Transcript Collecting and Processing the Information

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ECONOMIC CENSUSES IN MEXICO
The National Institute of Statistics
and Geography (Instituto Nacional
de Estadística y Geografía, INEGI)
is the responsible of carrying out
Economic Censuses in Mexico. The
latest ones are from 2009.
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USES OF THE ECONOMIC CENSUS DATA
National Economic Census in Mexico is the most
complete source of economic information about the
Mexican economy in a given moment.
The valuable information obtained through the
economic census, about every economic unit in
Mexico, is the main source of economic information
for the National Statistics and Geography Information
System, and gives the basis to development of many
other economic measuring: economic surveys, GDP,
Input Output table, among other.
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USES OF THE ECONOMIC CENSUS DATA
Census data allows:
• Planning public economic policies.
• Doing mark research, academic research, etc.
• But mainly provides data for every level of
geographical disaggregation, for each of the more
than 950 NAICS activities, and for a large number of
items included in the questionnaires.
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GEOGRAPHICAL COVERAGE OF EACH ECONOMIC
SECTOR
Manufacturing, commercial activities and services
• Urban areas: all establishments are included in the
census.
• Rural areas: we use a probabilistic sample (in order to
complete the global vision) .
• Large establishments are all covered, even if they are
located out of the urban areas.
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GEOGRAPHICAL COVERAGE OF EACH ECONOMIC
SECTOR
Rest of sectors (fishing, mining, electricity and water,
building activities, transportation, and financial
services)
• All establishments are covered, even if they are
located out of the urban areas.
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GENERAL COLLECTING METHOD
Two phases:
Verification
and
directories
preparation
2008
Collecting
data
MarchMarchJuly
July
2009
2009
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VERIFICATION AND DIRECTORIES PREPARATION.
2008
• Every large establishment was visited to verify:
 Identification data.
 Person who could give the information for the
census questionnaires.
 Mean to return the questionnaires.
• A “sample” questionnaire was delivered in advance
for the large establishments to prepare the data
they would be required to provide in 2009.
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VERIFICATION AND DIRECTORIES PREPARATION.
2008
• Directory set up for all large establishments. It was
called the SEG Directory.
• The same was done for building (construction) and
transportation sectors: the TC Directory.
• Another directory was prepared for fishing and
mining sectors: the PM Directory.
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COLLECTING DATA. 2009
In 2009 the census phase is taking place (and
also the data processing work has begun).
Five field working groups were created for the
data recollection, in order to complete the work in
all economic sectors; four of those groups are
decentralized, making good use of the offices
that INEGI has in each state (Mexico is divided
into 32 states), and the fifth one is centralized.
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COLLECTING DATA.
Field working groups
PYMES Group. Between March 1st and May 15th of the
current year, this group made a total territorial sweep of
urban zones, covering square block by square block,
knocking on all exterior doors and applying a unique
questionnaire (the basic questionnaire) in all the
establishments, except those which were shown in the
SEG Directory or in any of the other directories set up in
2008. Approximately 14000 people (called “censors”)
were contracted for 3 months in order to apply the
questionnaires. They received training during 2 weeks.
Among other places, a supervisor was contracted for
each 5 censors.
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COLLECTING DATA.
Field working groups.
The basic questionnaire was applied in household where
an economic activity is carried out. The PYMES Group
based its work on the use of a handheld computer
(Personal Digital Assistant, PDA), which included
digitalized cartography.
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COLLECTING DATA.
Field working groups
SEG Group. In this moment, this group is collecting the
information of all those economic units in the SEG
Directory prepared in 2008. They are also collecting data
of those establishments which, considering its size, were
transferred to them from the PYMES Group (those which
was not considered in the SEG Directory). Unlike the
PYMES Group, SEG Group is not working with a PDA,
but with questionnaires in paper (one different
questionnaire for each sector), questionnaires in Excel or
offering to the establishments the option to respond by
Internet.
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COLLECTING DATA.
Field working groups
TC Group. In this moment, also this group is collecting
the information of all those economic units in the TC
Directory prepared in 2008. They are also collecting data
of those establishments which, considering its activity (if
it is transportation or construction), were transferred to
them from the PYMES Group (and was not considered in
the original TC Directory). They work with questionnaires
in paper (one different questionnaire for each sector) and
also offering to the establishments the option to respond
by Internet.
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COLLECTING DATA.
Field working groups
PM Group. This group collected the data from all
economic units which main activity is fishing or mining, or
water transportation, making use of the PM Directory
prepared in 2008, and making use also of the
establishments transferred from the PYMES Group. In
the case of fishing units the original directory was
completed with other strategies, like covering all places
denominated arriving points of boats and fishermen, all
along seaboards. They applied questionnaire in paper
and, like the other groups, offered the option to respond
by Internet.
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COLLECTING DATA.
Field working groups
Central Offices Group. Through agreements with some
specific institutions and enterprises, the central area of
INEGI, who is responsible of the whole economic census
development, gets data from those institutions so large or
complicated that decentralized offices can’t take the
responsibility of collecting their data. This is the case of
electric industry or financial enterprises, for example.
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PROCESSING DATA
PYMES Group
COLLECTION
VALIDATION
RECONSULT
CONCENTRATES
IN LAPTOP
SEPARATES
INTEGRAL
ANALYSIS
CONCENTRATES IN
CENTRAL WEB
CLASSIFICATION
RESULTS
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PROCESSING DATA
Fishing-Mining, SEG, Transportation-Construction Groups
FOLLOW-UP AND
CONTROL
COLLECTION
RESULTS
DATA BASE
INTEGRATION
VALIDATION
INTEGRAL
ANALYSIS
RECONSULT
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INNOVATIONS IN THE 2009 ECONOMIC CENSUS
Advantages of the use of the PDA:
PDA
• The use of digitalized cartography in field.
• Homogeneity
in
the
interview’s
development.
• To incorporate a system which looks after
the consistency of the outstanding data.
• To avoid paper and manual data
validation, and a large number of field
consultations.
All the aforementioned translated into great
savings in terms of time and money.
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INNOVATIONS IN THE 2009 ECONOMIC CENSUS
.
The use of digitalized cartography in field allowed:
• The automated registration of the cartographic update,
as well as the automatic designation of the geographic
reference codes and the street names.
• The display of the streets which limit the square blocks
and signal their direction.
• The graphic depiction of establishments, block by block,
when census results are presented.
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INNOVATIONS IN THE 2009 ECONOMIC CENSUS
Simplification of the classification process:
• In the past, the censors classified based on a manual
classification process.
• This time, the censors selected, in the PDA, an option
among a list of the most common activities, and an
automated system assigned the code of the
corresponding activity.
• For the rest of economic activities, whose
classification is harder, a specialized group in the
Central Offices is carrying out the classification
process.
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INNOVATIONS IN THE 2009 ECONOMIC CENSUS
Strategy to increase the informants’ trust
• Massive promotion.
• The chance to provide data by Internet.
• Uniforms, identification and a official letter for
the censors.
• Free telephone number to verify the identity
of the censors and to solve any doubt.
• The chance to verify the identity of the
censor by checking out in Internet the
censor’s photo and identification data.
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INNOVATIONS IN THE 2009 ECONOMIC CENSUS
Anticipated delivery of sample questionnaires
In 2008 we delivered to the large establishments of
manufacture, commerce and services sectors, “sample”
questionnaires, for they to know the type of data we
were going to ask in 2009 as a part of the awareness
campaign of the census project.
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