Transcript YAAYS_M57_10april200..

Yerkes Astrophysics Academy for Young Scientists (YAAYS)
Hubble data-mining project
10 April 2007 by Vivian Hoette and Max Mutchler
Pick a
Hubble
dataset to
prepare
as a
high-level
science
product
Hubble data mining
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A student / teacher / scientist collaboration in “real data” exploration
Coordination and communication via Moodle
Basic FITS image display and manipulation (ds9, HOU software)
Pick an object; search online archives for available data
Determine which images to include/exclude: instruments, filters,
exposure times, pointings, etc.
Measure shifts need to register (align) all images
Combine and clean data
Make color-composite image which is visually interesting and
conveys more informaton (PhotoShop with FITS Liberator)
Submit value-added data to Hubble archive as a “High Level
Science Product” (HLSP): more science-ready
Data analysis with SciSoft? Or convert to 16-bit for analysis with
HOU software?
Report analysis and results: papers, posters, talks, etc.
Searching the Hubble data archive
Ring
Nebula
Astronomers using the Hubble telescope have obtained the sharpest view yet of a glowing loop of gas called the Ring Nebula (M57
or NGC 6720), first cataloged more than 200 years ago by French astronomer Charles Messier. The pictures reveal that the "Ring"
is actually a cylinder of gas seen almost end-on. Such elongated shapes are common among other planetary nebulae, because
thick disks of gas and dust form a waist around a dying star. This "waist" slows down the expansion of material ejected by the
doomed object. The easiest escape route for this cast-off material is above and below the star. This photo reveals dark, elongated
clumps of material embedded in the gas at the edge of the nebula; the dying central star is floating in a blue haze of hot gas.
http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/1999/1999/01/
Abstract for O’Dell Workshop poster
The newly-formed Yerkes Astrophysics Academy for Young Scientists (YAAYS) is an
NSF-funded collaboration of students, teachers, and scientists at Yerkes
Observatory. We have identified archival Hubble Space Telescope (HST) observations
of the Ring Nebula (NGC 6720 or M57) for an initial excercise in the emerging field of
astronomical data mining and curation. The multi-wavelength images of this object
from the Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 (WFPC2) made it one of the best-studied
planetary nebula, and it's sheer beauty as the first Hubble Heritage release in 1999
made it an instant Hubble icon.
In recognition of this dataset's importance to both the study of planetary nebulae and
the legacy of Hubble Space Telescope, we chose to prepare and preserve it for
posterity. We have collected all available archival WFPC2 data, including some
obtained subsequent to 1999, and are converting it into a fully and expertly prepared
scientific dataset, using calibrations, methods, and software not available in the
1990s. Our treatment of this dataset will make it more immediately science-ready (and
education-ready) than the standard archival products. Further, our prepared dataset
will be ingested into the Hubble archive as a High Level Science Product (HLSP),
making it queryable by future Hubble and NVO-type data searches. We present our
prepared dataset in honor of Bob O'Dell, who has been a central figure in making
the Hubble mission a reality, and in making many groundbreaking observations of
nebulae with it (including the Ring Nebula).
Ring Nebula project
• Initial YAAYS data-mining project: an iconic Hubble Heritage dataset
(the first one) worthy of careful “curation” for posterity
• More archival data available to include now, and better software and
methods
• Resulting “high level” data will be more science-ready, and
education-ready too
• YAAYS collaborate on decisions about processing and presenting
data
• Hubble Heritage FITS data release
• Workshop poster in honor of Bob O’Dell -- former Yerkes Director,
Hubble “founding father”, and longtime Heritage collaborator
• Present final results at ASP Meeting in Chicago?
Example for
one filter (F658N):
Inspect the
input frames:
reject any?
With ds9 (or HOU):
blink-compare images,
measure shifts of
misaligned stars
Measuring shifts for image registration
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Display all input images (single_sci.fits) in ds9 with good scaling
Find any/all real stars (needles) that appear in all (or most) frames,
amid all the artifacts (haystack): cosmic rays, detector artifacts, etc.
Click on a particular star to center it, zoom in close, and align all frames (match
frames -> image); blink through all images to make sure they are all aligned
In each frame, place your cursor over where you think the center of the star is. Stars
may be pixelated (not clear exactly where the center is), but by zooming in, you can
move you cursor with fractional-pixel accuracy to estimate the x,y center (not the
RA,DEC).
Use HOU software to measure shifts more precisely? Centroid?
Record the x,y position of the star in all 8 frames
Pick another suitable star and repeat this process
Pick one image to be the arbitrary origin (0,0) and calculate
the shift necessary (delta x,y) to get all the other frames aligned to it
Repeat this process for all filters (eventually, not for now)
Have several students (or groups) independently make measurements
Determine the average shifts you measured for all stars; from all students; from all
filters. Why are they all slightly different? What shifts should we actually apply?
Stars we
can use to
measure
shifts
Image 1
Stars we
can use to
measure
shifts
Image 2
Stars we
can use to
measure
shifts
Image 3
Stars we
can use to
measure
shifts
Sum
Individual
WFPC2 image
Sum of all
WFPC2 images
Combined clean
WFPC2 image
http://archive.stsci.edu/prepds/heritage/
Release
data as a
High-Level
Science
Product
(HLSP)
Downloading ds9 and FITS data,
and making color-composite images
• SAOimage ds9:
http://hea-www.harvard.edu/RD/ds9/
• MultiMission Archive at STScI (MAST)
http://archive.stsci.edu/hst/search.php
• Hubble Heritage high level science products (HLSP)
http://archive.stsci.edu/prepds/heritage/
• Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS): http://cas.sdss.org/dr5/en/
• NASA Extragalactic Database (NED):
http://nedwww.ipac.caltech.edu/forms/byname.html
• FITS Liberator
http://www.spacetelescope.org/projects/fits_liberator/index.html