Transcript Scott Orford

Understanding Wales: Opportunities for
Secondary Data Analysis
Living in Wales /
National Survey for Wales
Dr Scott Orford
WISERD Cardiff University
[email protected]
What is the Living in Wales
Survey?
• Main source of general statistical information about
households in Wales outside of the census
• Undertaken in 2004 until 2008
• About 12,000 households samples with an average
annual response of around 7,500 households (60%)
• Different households surveyed each year
• In 2004 and 2008 a property survey (HCS) also
undertaken by qualified surveyor (2,500 properties)
Questions
Themes and questions varied each year (some core)
Examples of themes:
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Current accommodation
Disability and caring responsibilities
Equalities
Financial
Home / neighbourhood
Household composition
Housing history
Internet usage
Quality of life
Tenure and housing costs
The environment
Transport
Values and opinions
Volunteering
Welsh language use
Geographical breakdowns
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One year: national breakdown
Two consecutive years: regional breakdown
Three consecutive years: LA-level breakdown
Four or more consecutive years: lower-level
geographies? (special license)
• Weights so data can be nationally representative
Identifying ‘localities’ for WISERD research
•Analysis of secondary data to identify possible localities for in-depth
research – empirically informed
•Several metrics considered (e.g. housing markets / labour market areas /
areas differentiated by socio-economic characteristics eg. cultural and
identity signifiers)
•People’s attitudes to neighbours and neighbourhoods in which they live
•Living in Wales survey
Values and opinions
Eight attitudinal questions have been asked with a likert (1-5) scale response
1. The degree to which the respondents trust the people in their neighbourhood
2. How they rate their neighbourhood as a place to bring up children
3. How often they talk to their neighbours
4. Whether they feel that they belong to their neighbourhood
5. Whether friendships with people in their neighbourhood means a lot to them
6. Whether they can get advice from their neighbours, borrow things and ask favours of
their neighbours
7. Whether they can work together to improve their neighbourhood
8. Whether they see themselves as similar to their neighbours
MSOA unit of analysis
Pooling data from all the surveys creates a large enough sample size for
analysis at the Middle Layer Super Output Area (MSOA) level (c. 35,000
records)
They have a minimum of 5,000 residents and 2,000 households with a
mean population of around 7,200.
Wales has 413 MSOAs and these will be used in this analysis to
represent neighbourhoods.
Average 74 households (sd 36) per MSOA in the pooled survey (2004-07)
Min 21 hhs per MSOA to max of 225 hhs
10th - 90th percentile range is 36 to 118 households per MSOA, the
distribution is not heavily skewed.
Cluster Analysis
•A statistical technique which classifies cases into groups based on
similarity of each case with respect to selected variables (8 attitudinal
questions) – data driven classification
•Cases in a group are more similar than cases in different groups
•Z-scores were calculated for each attitudinal variable and these were
aggregated to a population weighted average z-score for each of the
413 MSOAs
•Neighbourhood level z-scores were used in a k-means cluster analysis
based on Euclidean distance (as a measure of similarity)
•Five clusters emerged as being optimal in terms of maximising
difference between clusters and parsimony
Cluster ID
1
2
3
4
5
Distances between cluster
centres
1
2
3
4
0.98
0.70
1.51
2.59
0.64
0.83
1.88
0.84
1.95
1.14
No. of
MSOAs
90
76
136
93
18
Cluster 5 is the most distinctive and has the fewest members
Cluster 3 has the most similarity to the other clusters and has the largest
membership
Conventional
Map Area (kmsq)
Cartogram
Map Area
(km-sq)
Proportional
Difference in
Map Area
Population
2001
Rural
Rural mid- westand north-west
Wales
15552
9214
0.59
608186
2
Valleys
Valleys and
former mining
areas
1223
2045
1.67
566472
3
Semi-rural
hinterland
Suburban and
semi-rural areas
2942
3808
1.29
952310
627
1840
2.94
656505
37
303
8.29
119612
Cluster ID
1
Map Label
4
Deprived
5
Urban
Mobile
Geographical
description
Deprived – nonformer mining
areas
Inner-city
neighbourhoods
What is the National Survey
For Wales?
• Successor of LiW Survey
• 2009-2010 pilot survey
• face-to-face interviews in a randomly chosen sample
of 4,600 households across Wales.
• The survey covers the head of household and a
randomly selected adult.
• Short self-completion questionnaire for every adult
in the household aged 16 or over.
• Main themes of the survey are public services and
wellbeing
First Wave NSW
• Begin January 2012 and fieldwork will run
continuously all year around
• Two specialist research companies: TNS-BMRB
and Beaufort Research Ltd
• Aim –random sample of 25,000 households
across wales with successful response of
c.14,500 (660 per LA).
• The target response rate across Wales 70%
Three sets of questions
• Public services - local authority services, the
education system, health services, and the transport
system
• Wellbeing - five wellbeing questions by ONS
respondents’ proximity to green and blue spaces
community cohesion questions about local area
perception of quality of local neighbourhood
people are keeping up with bills, credit and debt
• Core demographic / household questions
Dates of Statistical Releases
• September 2012: headline Wales-level results
• Late summer 2013: detailed Wales-level results
Wales-level results broken down by age, gender, etc.
LA-level headline results
• Annually from summer 2014: detailed results at
Wales and local authority level
Wales-level results based on interviews in the previous financial year
LA-level results based on interviews in the previous 2 financial years
Data Access
• Micro-data at UKDA (including pilot survey
data)
• End-user license
• Special License
• Individual data records linked to SAIL through
The Health Information Research Unit (HIRU)
based at Swansea University
Further Resources
• ESDS
http://www.esds.ac.uk/
• WG LiW
http://wales.gov.uk/about/aboutresearch/social/ocsropage/living-wales/?lang=en
• WG NSW
http://wales.gov.uk/about/aboutresearch/social/ocsropage/nationalsurveyforwales/?lang=en
• WG Surveys [email protected] tel: 029 2082 3035