Transcript One person`s view of why we are here.

Symposium on Knowledge Environments for Science: Past, Present and Future
Some Background for our
Deliberations
Daniel E. Atkins
Professor of Information
and EECS
University of Michigan
Ann Arbor
[email protected]
Enabling and Motivating Trends
Push
Pull
Symposium on Knowledge Environments for Science:
Past, Present and Future
• digital convergence
• structured
• processable
Enabling and Motivating a CI Initiative
ASC
PACI’s
Pittsburgh TCS
Distributed Terascale Facility
Some ITR Projects
Digital Library Initiatives
Networking Initiatives
Middleware Initiatives
Other CISE Research
Collaboratories
Scientific Data Collection/Curation
Initiatives in non-CISE Directorates
NSB Research Infrastructure Review
Initiatives in DOE, NIH, DOD, NASA, …
International Initiatives: UK e-science,
Earth Simulator, EU Grid & 6th Framework
CyberInfrastructure
Initiative
Computational
Ubiquitous appliances
Symposium on Knowledge Environments for Science:
Past, Present and Future
Content
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Digital everything; exponential growth; conversion and born-digital.
S&E literature is digital. Microfilm-> digital for preservation. Digital
libraries are real and getting better.
Distributed (global scale), multi-media, multi-disciplinary
observational. Huge volume.
Need for large-scale, enduring, professionally managed/curated
data repositories. Increasing demand for easier finding, reuse: data
mining, interdisciplinary data federation.
New modes of scholarly communication: what’s publishing? what’s
a publication?
IP, openness, ownership, privacy, security issues
Symposium on Knowledge Environments for Science:
Past, Present and Future
Interactivity
Networking - machine to machine
 Interfaces - human to machine
 Smart sensors, instruments, arrays machine to physical world
 Organizational - Interactive distributed
systems systems; knowledge (work)
environments; virtual communities.
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Symposium on Knowledge Environments for Science:
Past, Present and Future
Organizational Interactivity: Knowledge
Environments for Science, Streams of Activity
Co-laboratory, collaboratory
Virtual
communities
GRIDS (broadly defined)
E-science
Web-services
Semantic Web
CI-enabled
Science &
Engineering
Research &
Education
ITFRU
Scholarly communication
in the digital age
Science-driven pilots (not using above labels)
Components of KES
Symposium on Knowledge Environments for Science:
Past, Present and Future
Cyberinfrastructure Enabled
Science
NVO and ALMA
Climate Change
ATLAS and CMS
LIGO
The number of nation-scale projects is growing rapidly!
Cyberinfrastructure is a First-Class
Tool for Science
Four LHC Experiments: The
Petabyte to Exabyte Challenge
ATLAS, CMS, ALICE, LHCB
Higgs + New particles; Quark-Gluon Plasma; CP Violation
Data stored
~40 Petabytes/Year and UP;
CPU
0.30 Petaflops and UP
0.1 to
1
Exabyte (1 EB = 1018 Bytes)
(2007)
(~2012 ?) for the LHC Experiments
Crab Nebula in 4 spectral
regions
X-ray, optical, infrared, radio
Minutes-To-Hours
Components Of Terrestrial Biogeoscience
Chemistry
Temperature, Precipitation,
Radiation, Humidity, Wind
CO2, CH4, N2O
ozone, aerosols
CO2 CH4
N2O VOCs
Dust
Heat
Moisture
Momentum
Biogeochemistry
Aerodynamics
Water
Energy
Biogeophysics
Carbon Assimilation
Decomposition
Mineralization
Microclimate
Canopy Physiology
Days-To-Weeks
Years-To-Centuries
Climate
Phenology
Intercepted
Water
Snow
Soil
Water
Hydrology
Leaf Senescence
Species Composition
Ecosystem Structure
Nutrient Availability
Water
Evaporation
Transpiration
Snow Melt
Infiltration
Runoff
Gordon Bonan
Bud Break
Gross Primary
Production
Plant Respiration
Microbial Respiration
Nutrient Availability
Watersheds
Ecosystems
Surface Water
Subsurface Water
Geomorphology
Hydrologic
Cycle
Species Composition
Ecosystem Structure
Vegetation
Dynamics
Disturbance
Fires
Hurricanes
Ice Storms
Windthrows
Remote
Users
Laboratory
Equipment
Instrumented
Structures
and Sites
Network for
Earthquake
Engineering
Simulation
HighPerformance
Network(s)
Field Equipment
Curated Data
Repository
Leading Edge
Computation
Laboratory Equipment
Global
Connections
Remote Users
A Single Facility at
Sondrestrom, Greenland
Symposium on Knowledge Environments for Science:
Past, Present and Future
UARC Interface
instruments
computational models
Session replay
dynamic
work
rooms
team
chat
Real-time ground instruments
Archival data Journals
Symposium on Knowledge Environments for Science:
Past, Present and Future
Symposium on Knowledge Environments for Science:
Past, Present and Future
Evolved into a Facilities
Network (global instrument)
Symposium on Knowledge Environments for Science:
Past, Present and Future
UARC Patterns of
Communication
Symposium on Knowledge Environments for Science:
Past, Present and Future
Vignettes from UARC/SPARC
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Shared, tele-instruments
& expertise.
Rapid response,
opportunistic campaigns.
Multi-eyes,
complementary expertise.
Isolated instruments to
global instrument chain.
Cross-mentoring/training.
New & earlier
opportunities/exposure for
grad students.
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Enhanced participation.
Legitimate peripheral
participation.
Support for authentic,
inquiry-based learning at UG
and pre-college level.
Distributed data analysis
workshops
Session re-play for delayed
participation.
Data-theory closure.
Living specification to stretch
visions.
Symposium on Knowledge Environments for Science:
Past, Present and Future
Preparing for the Revolution
(ITFRU)
Both available at www.nap.edu
Symposium on Knowledge Environments for Science:
Past, Present and Future
Comprehensive & synergistic
view of ITFRU
Symposium on Knowledge Environments for Science:
Past, Present and Future
Some Issues
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Feedback loop between advanced computation
and need to interdisciplinary collaboration, data
and model federation.
Activities can use 4 different variations of same
and different, time and place. What activities in a
knowledge process fit best where?
“Distance matters” but technology can make it
“better than being there.”
Functional completeness; thresholds for adoption.
Potential for capture and mining of process, not
just output of a collaboration.
Educational needs; educational impact.
Symposium on Knowledge Environments for Science:
Past, Present and Future
“Borromean Ring*” teams needed
for successful KES.
Social &
Behavioral
Sciences
Computer &
Information,
Science&
Engineering
Disciplinary,
multidisciplinary
research
communities
Iterative, participatory design; collateral learning.
*Three symmetric, interlocking rings, no two of which are interlinked.
Removing one destroys the synergy.
Symposium on Knowledge Environments for Science:
Past, Present and Future
Are we at a special point in
time?
Symposium on Knowledge Environments for Science:
Past, Present and Future
• digital convergence
• structured
• processable
“Virtual” definition
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1. Existing or resulting in essence or effect though not in actual
fact, form, or name: the virtual extinction of the buffalo. 2.
Existing in the mind, especially as a product of the imagination.
Used in literary criticism of a text. 3. Computer Science Created,
simulated, or carried on by means of a computer or computer
network: virtual conversations in a chatroom.
Symposium on Knowledge Environments for Science:
Past, Present and Future
“Virtual” usage notes
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When virtual was first introduced in the computational sense, it applied to things simulated by the computer, like virtual
memory—that is, memory that is not actually built into the processor. Over time, though, the adjective has been applied to things
that really exist and are created or carried on by means of computers. Virtual conversations are conversations that take place over
computer networks, and virtual communities are genuine social groups that assemble around the use of e-mail, webpages, and
other networked resources. •The adjectives virtual and digital and the prefixes e- and cyber- are
all used in various ways to denote things, activities, and organizations that are realized
or carried out chiefly in an electronic medium. There is considerable overlap in the use
of these items: people may speak either of virtual communities or of cybercommunities
and of e-cash or cybercash. To a certain extent the choice of one or another of these is a matter of use or convention
(or in some cases, of finding an unregistered brand name). But there are certain tendencies. Digital is the most comprehensive of
the words, and can be used for almost any device or activity that makes use of or is based on computer technology, such as a
digital camera or a digital network. Virtual tends to be used in reference to things that mimic their “real” equivalents. Thus a
digital library would be simply a library that involves information technology, whether a brick-and-mortar library equipped with
networked computers or a library that exists exclusively in electronic form, whereas a virtual library could only be the latter of
these. The prefix e- is generally preferred when speaking of the commercial applications of the the Web, as in e-commerce, e-cash,
and e-business, whereas cyber- tends to be used when speaking of the computer or of networks from a broader cultural point of
view, as in cybersex, cyberchurch, and cyberspace. But like everything else in this field, such usages are evolving rapidly, and it
would be rash to try to predict how these expressions will be used in the future.
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The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition. Copyright © 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company.
Symposium on Knowledge Environments for Science:
Past, Present and Future
How do we make the virtual
more real?
Symposium on Knowledge Environments for Science:
Past, Present and Future