Transcript Other Organic Compounds

Prefix
# C atoms
meth-
1
eth-
2
prop-
3
but-
4
pent-
5
hex-
6
hept-
7
oct-
8
non-
9
dec-
10
Other Organic Compounds
Alcohols
• Locate longest chain and change the final
–e in the name of the corresponding
alkane to –ol.
• Number the carbon atoms in the parent
chain so the hydroxyl groups (OH) have
the lowest number.
• Write 1-propanol
• Write 2,2 butanediol
Alkyl Halides
• F, Cl, Br, and I – are substituted for one or more
hydrogen atoms in a hydrocarbon.
• Add prefixes (fluoro for F, chloro for Cl, bromo
for Br, and iodo I to the name of the alkane
corresponding to the number of carbon atoms in
the chain. If more than one halogen is present,
add the halogen prefixes in alphabetical order. If
there is more than one atom of the same
halogen, add appropriate prefix (di, tri, and so
on).
Alkyl Halides Cont.
• If there is different halogen atoms in equivalent
positions, give the lower number to the one that
comes first in alphabetical order (similar to alkyl
groups).
• Draw condensed structures for the following:
• 1-bromo-1,3,5-trichloropentane.
• 1,1,1-trichloro-3,3-difluoropentane
• Trichlorofluoromethane (Freon 11)
• Dichlorodifluoromethane (Freon 12)
• Tetrachloromethane (carbon tetrachloride).
Aldehydes
• Locate the longest chain that contains the
carbonyl group. Change the final –e in the
name of the corresponding alkane to –al.
• Write methanal and propanal
Ethers
• Name the parent compound. The word
ether will come at the end of the name.
• Add the names of the alkyl groups. If
there are two different alkyl groups,
arrange the names in alphabetical order in
front of the word ether. If both alkyl groups
are the same, the prefix di is added to the
name of the alkyl group in front of the word
ether.
Ethers cont.
• Leave appropriate spaces in the name.
There should be spaces between the
names of the alkyl groups and between
the alkyl groups and the word ether.
• Write formula for methyl propyl ether.
• CH3–CH2–CH2 – O – CH3
Ketones
• Locate the longest chain that contains the
carbonyl group. Change the final –e in the
name of the corresponding alkane to –one.
• Number the carbon atoms so that the carbon
atom in the carbonyl group has the lowest
possible number.
• Draw condensed formulas for 2-propanone and
3-pentanone.
Carboxylic acids
• Locate the longest continuous chain that
contains the carboxyl group. If there is only one
carboxyl group, change the final –e in the
name of the corresponding alkane to –oic.
• Draw condensed formulas for methanoic acid
and butanoic acid.
Homework- 40 points
Write 10 problem w/ answers (E.C.)
• Page 679
• 1 and 2
• Page 695 (a-d)
• 37, 38, 39, 40, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47,
48
• http://en.wikipedia.org
• Chemistry textbook.