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Energy Sustainability University of Waikato Dan Coffey 14 December 2005 Sustainability – Meeting the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs New Zealand Climate Change Initiatives Foundation Policies National Energy Efficiency and Conservation Strategy New Zealand Transport Strategy New Zealand Waste Strategy Growth and Innovation Framework Specific Climate Change Policies Carbon Tax NGAs Projects to Reduce Emissions SMEs / Energy – Intensive Businesses Agricultural Emissions Forestry Synthetic Gases Key Players Government – – – – EECA Ministry for the Environment Electricity Commission NZ Climate Change Office Non Government Organisations (NGOs) – – – – – – EMANZ NZ Business Council for Sustainable Development Sustainable Business Network Electricity retailers Line companies IRHACE – New Zealand Property Institute – Others Energy Efficiency and Conservation Act 2000 Sustainability principles – Health, safety, social, economic, cultural – Maintain and enhance the environment – Needs of future generations – Treaty of Waitangi Cabinet approved the National Energy Efficiency & Conservation Strategy in October 2001 – 10 year strategy to 2012 National Energy Efficiency and Conservation Strategy Goals Reduce CO2 emissions Reduce local environment impacts Improve economic productivity Promote industry development Improve economic resilience Reduce energy deprivation Government leadership Kyoto Protocol – Reduce CO2 to 1990 levels by 2012 National Energy Efficiency and Conservation Strategy By 2012 – 20% improvement in energy efficiency – 30PJ of renewable energy EnergyWise Government Programme – – 15% government savings by June 2006 Savings of $15 million – excludes schools How much energy do we use? Total $10 - 11 billion p.a. - 8% GDP CO2 30 million tonnes p.a. - 10 million cars Government Energy Expenditure NZ GDP $130 billion Total Govt. expenditure $45 billion Health Police Direct expenditure $30 billion Energy expenditure $150 million (0.5%) Energy savings available $22 million (15%) Core Govt. Defence Schools Universities Technical Institutes Government leadership Purchasing Equipment – Approx $500 million on energy using equipment Vehicles – 10 - 15% of new vehicle registrations – Impact on what the nation drives Leadership Honeywell Performance Contract Leadership Library lighting project Benefits (Buildings) Hard benefits – Reduced operating costs – Increased asset value – Lower operating costs → increased returns → increased value Soft benefits – Improved performance – Improved environmental conditions – Improved staff productivity Energy Purchasing Specify quality at the outset Buildings Before the 1st pour – – – – – Introduction Fitouts Retrofits Small New Buildings Large New Buildings www.emprove.org.nz Appliances Energy Labels Whiteware Washing machines Dryers Air Conditioners Dishwashers Refrigerators Most Energy Efficient Products DVDs PCs TVs Copiers Stereo Multifunction devices Faxsimile VCRs Can staff make a difference? Yes Average energy use per person ‘wasteful’ occupants Other PCs “energy conscious” occupants Lighting HVAC $400 / yr $190 / yr } Savings Electricity supply chain losses Generation Transmission Distribution Customer’s “end use” Wiring 100% Incandescent Light Fitting Lamp 36% 35% 33% 33% 0.7% 64% 4% 5% 1% 98% 0.3% Primary Energy (gas) Loss Ratio 50% Useful Light Energy What can I do? Switch off when not in use Computers Switch off your computer when you go home at night (save $100 pa) Switch off your screen after work (if you can’t switch off the computer) (save $50 pa) Activate Energy Saver software on your computer where possible Buy only “Energy Star” computers Office equipment Switch off the following equipment overnight: Photocopiers 1 2 3 4 Printers Other equipment not required, eg typewriters, mail franking machines, etc Office lighting Switch off your lights if you expect to be out of the office for more than 10 minutes Put EECA “Switch Off” stickers on light switches Label light switches so people can switch off areas not in use Use a separate lamp if you need bright light for detailed work - “task lighting” Heating and air conditioning In winter: Avoid using personal heaters If temperatures are uncomfortable – call Robin In summer: Close shades when the sun is on the windows Close curtains at night ready for the morning sun Lifts Avoid unnecessary use of lifts Use stairs wherever possible Keep fit –walk up 1 floor –walk down 2 floors Motivation Issues – Energy - low priority – Staff not generally motivated by cost savings (they don’t pay the bill) – Education and awareness – staff need to know what to do – Impact staff can have on energy use? Motivation – All staff - Users or responsible for use – Success depends on motivation – Increasing awareness of environmental issues – Reducing energy consumption reduces GHG – Not all electricity comes from hydro, wind or geothermal Motivation – Education and awareness - gather material – EECA Staff training video and others – Tip Sheets – Posters, “Switch Off” Stickers – Staff involvement & feedback – Get to know your Marketing and Communications Manager – Staff awareness & publicity programmes – All channels of communication exploited e.g. internal / external, formal / informal Summary Energy costs $$ and we can all do something about it Switch Off - when not in use –computers –office equipment –lights Remember: If we all do something to make a difference, it will make a big difference: –to our energy bills –to the environment