Transcript Document
Presentation by Mandivamba Rukuni
ZIMASSET Awareness Seminar for Members of Parliament
Harare International Conference Centre
12-13 March 2014
Zimbabwe's biggest nutrition challenge:
Children between 6-59 months of age are
stunted
Figure 1.1a Prevalence of stunting in children 6-59 months of age, by district (WHO)
Mb i re
Hu r u ng w e
Ce n te n a ry
K ar ib a U r ba n
G u ru v e
Ru sh i n g a
Mt D a rw in
K ar o i U r b an
UM P
S ha m v a
K ar ib a
Mu d zi
Ma zo w e
B in d u ra
G o kw e No r th
Ma k on d e
Mu to ko
Zvi m b a
G o ro m o n zi
Ha r a re U rb a n
Mu r e h wa
B in g a
V icto r ia F a lls
Ch e g u tu
G o kw e S ou th
K ad o m a
S ek e
Nya n g a
Ma r o n de r a
Hw a n ge U r ba n
Ma k on i
Hw e d za
Mu ta sa
Hw a n ge
Nk ay i
Lu p a n e
Ch ik o m b a
K we kw e
Mu ta r e Ur b a n
Ch ir u m h a nz u
B ub i
G we r u
Tsh o l ots h o
B uh e r a
Mu ta r e
G u tu
Um g u za
S hu r u g wi
B ul il im a
Ch im a n i ma n i
B ul a wa yo U r ba n
B iki ta
Zvi sh a va n e
Ma s vin g o
Um zi n gw a n e
Ch iv i
Ins iza
Ch ip i n g e
Za ka
P lu m tre e
Ma n g we
Mb e r e ng w a
Ch ir e d zi
Ma to b o
Legend
G wa n d a
Mw e n ez i
0% - 19.9 %
20.0 - 29 .9%
B ei tb ri d g e
30.0% - 3 4.9%
35.0% - 4 7.8%
• Increased risk of dying from infectious
diseases (more than one-third)
• Associated with reduced school
performance equivalent to 2-3 years of
schooling
• Associated with reduced income earning
capacity (22% average; up to 45% has
been reported!)
• Increased risk of non-communicable
diseases in adult life
• Stunted girl is more likely to give birth to
undernourished baby
• Reduced GDP by 2-3%
• Stunting is irreversible!
B ei tb ri d g e U r b an
Districts w ith lo we r than e xp ected samp le size
Impaired
brain and
cognitive
development
ZIMBABWE NATIONAL NUTRITION SURVEY – 2010
N
Poor school
performance
Impaired
productivity
and earnings
Why has Zimbabwe become a nation of Traders not
Producers?
How did Agriculture lose its status as Autonomous
sector?
Why the de-industrialisation of Zimbabwe leads to
demise of Agriculture?
Can global food markets guarantee Zimbabwe’s food
security?
Zimbabwe MOST EDUCATED and MOST HARD-WORKING people on
continent BUT cannot feed itself!!
No great nation where Government and Business have no common
agenda- Learn from the BRICS-
Food is national security
Business sector- grow out of ‘self-pity’, get more organised, this is war
Educational system- we don’t need thinkers who can’t DO; need more
“THINKER-DOER” education
Religion- get rich quick syndrome breeding more greed, crooks and
criminals
Water, Roads/Rail, Electricity– are the
infrastructure backbone of the economy
Agriculture and Agribusiness – are the
economic backbone of the economy
AFRICA AVERAGE
40%
Urban
50%
60%
food consumed
by Urban
of all
marketed
food urban
WEST AFRICA
50
60
70
EAST AND SOUTHERN AFRICA
30
40
50
Beverages
Fruits and veg
Grain Millers
Grocery Manufacturers
Meat Packers
National Bakers
Pharmaceuticals
Tea Growers
Zimbabwe Sugar Associations
Stockfeeds Ass
Retailers
Leather and Allied Industries
Timber
Furniture
It is more strategic and
more sustainable to
promote and modernize
smallholder farming
Small Farms Can:
use land more efficiently
produce cheaper and more
nutritious foods
increase own incomes and
productivity
promote equity, hunger, and
poverty reduction
AND average farm size will continue to decline due to sustained
rural population growth
A1 land, in my opinion, is where land policy should
really open up to a regulated land market
A1 landowners will be the most vibrant and most
diverse commercial force in Zimbabwe’s rural areas.
The farmers are already more responsive to market
signals than A2 and large scale farmers.
These farmers won’t be stuck inflexibly to a few
commodities as with large-scale farmers.
The A1 farmers will do much more if given a
more conducive land rights regime.
These farmers will form the new frontline
commercial suppliers of manufacturing sector,
especially raw materials for food, beverage, textile and
other manufactured products.
The intermediary business sector is the source of
new growth
THE CHALLENGE
Insecure land rights and poor liquidity in the
market has compounded the challenges of
farming
The banking sector has limited understanding of
smallholder farmers and vice versa
State banks (Agribank) and parastatals have
shrunk and that may be the case for some time.
What is now needed is proper financial
intermediation
With dollarization, it is now feasible to increase
domestic savings in rural areas
Require minimum bank savings and investment
into rural sector
1.
Short-term (seasonal) finance for inputs and
working capital.
2.
Medium-term finance 2-5 years (for machinery,
irrigation infrastructure, etc.)
3.
Long-term finance 6-25 years (for land
acquisition, dams, etc.)
Decline in supply of raw materials both local and
imported.
Locally sourced raw material supply declining
The price of sourcing raw materials has also
increased significantly
Consumption
Distribution
Packaging
Processing
Farming
Public sector
Private sector
Consumption
Distribution
Packaging
Processing
Farming
Public sector
Private sector
With the provision of a Land Commission in the
new Constitution it would be strategic for the
Commission embarks on establishing a Land Bank
as well as a Land Acquisition Compensation Fund.
The two have to be completely independent but
strategically, the success of one depends on the
other.
All A2 land shpuld be on Land Bank balance sheet