Transcript CDR Presentation

The Can Crusher
Group 12
Stanley Andrews
Brandon Jefferson
Motivation
• Wanted to incorporate more electrical design
into the idea of the “Can Crusher”
• Use pneumatic cylinders (3 pneumatic cylinders
in this project)
• Thought it would be something different from
previous senior design projects
Objectives
• Step 1: Can or water bottle is placed into the trash can. Can/Water bottle
enters hopper and waits for it to be identified by the optical and reflective
sensor.
• Step 2: Rotary cylinder rotates the object and sends it down the ramp.
• Step 3: Sorter determines route of the object based on feedback from the
sensors.
• Step 4: If object is a water bottle, the pneumatic cylinder will extend,
adjusting the direction of the sorter
• Step 5: If the object is an aluminum can, it will be routed towards a push
cylinder and crushed
• Step 6: Push cylinder crushes the aluminum cans and sends remains to the
storage bin
• Step 7: Process continues until storage sensor alerts operator that storage
bin is 90 %filled.
• Step 8: Once storage reaches 90%. Can crusher goes into “Stop” mode.
Items from storage bin, can then be removed.
Features
• Fully automatic can crusher and sorter
• Detect when an object is placed in the hopper
• Be able to distinguish between an aluminum can and a
water bottle
• Sort the water bottle into a separate storage bin from
the aluminum cans
• Be able to crush the aluminum cans and put into storage
bin
• Detect when the storage bins are full
• Have three different modes “Standby”, “Operational”,
“Stop”
Hopper
Hopper
• Where the bottle and cans will be
placed
• Be able hold 16.9 FL oz. water bottle
and 12 - 16 oz. aluminum cans
• Two sensors will mount to detect the
object inside the hopper
Sensors
• Parallax Ultrasonic Sensor
• Reflective Optical Sensor
Parallax Ultrasonic Sensor
• Part a) is the ideal circumstance
you would want to be in. The
sensors should be facing the
object on a level plane
Parallax Ultrasonic Sensor
PING Ultrasonic Sensor
Detector Type
Ultrasonic
Dimensions
16 x 46 x 22(mm)
Peaking
Operating
distance
2-3 (cm)
Supply Current
30 mA
Voltage
5V
Reflective Optical Sensor
Banner SM2A312LV
TCRT5000 Reflective Optical
Sensor
Detector Type
Retro-reflective
Detector type
Phototransistor
Dimensions
66 x 12.2 x 30.7
(mm)
Dimensions
10.2 x 5.8 x
7(mm)
Peak operating
distance
50mm – 2m
Peak operating
distance
2.5 mm
Output current
Minimum of 5 mA
Output current
1 mA
Voltage
24- 240 V AC
Emitter
Wavelength
950 nm
Voltage
5V
Reflective Optical Sensor
• Get the best results (peak
operating distance) at 2.5 mm
• One of the challenges will be to
get it close enough to the
object stored in the “hopper”
Aluminum Cans/ Water bottles
Terms of Service
• We ask that all contents are empty
• All objects must be placed horizontally in the
hopper
• By default system will be in “standby mode”,
once an object is placed inside, the system will
go into operational mode
• If storage bin is full no objects can be placed into
the system
Design Overview
Hopper
Hopper
Sensors
Sensors
Rotary
Cylinder
Ramp
Sorter
Rotary
cylinder
Can
crusher
Aluminum
Can
Sorter
Storage
bin
Design Overview
• The idea is called
the “Swinging
lid”
• Uses pneumatic
cylinder to be
able to “swing”
the lid and alter
the objects path
• Routes
Aluminum Cans
to Can Crusher
• Routes Water
bottles to storage
bin
Sorter
Motors/ Air Compressor
Electric motors
Air Compressor
Pros
• Uses Standard Outlet
• Option to convert AC to DC
• Very Compact and small to
maneuver and place anywhere
Cons
• Most motors only have one
speed
• No way to speed up or slow
down the project
• Very Expenses for high power
motors
• Only can
Pros
• Uses a Standard Outlet
• Able to adjust the air pressure
• Ability to control the speed of the
motor by the PSI
• Option to convert AC to DC
• Not to expensive economy for the
budget
• Can use air solenoid valves that can
control of a multiple operated air
pressure components
Cons
• Tank will have to be refilled when low
on air
• Will need multiple air hoses
• Very big hard to hide and maneuver
• Very loud when filling up the tank
Air Compressor
Horsepower (HP)
0.33
Tank Capacity
(Gallons)
2.0
Tank Type
Portable
Voltage
120 V
Amps (Amps)
2.0
Pneumatic cylinders
• Rotary Cylinder
• Mini cylinder (sorter)
• Double Acting Cylinder (can crusher)
Kevinkrusher 11.0
KevinKrusher II.0
Chamber Length
PSI
Cylinder Type
Mounted
Price
6 1/2" minimum
60 -120
Double action 2.0 bore x 6.0
stroke cylinder
Vertical or Horizontal
$157.00
Can Crusher
• Double Action Stroke
Pneumatic Cylinder
• Max Pressure: 1.0 Mpa
• Diameter: 8.5mm (Approx.)
• Thread Rod Diameter: 9mm
(Approx.)
• Size: 4.5 x 4.5 x 32cm/ 1.8" x
1.8" x 12.6"
Mini Cylinder
•
•
•
•
Double Action
Max Pressure: 1.0 Mpa
Diameter: 8.5mm (Approx.)
Thread Rod Diameter: 6mm
(Approx.)
• Size: 1.5 x 1.1 x 1.5cm/ 0.5" x
0.4" x 0.6"
Cylinders
Air Solenoid
Type:
2 Position 5 way
Voltage:
12V DC
Power
2.5W
Current
.208 Amps
Valve Fittings:
1/8" BSPT
(British standard
pipe tapered)
Total Needed
3
Micro Controller
Operating Voltage 5 V
Input Voltage
(recommended)
7-12 V
Input Voltage
(limits)
6-20 V
Digital I/O Pins
14
Analog Input Pins 6
DC Current per
I/O
40 mA
DC Current for
3.3V Pin
50 mA
Flash Memory
32 KB
Clock Speed
16
Arduino Uno
ATMEGA 328
Arduino Uno Schematic
Storage Bins
• Two storage bins
• Aluminum Can and Water
Bottle
• Each bin will have Parallax
Ultrasonic sensor
• Once storage reaches 90%.
Can crusher goes into “Stop”
mode
Enclosure
Trash Can
Cabinet
LEDs
Yellow
Green
Red
• Standby Mode
• Default
• Operational mode
• Stop Mode
Blinking
Red
• Indicates to user when
the Aluminum Can
storage bin is full
Blinking Red
• Indicates to user when
the water bottle
storage bin is full
LED Schematic
Power Supply
120 AC
Transformer
AC/DC
• +- 12V
• +-5V
12 V DC
• Air Solenoid (3)
5 V DC
• Microcontroller
• LEDs
• Sensors
Power Supply Schematic
V1
D1
T1
120 Vrms
60 Hz
0°
1N4001G
Q1
2N2608
C1
1000µF
HB1
IO1
IO2
R1
10kΩ
IO3
Can Crusher
R2
10kΩ
IO3
Actutator
D2
Q3
2N2608
C2
1000µF
1N4001G
Q2
HB2
IO1
IO2
R3
R4
10kΩ
4.7kΩ
2N3905
D3
U1
LM7805CT
115:12:12:12:12
1N4001G
C3
1000µF
R5
10kΩ
Q5
2N2608
R7
10kΩ
LINE
VREG
VOLTAGE
Q4
R6
COMMON
4.7kΩ
HB3
R8
10kΩ
HB4
IO1
IO2
IO3
IO4
R9
Q6
4.7kΩ
MicroController
2N3905
IO1
IO2
IO3
Rotating Cylinder
2N3905
Work Distribution
Stanley Andrews
Brandon Jefferson
Power Supply
Solenoids/ Cylinders
Printed Circuit Board
Sensors
Microcontroller
Printed Circuit Board
Software Implementation Software
Implementation
Budget
Nomenclature
Cost (each)
Number
Total Cost
Optical Sensor
$29.99
3
95.35
TCRT5000 Reflective
Sensor
$1.00
10
$10.00
Double Acting Cylinder
$29.99
1
$38.46
Mini Cylinder
$16.47
1
$21.61
$40.00 – $55.00
1
$60.00
Air Solenoid
$11.20
4
$57.54
Air Valve Fittings
$1.48
14
$26.63
Air Valve Mufflers
$1.19
8
$15.05
$1.99-$3.50
5
$20.00
$12
1
$14.78
Air Compressor
$99.99
1
$105.98
PCB
$65.00
1
$65.00
Rotary Cylinder
LEDs
Development Board
Miscellaneous
Total Cost
$100.00
$1040
$630.40
Progression
Research
Design
Prototype
Testing
Overall
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Issues
• Clear object detection
• Sorter
• Software Design
Questions