Transcript OKLAHOMA POISON CONTROL CENTER

OKLAHOMA POISON CONTROL CENTER
University of Oklahoma College of Pharmacy
Annual Report
January 1, 2001 to December 31, 2001
2001 FACTS AT A GLANCE
• 46,983 - Total initial calls.
• 32,886 - Human poisoning-related calls.
• Children 6 years and younger accounted for
18,989 poisoning calls or almost 58% of the total.
• 21,210 - Follow-up calls.
2001 FACTS AT A GLANCE
• 12,462 - Poison and drug information calls.

1,524 - Animal poisoning calls.
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68,193 - Total telephone volume of incoming and
outgoing calls.
2001 FACTS AT A GLANCE
• 80% of 32,886 human exposure cases safely
managed in the home
• Overall minimal savings = $6,540,750
26,163 cases X average ER cost ($250)
(Not including saved costs in unnecessary
physician office visits, hospital admissions,
laboratory testing, and ambulance transports )
2001 FACTS AT A GLANCE
• Operations cost $1,175,000 in FY 01 (July
2000 to June 2001) for direct expenses only.
• Of this budget, more than 90% was spent on
personnel.
• Expenses represent a cost of $25 per
poisoning or information call.
2001 FACTS AT A GLANCE
• Prevention programs and educational efforts
•
included:
42
public presentations,
35
public interviews in 2001.
18
press releases,
7 professional presentations,
5 community outreach programs,
2 professional journal articles
Additionally, 210,118 telephone stickers and
brochures were distributed to the public as well as
civic and health organizations.
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Oklahoma Poison Control Center

Administrative Director
Carl K. Buckner, R.Ph., Ph.D.

Managing Director
Lee McGoodwin, R.Ph., MS, Diplomate-American
Board of Applied Toxicology

Medical Director
William Banner, Jr., MD, PhD, Diplomate - American
Board of Medical Toxicology

Education Coordinator
Tracy N. McKeown, MPH,
Oklahoma Poison Control Center
Staff
Senior Certified Specialists, Poison Information
 Roger Blackwell, RPh, CSPI,
 Nile Clifton, Pharm. D, CSPI,
 Trudy Hefner, RN, CSPI,
 Scott Schaeffer, RPh, CSPI,
 Kimmel Stanton, MS, CSPI,
 Kerri Williams, RPh, CSPI,
Oklahoma Poison Control Center
Staff
Specialists, Poison Information
Randy Badillo, RN, CSPI Eligible 5/2003
Debbie Johnson, RN, CSPI Eligible 5/2002
Mark Madden, RN, CSPI Eligible 5/2002
Marda Riley, RN,, CSPI Eligible 5/2002
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Portrait of a Typical Poisoning Exposure
Who: Male; 2 years old
What: Cosmetics/Personal Care Prod.
Where: Own Residence
When: July; Monday; After
Evening Meal Time
Why: Unintentional, General
Caller: Parent or caregiver
Management Site: Own Residence
Medical Outcome: Minor symptoms, if any
Management:
Rinse, wipe, dilute, and observe
Age and Gender of Poisoning Victims
Exposures by Age Group 2001
5,825
5,986
Male
Female
2,611
1,957
1,216 688 463
242 42
Total
80-89 years
2,863
60-69 years
Child 6-12 years
4 years
2 years
1,288
687
2,177 2,056
40-49 years
2,637
20-29 years
2,111
<1
7,000
6,000
5,000
4,000
3,000
2,000
1,000
0
Ten Drug Categories Involved in
Overdoses
Analgesics
2805
Cold and cough prep.
1576
Topical prep.
1285
Antidepressants
1060
Sedative/hypnotics/antipsychotics
1058
Antihistamines
1032
Antimicrobials
Gastrointestinal prep.
912
759
Hormones and hormone
antagonists
698
Cardiovascular drugs
691
Numbers of exposures
Top Ten Non-drug Toxins
2934
Cleaning Substances (household)
2766
Cosmetics/personal care products
Bites and Envenomations
1860
Foreign bodies/toys/miscellaneous
1837
1743
Pesticides
1448
Plants
Hydrocarbons
947
Food products/food poisoning
946
Chemicals
Alcohols
754
679
Exposure Site
Own Residence
Other Residence
Workplace
Public area
School
Restaurant/Food Service
Other
Health Care Facility
Unknown
Number
28,694
1,682
1,060
487
416
210
199
70
68
Percent
87.25
5.11
3.22
1.48
1.26
0.64
0.61
0.21
0.21
Total
32,866
100
Site of Caller
Site of caller
Number of Human Exposures
Own Residence
26,641
Health Care Facility
3,376
Other Residence
1,158
Workplace
746
Other
680
Public Area
134
School
130
Unknown
11
Restaurant/Food Service
10
Total
32,886
Geographic Location of the Caller:
Oklahoma Counties: 2001
Geographic Location of the Caller:
Oklahoma Counties: 2000
Time of Day
Mealtimes are especially busy periods of time when
accidental poisoning occur.
The demand for emergency services is high and steady
from 10:00 A.M. to 11:00 P.M.
Less than 8 percent of calls are received after midnight,
but cases tend to be more serious.
Percent of Calls per Hour of Day
6.77
5.34
4.44
7.44
7.89
8.33
8.4
6.12
6.01
5.18 5.09
4.94 4.97
5.01
3.18
3.02
2.01
1.26
1
2
1.73
0.87 0.52
0.43
3
4
5
0.4
0.65
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
Distribution of Poisoning Calls
During the Week
4922
4806
4817
4758
4656
4465
Sunday
4462
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturday
Human Exposures by Month
January
February
M arch
April
M ay
June
July
August
Sept ember
Oct ober
November
December
2485
2326
2678
2777
2985
2990
3274
2810
2725
2811
2603
2422
Categories of Reasons for Exposures
O ther
1%
Intentional
9%
Adverse
Reaction
2%
Unintentional
88%
1,797
708
646
33
Occupational
Unknown
1,026
Food
Poisoning
Environmental
2,822
Bite/Sting
4,648
Therapeutic
Error
Misuse
General
Reasons for Unintentional Exposures
17,266
Reasons for Intentional Exposures
1,600
782
493
74
Suspected suicide
Misuse
Abuse
Unknown
Callers – Health Care Professionals
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Calls most frequently received are from
the lay public.
13.6% (4,482) of the calls came from
healthcare professionals
Exposure Calls from
Health Care Providers
2969
Hospi t al s
P hysi ci an/ Of f i ces/ Cl i ni cs
V et er i nar y/ A ni mal Hosp
A mbul ance/ P ol i ce Hazmat
RN/ LP N/ School / Occ. Nur se
Nur si ng home/ Chr oni c Car e
V ehi cl es
P har maci st s
Ot her
Det ox/ M et al Heal t h
T ot al Fr ee St andi ng E D
NP / P A / M i dwi f e/ DDS
389
253
233
137
104
70
47
39
39
21
6
Management Site
Number
Percent
Managed on site (non HCF)
Managed in HCF
Treated & Released
Adm to Critical Care
Adm to Noncrit. care
Adm to Psyc.
Lost /Left AMA
Subtotal
Other
Refused referral
Unknown
Total
26,163
79.56
3,929
510
575
394
463
5,871
89
722
41
32,886
11.95
1.55
1.75
1.20
1.41
17.85
0.27
2.20
0.12
100
Medical Outcomes of Poisoning Exposures
Medical outcome
No effect
Minor Effect
Moderate Effect
Major Effect
Death
Death, indirect report
No follow-up, nontoxic
No follow-up, min.tox.
Unable to follow, toxic
Unrelated effect
Total exposures
Numbers of Exposures
5,540
4,786
821
120
12
1
3,062
16,853
780
911
32,886
Agents Responsible for Death or
Moderate to Major Outcomes
144
Sedative/hypnotics/antipsychotics
135
Analgesics
128
Bites and Envenomations
117
Antidepressants
70
Stimulants and street drugs
Chemicals
55
Cleaning Substances
55
Antihistamines
55
Alcohols
53
Cardiovascular drugs
50
1998-2001 Comparisons
Activities
2001
Total number of human exposure:
Total number of animal exposure:
2000
1999
1998
32886 29146
29423
27675
1524
1300
1043
918
Total number of informational calls: 8177
10007
8817
9933
Total number of pill identifications:
4285
3886
3076
5007
Total # of calls from all categories
46983 44339
42359
43533
Total number of return calls:
21210 18087
18070
22459
Total number of calls & return calls: 68193 62426
60419
65994
1998-2001 Comparisons
Activities
2001
2000
1999
1998
Number of Press Releases
18
14
11
13
Number of Total Ed. Presentations
54
31
26
54
Other PR/Interviews, etc
35
20
16+
16
Public Service Announcements
2
n/a
n/a
n/a
E-mail Responses
11
n/a
n/a
n/a
Prevention Mtgs/Committees
26
n/a
n/a
n/a
Conferences
3
n/a
n/a
n/a
Community Outreach/Displays
5
n/a
n/a
n/a