAI
CATEGORIES
SOFTWARE
Tier 1: Worksheets
Ozone Precursors
and SO2 from Oil
Refining
1-8s1- 1-8s4 (4)
Remarks
If activity data are available there are not difficulties to obtain the
emissions with the software.
64
6B.64
SECTOR: ENERGY
Exercise for self evaluation 1: Fugitive emissions from
oil and gas operations (I)
Country A: Year: 2000. Worksheet 1-7s2
Data

The National Statistics Office provided the amount of crude oil and
natural gas produced during the year.

There are not actual measurements or sufficient data available to
estimate emissions using rigorous emissions source models. Detailed
infrastructure data were not provided.
Country
Year
Conventional
Crude oil
Production
(103 m3)
Natural gas
Production
(106 m3)
A
2000
155462
2150
65
6B.65
SECTOR: ENERGY
Exercise for self evaluation 1: Fugitive emissions from
oil and gas operations (II)
Other Data (Emission Factors)
Natural gas
CH4
(kg/106 m3)
Fugitive from production
2700
Flaring
11
Crude Oil
CH4
(kg/103 m3)
Fugitive from production
1400
Venting
1000
Flaring
100
66
6B.66
SECTOR: ENERGY
Exercise for self evaluation 1: Fugitive emissions from
oil and gas operations (III)
Tasks
1. Calculates CH4 emissions using the GPG 2000 Tier 1 method
(aggregate production – based EF and national production data)
and the UNFCCC – NAI software. Report the emissions in the
Sectoral report tables and the Summary Tables.
2. Fills the Table 8A (Overview Table) for the self evaluation of
quality and completeness.
3. Print the used worksheet, the Sectoral Report Table, the
Summary Tables and the Overview Table (8A)
67
6B.67
SECTOR: ENERGY
Exercise for self evaluation 1: Fugitive emissions from
oil and gas operations (IV)
RESULTS
CH4 from gas production (fugitive)
5,81 Gg
CH4 from oil production (fugitive)
217,67 Gg
Total CH4 from venting and flaring
171,03 Gg
Total CH4 from oil and gas operations
394,48 Gg
68
6B.68
Thank you
6B.69