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International Benchmarking & Openness of Cities UCLG, Durban 14 June 2011 id941 Prof. Dr. Urs Müller Direktor BAKBASEL What do we want to know? id941 Are we better than … ? 2 Content Why benchmarking? What can be benchmarked? What is your economic performance? What are your location factors? id941 3 Does openness matter? id941 Note Source 4 M un de ita n Ile po l ich In 1'000 US$ (at current prices and exchange rates) BAKBASEL Sp ai n 2000 lin 70 Be r Gr Fr ea an te ce Gr rB ea ru te ss rD el s ub lin Gr Ar ea ea te rL on do n St Fr oc an kh kf ur ol m tR he in M ai n M ila M no et ro Vi po en lit na an St ut tg ar t M W ad ES rid TE RN La EU zio RO PE (1 7) Ca ta lu ña M et ro GDP per capita 80 2009 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 id941 Note Source 5 ai n rid In % p.a. BAKBASEL a na Gr ea M te ila rD no M u bl et in ro Ar po W ea ES lit an TE RN M un EU ich RO PE (1 Ile 7) de Fr Gr an ea ce te rB ru ss el s Fr an Be kf ur rli n tR he in M ai n St oc kh Gr ol e at M m et er ro Lo po nd lit on an St ut tg ar t Vi en Ca ta lu ñ La zio Sp M ad Employment growth 5.0% 4.5% 90-00 00-09 4.0% 3.5% 3.0% 2.5% 2.0% 1.5% 1.0% 0.5% 0.0% id941 Note Source 6 ub lin Ar ea 2000 In US$ per hour worked (at current prices and exchange rates) BAKBASEL lin 80 Be r 90 La zio M ila no de Gr Fr ea an te ce M rB et ro ru po ss el lit s an M un ich Fr an M kf ad ur rid tR he in M M ai et n ro Vi po en lit na an St ut tg ar St t oc kh ol m Ca Gr ta lu ea ña te rL on W do ES n TE RN Sp EU ai RO n PE (1 7) Ile Gr ea te rD Hourly productivity 100 2009 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Economic performance profile of Madrid -- 25% 50% GDP per Capita Real GDP growth per Capita Macro Performance Population growth Real GDP growth Employment growth Labour productivity Real labour productivity growth Hourly productivity Real hourly productivity growth Madrid Note id941 Source 7 Position of Madrid within the benchmarking sample (for each indicator, percentiles) Higher values indicate a better performance BAKBASEL 75% ++ Global and continental accessibility 170 Greater Brussels 160 continental 150 Metropolitan Stuttgart Milano FrankfurtRheinMain Ile de France Greater London 140 Metropolitan Munich Berlin 130 Vienna 120 Cataluña Lazio Madrid 110 100 Stockholm Greater Dublin Area 90 102 id941 Note Source 8 104 106 108 110 Index (average accessibility of regions 2002 = 100), 2008 BAKBASEL, IVT 112 global 114 116 118 120 122 Tax burden for companies and manpower 220 USA 210 FR ES 190 Average of Included Swiss Cantons = 100 Effective Tax Burden of Companies, 200 180 170 UK DE 160 150 140 130 IT NO LUX CN AT GE NL FI DK SE 120 SLO HU 110 ZHPL SK 100 CZ SGP40 30 50 60 70 ZG 80 90 90100 80 110 120 130 IR 140 150 160 170 70 HK 60 50 Effective Tax Burden of Highly Qualified Employees (Single, € 100,000), id941 Average of Included Swiss Cantons = 100 9 BEL 180 190 200 Research for innovation: Quality of universities 0.045 0.04 0.035 0.03 0.025 0.02 0.015 0.01 0.005 id941 Note Source 10 Total scores of all Universities in region in the Shanghai Index per 1’000 inhabitants, 2009 BAKBASEL lin Be r ai n Sp rid M ad a Ca ta lu ñ La zio St oc kh Gr ea ol m te M rB et ru ro ss po el lit s an M Gr un ea ich te rL on do Ile n Gr de ea Fr te an rD ce ub lin Ar ea Fr an Vi kf en ur na tR he in M ai M n et ro M po ila W l i t ES no an TE S tu RN ttg EU ar RO t PE (1 7) 0 Economic attractiveness profile of Madrid Taxation -- 25% 50% Taxation (Companies) Accessibility Accessibility (Global) Regulation Taxation (Manpower) Regulation (Product Market) Accessibility (Continental) Regulation (Labour Market) Innovation Universities quality: TS per 100'000 inhabitants Patent density Publication density Expenditures on research and development Madrid Note id941 Source 11 Position of Madrid within the benchmarking sample (for each indicator, percentiles) Higher values indicate a better performance BAKBASEL 75% ++ Softer factors are becoming more relevant Quality of Living sum of all factors making life more or less convenient Diversity fact, that a city has people with different nationality, origin, language or religion/belief Openness capacity to attract international populations and to enable them to contribute to the future success of the city Interculturality approach to integration in cities with culturally diverse populations, encouraging greater mixing and interaction between diverse groups in the public spaces. id941 … and more 12 How to measure openness: OPENCities Monitor Values above/below 100 indicate that the performance of Cape Town in an area is better/worse than the sample average. Cape Town is above the average in the following areas: Migration Education Cape Town performs particularly lower than the average in: Barriers of entry Infrastructure id941 results for Cape Town 13 results for selected cities sample Do you know how good you are? id941 You better do! 14