Transcript Building a Europe of Knowledge

EU research and innovation policy
Summerschool of Alpeuregio, 30 June 2011
Wolfgang Burtscher
DG Research and Innovation
European Commission
EUROPEAN COMMISSION - Research DG
Building a European Research Area
Article 179 Lissabon Treaty
The Union shall have the objective of strengthening its scientific and technological bases by achieving a European research area in which researchers,
scientific knowledge and technology circulate freely, and encouraging it to become more competitive, including in industry, while promoting all research
activities deemed necessary by virtue of the Chapters of this Treaty.
National
programmes
‘Open
Coordination’
Framework
programme
European
research policy
European
organisations
EUROPEAN COMMISSION - Research DG
Why research at European level?
 Pooling and leveraging resources
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Resources are pooled to achieve critical mass
Leverage effect on private investments
Interoperability and complementarity of big science
 Fostering human capacity and excellence in S&T
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Stimulate training, mobility and career development of researchers
Improve S&T capabilities
Stimulate competition in research
 Better integration of European R&D
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Create scientific base for pan-European policy challenges
Encourage coordination of national policies
Effective comparative research at EU-level
Efficient dissemination of research results
EUROPEAN COMMISSION - Research DG
FP impact on S&T and the economy
 Economic benefits
€
1
(research)
at European level
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€
4-7
(long-run, econometric models)
Reduced commercial risk
• increased turnover and profitability
• enhanced productivity and market share
 Innovative performance
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Enterprises participating in FP:
• tend to be more innovative
• more likely to patent
• co-operate with other firms and universities
EUROPEAN COMMISSION - Research DG
Budgets of the EU Framework Programmes
70
€ Billion
60
50,5
50
40
30
20
10
13,12
3,27
5,36
14,96
17,5
6,6
0
1984-1987 1987-1991 1990-1994 1994-1998 1998-2002 2002-2006 2007-2013
EUROPEAN COMMISSION - Research DG
FP7 (2007-2013) | The Structure
Cooperation – Collaborative research
Ideas – Frontier Research
People – Marie Curie Actions
Capacities – Research Capacity
+
JRC non-nuclear research
Euratom direct actions – JRC nuclear research
Euratom indirect actions – nuclear fusion and fission research
EUROPEAN COMMISSION - Research DG
FP7 – Indicative breakdown (€ million)
EUROPEAN COMMISSION - Research DG
FP7 | Cooperation
bringing together our best talents from across Europe
(researchers, industry and SMEs) to tackle the following areas:
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Health;
Food, Agriculture and Biotechnology;
Information and Communication Technologies;
Nano-sciences, Nano-technologies, Materials and new Production
Technologies;
Energy;
Environment (including Climate Change);
Transport (including Aeronautics);
Socio-economic Sciences and Humanities;
Space;
Security.
EUROPEAN COMMISSION - Research DG
Cooperation – Collaborative Research
 Under each theme there will be sufficient flexibility
to address both Emerging needs and Unforeseen policy needs
 Dissemination of knowledge and transfer of results
will be supported in all thematic areas
 The Specific Programme “Cooperation” will also feature:

Collaborative research
(Collaborative projects; Networks of Excellence; Coordination/support actions)
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Joint (European)Technology Initiatives

Coordination of non-Community research programmes
(ERA-NET; ERA-NET+; Article 169)

International Cooperation
EUROPEAN COMMISSION - Research DG
Cooperation programme - thematic areas
(€ million)
EUROPEAN COMMISSION - Research DG
FP7 | Ideas
conducting Frontier Research - The European Research Council
(ERC)
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Frontier (“basic”) Research is a key driver to innovation and economic
performance
establish the European Research Council (ERC) – the first pan-European
funding agency for Frontier Research
support investigator-driven frontier research over all areas of research
European added-value through competition at European level
budget ~ €1 billion per year (2007-2013 ~ €7.46 billion)
autonomous scientific governance (Scientific Council)
support projects of individual teams
excellence as sole criterion
EUROPEAN COMMISSION - Research DG
Ideas – Frontier Research (2)
 ERC Launch Strategy provides for two streams of funding
activities starting in 2007:

ERC Starting Independent Researcher Grant scheme (ERC
Starting Grant)
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ERC Advanced Investigator Researcher Grant scheme (ERC
Advanced Grant)
EUROPEAN COMMISSION - Research DG
ERC Annual Budget Evolution
2007 – 2013: Total 7.51 BN €
EUROPEAN COMMISSION - Research DG
The People Programme in FP7
People programme = Marie Curie Actions
From pure mobility actions to a dedicated programme for
structuring training, mobility and career development
Objectives:
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Strengthening the human potential in R&D in Europe
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Stimulate people to enter into the profession of researcher
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Encouraging researchers to stay in Europe
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Attracting researchers from around the world
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Addressed to researchers at all stages of their careers
EUROPEAN COMMISSION - Research DG
People – Marie Curie Actions
 Initial training of researchers
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Marie Curie Networks*
 Life-long training and career development
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Individual Fellowships
Co-financing of regional/national/international programmes
 Industry-academia pathways and partnerships
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Industry-Academia Knowledge–sharing Scheme*
 International dimension
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Outgoing & Incoming International Fellowships
International Cooperation Scheme
Reintegration grants;
Support to researcher ‘diasporas’
 Specific actions
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Mobility and career enhancement actions
Excellence awards
* Open to third-country nationals
EUROPEAN COMMISSION - Research DG
Marie Curie Actions: FP7 vs FP6
€4 750 million over 7 years
(50 % average increase compared to FP6)
FP6 human resources and mobility:
€1580 million over 5 years
• Continuity of FP6
• with focus on structuring impact
• Increased private sector participation
• Strengthened international dimension
• Balanced gender objective
EUROPEAN COMMISSION - Research DG
Marie Curie Actions
Main characteristics
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Open to all domains of research (bottom-up approach)
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Application through calls for proposals
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Selection criteria:
S&T quality
Quality of participants
Impact
Implementation
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Trans-national and intersectorial (IAPP) mobility
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Budget covers mainly salaries of researchers
EUROPEAN COMMISSION - Research DG
Capacities – Research Capacity
1. Research infrastructures
2. Research for the benefit of SMEs
3. Regions of Knowledge
4. Research Potential
5. Science in Society
6. Coherent development of policies
7. Activities of International Cooperation
EUROPEAN COMMISSION - Research DG
Framework conditions for next generation of
research and innovation funding
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Europe: Gaps in R&D investment and innovation compared to international
competitors
Europe 2020 strategy for smart, sustainable and inclusive growth
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Headline targets, including 3% of GDP invested in R&D
7 flagship initiatives, including Innovation Union, Digital Agenda for Europe, Resource
Efficient Europe, Industrial policy for the globalisation era and Youth on the move
Endorsed at several occasions by European Council as key for growth and jobs
Communication of European Commission on « EU-Budget Review » (19 th October
2011)
Interim evaluation of 7 th Framework Programme
The world share of the EU in R&D expenditure
has decreased by 1/5 since 1995
100
11.7%
ROW
90
13.5%
80
US
70
37.7%
33.3%
%
60
50
40
ASIA-5
21.9%
29.7%
(CN+JP+KR+SG+TW)
30
20
28.6%
23.4%
EU-27
10
0
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
Source: DG Research and Innovation
Data: Eurostat, OECD, UNESCO,
Figure 2 R&D Intensity (R&D Expenditure as % of GDP) broken down
by Private Sector
(1)
and Public Sector
2,87
(2)
, 2008
(3)
1,04
2,79
Finland
0,97
2,74
Sweden
0,70
2,49
Japan
0,72
2,11
South Korea
0,65
1,92
US (4)
0,80
1,89
Denmark
0,78
1,84
Austria
0,79
1,30
Germany
0,72
1,35
France
0,57
Belgium
1,23
0,67
EU-27
1,25
0,63
UK
1,07
0,59
0,89
Slovenia
0,73
1,32
Netherlands
0,30
Luxembourg
0,89
0,62
Portugal
0,91
0,55
Czech Republic
1,04
0,93
0,50
0,74
0,59
Ireland
Spain
0,61
0,71
0,64
Estonia
Italy
0,54
0,65
0,38
0,53
0,19
China (5)
0,40
Russian Federation
Hungary (6)
0,46
0,61
Lithuania
0,15
0,46
Latvia
0,19
0,42
Poland
0,17
0,40
Romania
0,16
0,42
Greece
0,35
Malta
0,19
0,16 0,33
Bulgaria
0,20 0,27
Slovakia
0,14 0,32
0,0
Cyprus
0,5
1,0
1,5
2,0
2,5
3,0
% of GDP
Private Sector R&D Intensity
Public Sector R&D Intensity
3,5
4,0
Innovation gap with US and Japan, emerging
countries catching up
United States
80
60
46
45
46
49
48
60
40
40
20
20
0
0
-20
"2006"
"2007"
"2008"
Japan
80
"2009"
EU
"2010"
China
30
0
-30
-60
-61
-60
-59
-57
-55
"2006"
"2007"
"2008"
"2009"
"2010"
-90
32
36
40
39
40
"2006"
"2007"
"2008"
"2009"
"2010"
-20
Percentage gaps between EU
performance (0) and other countries
across 12 indicators. Other counties,
such as India and Brazil, are
developing fast.
Source: 2010 Innovation Union Scoreboard
The EU does not get enough revenues from the world market of
technology
License and patent revenues from abroad
(% of GDP)
0.7
0.64
0.6
0.53
0.5
0.43
%
0.4
0.3
0.22
0.21
0.19
0.2
0.1
0.0
United States
Japan
2000 (1)
Notes: (1) EU: 2004.
(2) US, JP: 2008.
EU
2009 (2)
Source: DG Research and Innovation
Data: Eurostat
Shortcomings of research and innovation
funding - Interim evaluation of FP7
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Complexity - too many instruments and funding mechanisms, complex landscape
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Further simplification- less variation in rules, simpler audits and controls, avoid duplicate
information
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Better strategy for innovation – involve users, how to commercialise results, generate
impacts
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Need to focus resources – with critical mass to address the grand challenges
Broaden participation – industry, SMEs, new Member States, women, new innovation
actors
Clearer agendas - driven by scientific, industrial, social objectives
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Common Strategic Framework
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Major improvements to EU research and innovation funding for post 2013 period
Scope:
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The Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration (currently
FP7, €53 billion 2007-2013)
The Competitiveness and Innovation Framework Programme (CIP) (€3.6 billion 2007-2013)
The European Institute for Innovation and Technology (EIT) (€309 million 2007-2013)
Strengthening complementarities with the Structural Funds (€86 billion)
Coherent set of funding instruments along the whole innovation chain
Basis for far reaching simplification of rules and procedures
CSF will increase IMPACT
•
FROM different priorities in each programme and initiative
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TO common strategic priorities, focusing on
 Excellence in the science base (e.g. ERC, Marie Curie, research infrastructures)
 Tackling societal challenges such as health and wellbeing, food security, secure, clean and efficient energy, smart
transport, resource efficiency and climate, etc.)
 Creating industrial leadership and competitive frameworks (SMEs, RSFF, JU, etc.)
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FROM gaps between the stages (R&D, demonstration, market take up, etc)
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TO coherent support for projects and organisations across the innovation cycle from research to retail
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FROM difficult translation of research results into products/services
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TO stronger support for innovation, including non-technological innovation and market take up