Transcript A PROJECT ON LINE FOLLOWER

A vacational project done by some curious student of 1st Year
CSE
It is a matter of huge pride for us to be a part of this
reputed institution. We came in this institution with many dreams and goal.
One of such dream was to do project works. But our first inter semester
project “LINE FOLLOWER” would have not been possible without the
guidance of our beloved and respected professors.
We would love to acknowledge our deep sense of gratitude
to “Prof. Ashoke Kumar Majumdar” and “Prof. Tripuresh Debsingha” for
guiding us throughout this project work and encouraging us to do our work.
We are also extremely thankful to all of the non teaching
staff of Mech. Workshop, namely “Sanjib Kr. Roy”, “Ashok Kr. Das” and
“Ranajit Patra”. It would have been impossible for us to complete this project
without their selfless support.
We thank to reciprocate the kindness shown by “Dr.
Sumanta Bhattacharya”, Officer in Charge, GCETTS , “Dr. Prabal Kumar
Majumdar” , HOD of first year and Textile dept. “ and “ Mr. Kishan Kundu,
HOD of CSE dept. for giving us the approval of the project.
Mechatronics is the combination of Mechanical engineering,
Electronic engineering, Computer engineering, Software engineering,
Control engineering, and Systems Design engineering in order to
design, and manufacture useful products .
Mechatronics is a multidisciplinary field of engineering, that
is to say it rejects splitting engineering into separate disciplines.
French standard NF E 01-010 gives the following definition:
“approach aiming at the synergistic integration of mechanics,
electronics, control theory, and computer science within product
design and manufacturing, in order to improve and/or optimize
its functionality".
Robotics is the branch of technology that deals with the design,
construction, operation, structural disposition, manufacture and
application of robots. Robotics is related to the sciences of
electronics, engineering, mechanics, and software.
We can get a vivid idea about our topic from its name
“Line follower”. It is an automated system, which is nothing but
a small robot that automatically follows a drawn path. The
colour of the drawn track must be dark ones. It is a simple
project, which has been made with few logics and some basic
concept of electronics and mechanics. But our project work
would be of immense use in industry. It could be used to carry
any material from one place to another, reducing manual
labour.
•In sensor part, LED has been used in reverse biased mode.
•Two stage amplification has been done here.
•In the logic part , Op Amps have been used in Comparator
mode.
•Here pulse width modulated supply has been given to the Op
Amps as supply voltage.
•Here , Darlington transistors have been used to amplify the
voltage output of the OpAmp and to supply the amplified power
to drive the motor.
Circuit Diagram
Working Principle:
•Case 1:
Comp
arator
White
Black
White
Sensor
Part
Logic
Part
Comp
arator
Goes straight forward
Power
Amplifier
Enables
Right
Motor
Power
Output
Part
Power
Amplifier
Enables
Left
Motor
•Case 2:
Black
Black
Power
Amplifier
Comp
arator
White
Sensor
Part
Enables
Right
Motor
Power
Output
Part
Logic
Part
Comp
arator
Power
Amplifier
Turns left
Disables
Left
Motor
•Case 3:
Comp
arator
Black
Black
White
Sensor
Part
Logic
Part
Comp
arator
Turns right
Power
Amplifier
Disables
Right
Motor
Power
Output
Part
Power
Amplifier
Enables
Left
Motor
Kaleidoscope
of Our
Journey…
Lights of Success
•A mechanical hand may be prepared, so that it may pick a
thing up from a place, then put it on itself and could reach to
the desired destination.
•The circuit could be provided with a battery back up.
•With our gain in knowledge in microcontroller, we will use that
concept for further improvisation.
•With our gain in knowledge in communication engg., we will
try to develop a wireless remote controlled system.
•A web cam may be placed on the top of the body to trace any
sort of desired subject.
•Actually we will go to any extent to develop our project in such
a way, that it would be able to cater the needs of a huge part of
industry.
•This project has been done in remarkably low budget.
•Only 3 ICs have been used in the total project i.e. IC 555, IC 741, IC
7805.
•Even the wheels were not bought from market. Rather it had been
prepared from some waste household materials.
•Here, general purpose Op amp has been used but its shortfalls had
been bypassed by using certain common sense and by implementing
certain simple concept of electronics . However if precision Op Amps
are used , then we would get more accurate result.
•The main fact of our project is that only those things that had been
taught in our first year classes has been applied in this project.
We stepped into this institution 1 years ago with loads of dreams
in our eyes. This is our first project . We have applied our
theoretical knowledge , that we had learnt in our classes of first two
semester ,in this project . This is only our start . We would continue
applying our theoretical knowledge in our future project as much as
possible. We are really lucky to have such loving professors to guide
us through our college life . For us we will continue doing our work
and we would always remember these two lines:
“And miles to go, before I(we) sleep.
And miles to go , before I(we) sleep.”