Transcript Internal components of Computer Systems

Computer Components
COMPUTER COMPONENTS
Ms Jennifer
COMPUTER PARTS
• PSU
• UPS
• Internal components
• Drives
• Ports
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PSU (POWER SUPPLY UNIT)
PSU Specifications
• Apart from connecting the
power switch to the
computer to switch the
computer on, the PSU
regulates the input and
output voltage capacity.
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PSU – Outside view
WHAT HAPPENS WHEN A THUNDER
HITS YOUR COMPUTER DEVICES?
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UPS (UNINTERRUPTABLE POWER
SUPPLY)
• UPS allows your computer to run for a definite
(short) amount of time after the power is
turned off suddenly. For example: power cuts.
(power failure)
• Voltage surges and spikes - When the
voltage on the line is greater than it should
be. Example thunders.
• Voltage sags - Times when the voltage on the
line is less than it should be.
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• Total power failure - Times when a line goes
down or a fuse blows somewhere on the grid
or in the building
INTERNAL COMPONENTS OF COMPUTER
SYSTEMS
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DESKTOP COMPUTER
• CPU
• Motherboard
• RAM
• Hard Disk
• Graphics card
• Expansion slot
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CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT (CPU)
• The CPU processes and executes
all the instructions of the
computer. The main functions of
the CPU are: Fetch, Decode and
Execute.
• The CPU is the primary factor of
the system performance on
speed (how fast instructions are
executed. The CPU clock is
measured in gigahertz per
second.
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MOTHERBOARD
• The motherboard contains
all the wiring necessary for
all the computer
components to
communicate with each
other.
• The internal components of
the computer are all
connected with and
through the motherboard.
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RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY
(RAM)
• The RAM is the main memory of the
computer and it is the place where
current instructions are stored for
faster access by the CPU.
• The RAM is volatile, which means
that once the computer is switched
off, all the instructions inside the
main memory are lost.
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GRAPHICS CARD (VIDEO CARD)
• Graphics card are mainly used to
enhance the computer efficiency in
processing video images in gaming
software and high definition videos.
• Some Motherboards have built in
Graphics cards.
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HARD DISK (MAIN STORAGE)
• Hard disk drives store data permanently
unless data is intentionally erased by the
user.
• The HDD - Hard disk drives use magnetic
fields to store data on a spinning disk.
• The SSD – Solid state drive uses
interconnected flash memory chips to
retain (store) the data.
• All system software and applications
installed on the computer are stored and
saved on the Hard Disk (HDD or SSD).
Both SSD and HDD retain data after the
computer is switched off. i.e. data is nonvolatile.
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EXPANSION SLOT
• Expansion slots are empty slots on
the motherboard used to add
additional functionality to the
computer with extra expansion
boards.
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TYPES OF DRIVES
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HDD DRIVE
• HDD drive is the hard disk of
the computer and it is non
volatile, which means that
data stored in it will remain
after the computer is
switched off.
• Hard disk drives use
magnetic fields to store
data on a spinning disk.
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SSD (SOLID STATE) DRIVE
• SSD Drives, like magnetic HDD
drives are non volatile.
• SSD drives are usually faster
than HDD drives, but the
amount of storage capacity
does not exceed HDD drive to
date.
• SSD drives save data in special
types of micro chips which are
non volatile.
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CD / DVD ROM
• CD/ DVD ROM are readonly optical devices.
• CD / DVD ROM use lasers to
read the pits and lands on
the surface of a disc
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CD / DVD BURNER
• Unlike CD / DVD ROM (read
only), the CD/ DVD Burner
are read / write optical
devices.
• Like CD / DVD ROM, they
also use lasers to read and
write lands and pits from the
disc surface.
• They are also suitable to
back up data.
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COMPUTER PORTS
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COMPUTER PORTS
• USB (Universal Serial Bus) port. This port is used to connect external
devices to your computer and normally comes in size of half-inch
long.
• VGA (Video Graphics Array) port. This port is used to connect system’s
video card with monitor. This connector holds 15 holes.
• Serial port is use for single line communication from sender to receiver.
Serial port takes 32 bit parallel signal and converts it to 32 bit serial
stream.
• Parallel ports (IEEE) are used to connect printers and similar hardware.
The connector holds 25 pins. Unlike Serial port, it is a two way
communication port (to / from sender and receiver).
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COMPUTER PORTS
• Ethernet (network) port are used to connect to a network by a
modem, router, hubs and switches.
• Power connector port is used to connect power cable in power
socket.
• PS/2 port is used to connect keyboard and mouse. Today, most new
keyboards and mice connect via a USB port instead.
• DVI stands for digital video interface and it is used to enhance video
quality of flat LCD panel monitors.
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