Transcript Oracle Spatial and Oracle Locator

Oracle Location based services
Spatial and Oracle Locator
Srinivas Gudelli
CIS 764
Fall 2008
Overview
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What is Oracle Spatial and Oracle Locator?
Spatial information systems (Ex: GIS)
GIS vs. Oracle Spatial?
History and architecture
Data loading-examples
Advantages
Summary
Questions
What is Oracle Spatial and Oracle Locator?
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Oracle Spatial and Oracle Locator, is a feature in
Oracle database that stores location applications.
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Oracle locator-Standard and Enterprise Editions that
provides core location functionality.
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Oracle Spatial is an option for Oracle Enterprise
Edition that provides advanced spatial features to
support high-end GIS and Location Based System
solutions.
Oracle Locator do
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All geometric objects
– Points, lines, polygons
– 2D, 3D, 4D
Indexing (quadtrees and
r-trees)
Spatial queries
Proximity queries
Distances
Projections
Oracle Spatial do
=Locator + ...
 Geometric Transformations
 Spatial Aggregations
 Network Modeling
 Topology
 Raster
 Geocoder
 Spatial Data Mining
 3D Types (LIDAR, TINS)
 Web Services (WFS, CSW,
OpenLS)
Spatial information systems (Ex. GIS)
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Geographic Information Systems (GIS) integrates
hardware, software, and data for capturing,
managing, analyzing, and displaying all forms of
geographically referenced information.
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Evolution mainly from government, then started
development from commercial software vendors.
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Enterprise GIS offers tools to share and view the
spatial data through internet.
Geographic Information Systems
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Stores attributes, raster images, vector data
Have capability to provide business logics such as
relationships, domain values, networks, subtypes
GIS vs. Oracle Spatial
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GIS is stand-alone system.
Incompatible for e-business applications
Dual Architecture
Continued….
GIS vs. Oracle Spatial
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Fully integrated, Single Architecture.
Location analysis without GIS
Useful for corporate and business applications
GIS vs. Oracle Spatial
Oracle spatial emphasizing the Information Systems by combining the
Location information with attribute information
Continued….
Oracle Spatial
Architecture
Data type
Spatial database
Storing Spatial data in a Database
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Three types of geometry: Points, Lines, and
Polygons
Spatial data storage in Oracle
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Use SDO_GEOMETRY for vector
Use SDO_GEORASTER for raster images
Structure of SDO_GEOMETRY
SDO_GTYPE
NUMBER
SDO_SRID
NUMBER
SDO_POINT
SDO_POINT_TYPE
SDO_ELEM_INFO
SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY
SDO_ORDINATES
SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY
• Example
SQL> CREATE TABLE states (
state VARCHAR2(30),
totpop NUMBER(9),
geom SDO_GEOMETRY);
Details…. next slides
SDO_GTYPE
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Defines the geometry type
Follow DOOT rule
SDO_SRID
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SRID = Spatial Reference system ID
More than 1000 different systems
A common value: 8307
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– "Longitude/Latitude WGS84"
– Used by GPS
– Navteq and TeleAtlas data are WGS84-encoded
All geometries must have the same SRID
Different layers can have different SRID
Automatic conversion when querying
SDO_POINT and SDO_ODRINATES
Example-Point
Creating a Table
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SQL> INSERT INTO geometry_examples values
(
‘POINT’
‘'2-dimensional Point at coordinates’
SDO_GEOMETRY
(
2001,
8307,
SDO_POINT_TYPE
(
-79,
37,
NULL
),
NULL,
NULL
)
);
SQL> CREATE TABLE
geometry_examples
(
name VARCHAR2(100),
description VARCHAR2(100),
geom SDO_GEOMETRY
);
Loading Point Data
values
-79, 37 (2D)
2001-DOOT
Example 2- Polygon
SQL> INSERT INTO geometry_examples VALUES
(
'POLYGON',
'2-D polygon connecting A(Xa, Ya), B(Xb, Yb), C(Xc, Yc), D(Xd, Yd)',
SDO_GEOMETRY
(
2003,
-- SDO_GTYPE: D00T. Set to 2003 as it is a 2-dimensional polygon
32774,
-- SDO_SRID
NULL,
-- SDO_POINT_TYPE is null
SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY
-- SDO_ELEM_INFO attribute
(
1,
-- Offset is 1
1003,
-- Element-type is 1003 for an outer POLYGON element
1
-- Interpretation is 1 if boundary is connected by straight
lines.
),
SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY
-- SDO_ORDINATES attribute
(
1,1,
-- Xa, Ya values
2,-1,
-- Xb, Yb values
3,1,
-- Xc, Yc values
2,2,
-- Xd, Yd values
1,1
-- Xa, Ya values : Repeat first vertex to close the ring
)
)
);
Other spatial functions-Oracle Spatial
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Spatial query from SQL
Inbuilt geo-coding services available for know
address
All types of spatial operations can be performed
using SQL such as joining, counting and relate.
Metadata loading option.
Network analysis such routing, directions
Visualization in Map viewer
Spatial analysis such as buffering, nearest neighbor,
within distance, and contains.
Benefits
Summary
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Useful tool to add spatial features into
existing database
No extra programming skills necessary
No need to purchase GIS software's
Single database
No cost feature for Oracle Application Server
to view the maps
Supports all types of geometry such as
raster, lines, polygons
References
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Pro Oracle Spatial Book
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Fred Louiis, Sollutiion Archiitect and Ohiio Valllley.
Oracle Platform GIS & Location-Based Services.Oracle
http://www.oracle.com/technology/products/spatial/index.
html
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