Transcript Energy Harvesting Module - Renesas e

Energy Harvesting Designs with RL78
Todd Baker, Regional Technical Director
Future Advanced Engineering Group
Class ID: CL20I
Renesas Electronics America Inc.
© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
Presenter: Todd Baker
 Regional Technical Director
 Based in Austin, TX
 Manages application engineering team south
central U.S., Mexico, and South America
 Renesas technical champion for Future
 Previous experience
 5 Years as Field Applications Engineer
 5 Years as Design Engineer
– Embedded control, vehicle information management, outdoor solar
lighting
 2 Years as Factory Engineer working on fiberglass doff robotics
 Education
 B.S. Electronics Engineering, Texas A&M University
 M.S. Engineering Management, University of Texas
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© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
Renesas Technology & Solution Portfolio
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© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
FES Energy Harvesting Platform
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© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
Agenda
 Introduction
 What is energy harvesting?
 Future energy harvesting platform overview
 Maximum power point tracking in solar applications
 Lab
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© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
What is Energy Harvesting?
Energy harvesting . . . is the process by which energy
is derived from external sources (e.g., solar power,
thermal energy, wind energy, salinity gradients, and
kinetic energy), captured, and stored for small,
wireless autonomous devices, like those used in
wearable electronics and wireless sensor networks.
(Source: Wikipedia)
 Why now?
 Green is IN… companies are looking for new ways to appeal to
consumers and businesses.
 Companies worldwide are investing in R&D dollars to develop
new energy harvesting products and support ICs.
 The technology is final at the tipping point to justify the increase
implementation costs vs. the technology benefit.
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© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
Future Electronics’ Energy Harvesting Platform
 Future’s Energy Harvesting platform is designed to…
 Train customers on how to design a energy harvesting system
 Showcase new low power technologies
 Allow flexible development overtime to showcase market trends
 What will we provide design engineers?
 Energy Harvesting Platform for internal testing for a period of
time
 Complete design files & design assistance
 Access to new energy harvesting technologies
 Performance estimates and BOM costs of energy harvesting
 Development of customer specific modules / circuits for qualified
opportunities
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© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
Program Overview
 Boards developed and designed by
Future Electronics System Design
Center
 Available for loan and demonstration
from your local Future Electronics
Branch
 Future Partner Number: TLP-EHP1
 Resale Price: $500
 Kit updates will occur every 6 months
 Kits are available for purchase w/o
case
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© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
Energy Harvesting Platform
ENERGY STORAGE
PV solar
RF
DC/DC
Power
Conversion
Vibration
Thermal
Battery
OR…
Fuel Cell
OR…
Super Cap
ENERGY SOURCE
RF Module
OR…
Application
Sensor Node
OR…
Light Engine
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© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
DC/DC
Power
Conversion
Why
For Energy Harvesting?
 Energy harvesting applications need:
 Low Power consumption in application circuitry
 Low Power consumption in harvesting power conversion circuitry
(MPPT, etc)
 RL78 meets the needs on both sides!
 Best operating current levels
– 66uA/MHz
 Incredibly low power states
– 230nA w/ RAM retained
 Wide operating range
– 1.6V to 5.5V
 Snooze mode peripheral operation
– Can result in 30% power savings (ADC)
 Highly integrated – Few external parts needed!
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© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
Energy Harvesting Platform
Indicates
Energy Flow
M
=
Measurement
Circuit Block
R
=
Relay Block
Application
DC/DC
Module
Energy
Storage
Module
Harvesting
DC/DC
Module
M R
Energy
Harvesting
Module
M R
M
Micro Adaptor
Module socket
Mother Board
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© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
R
M R
Micro Adaptor
Module
Mini USB
Application
Module
Mother Board and Processor Module
Indicates
Energy Flow
M
=
Measurement
Circuit Block
R
=
Relay Block
Application
Application
DC/DC
DC/DC
Module
Module
Energy
Storage
Module
Harvesting
DC/DC
Module
M R
Energy
Harvesting
Module
M R
M
Micro Adaptor
Module socket
Mother Board
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© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
R
M R
Micro Adaptor
Module
Mini USB
Application
Module
Mother Board and Processor Module
 Read IDs of the attached modules
 Ensure the platform is performing within the voltage and
current limits of the system
 Read and process the current and voltage measurements for
each module
 Control the relays on the mother board
 Store the measurement data to a SD Card and/or transmit
the data to the PC interface
 System can accept up to 30V and 2A
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© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
MCU Module
Indicates
Energy Flow
M
=
Measurement
Circuit Block
R
=
Relay Block
Application
DC/DC
Module
Energy
Storage
Module
Harvesting
DC/DC
Module
M R
M R
M
R
M R
Application
Module
Energy
Harvesting
Module
Micro Adaptor
Module socket
Mother Board
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© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
Micro Adaptor
Module
Mini USB
3.3v
Power provided from motherboard.
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Micro Adaptor
Module
GPIO lines for
controlling system.
I2C Bus
SPI Bus
UART Port
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© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
Signals to / from the mother board
Micro Adaptor Module
Energy Harvesting Module
Indicates
Energy Flow
M
R
=
Measurement
Circuit Block
=
Relay Block
Energy
Harvesting
Module
M R
M R
M
Micro Adaptor
Module socket
Mother Board
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Application
DC/DC
Module
Energy
Storage
Module
Harvesting
DC/DC
Module
© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
R
M R
Micro Adaptor
Module
Mini USB
Application
Module
Energy Harvesting Module
 Sharp LR0GC02 Solar Panel
 Open circuit voltage (Voc):
 5.7V Typical, 5.2V Min
 Short circuit current (Isc):
 75mA Typical, 62mA Min
 Maximum power voltage (Vpm):
 4.5V Typical, 3.8V Min
 Maximum power current (Ipm):
 65mA Typical, 48mA Min
 Maximum power (Pｍ):
 300mW Typical, 240mW Min
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© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
Energy Harvesting Module
Output voltage and current to the DC/DC
block
On board EEPROM stores
I2C data
I.D. number, calibration
data, etc.
Energy
Harvesting
Module
Memory select from micro
Temp sense for MPPT
SCR001
Basic function:
Sharp LR0GC02
Harvest ambient solar energy
Vo (Max) (V)
5.7
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Io (max) (mA)
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© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
Impp (mA)
65
Vmpp (V)
4.5
Pmpp (mW)
300
Harvesting DC/DC Module
Indicates
Energy Flow
M
=
Measurement
Circuit Block
R
=
Relay Block
Energy
Harvesting
Module
M R
M R
M
Micro Adaptor
Module socket
Mother Board
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Application
DC/DC
Module
Energy
Storage
Module
Harvesting
DC/DC
Module
© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
R
M R
Micro Adaptor
Module
Mini USB
Application
Module
Ideal World Solar Harvesting
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© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
Causes of Solar Harvesting Inefficiency
 Temperature
 Higher temperature increases series resistance of panel
 Shading on panel
 Non irradiated cells have high impedance and lower current
output

 Storage System Voltage Level
 Solar panel output voltage will match level of the battery
 This generally will not allow maximum power output of panel
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© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
Causes of Solar Harvesting Inefficiency
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© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
Maximum Power Point Tracking
PWM
Output
VSP
Boost
Converter
Circuit
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ISP
Maximum Power Point Tracking Algorithm
 Perturb and Observe Methodology Utilized
PWM
Output
Calculate Present Power
VSP
PPresent - PPast
Did Power Increase?
No
Yes
Was Duty
Cycle
Raised?
No
Raise DC
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Was Duty
Cycle
Raised?
Yes
Drop DC
Yes
Raise DC
© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
No
Drop DC
ISP
Benefits of MPPT on Solar System
 Vastly improved utilization of solar panel energy
 Faster recharge rates
 Limited only by losses in MPPT circuitry
 Reduce the number of panels required in system
 Can be modified to easily implement added safety features
 Monitor for overcurrent conditions and shut down
 Should not be utilized in systems with ultra low power
requirements
 Losses from MPPT circuit power eliminate any efficiency
advantages
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© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
Harvesting DC/DC Module
Power output to the energy
storage solution.
Memory Select from Micro
Over voltage info from storage
Harvesting
DC/DC
Module
I2C data
On board EEPROM stores I.D.
number, calibration data, etc.
Power input from the energy
harvesting source.
Board Part Number:
EHAR-002
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Basic function: Provide stable voltage
and current to the energy storage block
Quotient Current
Vi (Min)
Vi (Max)
Ii
(Max)
2.5mA
3.4V
5.7V
40mA
© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
Vo (Max)
Io (Max)
5V
90mA
Energy Storage Module
Indicates
Energy Flow
M
=
Measurement
Circuit Block
R
=
Relay Block
Energy
Harvesting
Module
M R
M R
M
Micro Adaptor
Module socket
Mother Board
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Application
DC/DC
Module
Energy
Storage
Module
Harvesting
DC/DC
Module
© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
R
M R
Micro Adaptor
Module
Mini USB
Application
Module
Energy Storage Module
 Illinois Capacitor: 105DCC5R5ZMH
 Very fast charge/discharge cycling
 WVDC: 5.5 Volts DC
 SVDC: 6 Volts DC
 Operating temperature: -25°C to +70°C
 Maximum stored energy: 15.125 Watt hours
 Maximum Current: 2.75 Amps (1 second discharge to 1/2 the
rated voltage)
 Operating Current: Amps (5 sec discharge to 1/2 rated voltage)
 Load Life: 1000 hours at 70°C with 100% of rated voltage
applied
 RoHS compliant and IEC 62391 compliant
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© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
Energy Storage Module
Memory select from micro
Over voltage info from storage
Energy
Storage
Module
Output of energy harvesting DC/DC module
Input to application DC/DC module
I2C data
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On board EEPROM stores I.D.
number, calibration data, etc.
STR001: Two 2F Super Caps
Basic Function:
105DCC5R5ZMH
Store the harvested energy
Quotient Current
Vi (Max)
Vo (Max)
Capacitance
15uA
4.5V
4.68V
2F
© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
Application DC/DC Module
Indicates
Energy Flow
M
=
Measurement
Circuit Block
R
=
Relay Block
Energy
Harvesting
Module
M R
M R
M
Micro Adaptor
Module socket
Mother Board
30
Application
DC/DC
Module
Energy
Storage
Module
Harvesting
DC/DC
Module
© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
R
M R
Micro Adaptor
Module
Mini USB
Application
Module
Application DC/DC Module
Power output to the
application module
Memory Select from Micro
Harvesting
DC/DC
Module
I2C data
On board EEPROM stores I.D.
number, calibration data, etc.
Power input FROM the energy
storage source
Board Part Number:
APDC001
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Basic Function: Provide stable voltage
and current to the application module
Quotient Current
Vi (Min)
Vi (Max)
Vo (Max)
Io (Max)
35uA
0.85V
5V
3.3V
200mA
© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
Application Module
Indicates
Energy Flow
M
=
Measurement
Circuit Block
R
=
Relay Block
Energy
Harvesting
Module
M
R
M R
M
Micro Adaptor
Module socket
Mother Board
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Application
DC/DC
Module
Energy
Storage
Module
Harvesting
DC/DC
Module
© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
R
M
R
Micro Adaptor
Module
Mini USB
Application
Module
Application Module
Power output from the app
DC/DC module
Application
Module
Memory select from micro
I2C data
Board Part Number:
APP002
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Vi (Max)
Ii (Max)
3.3V
64mA
On board EEPROM stores I.D.
number, calibration data, etc.
Basic Function: Provide stable voltage
and current for the app module. The
resistive load allows user to test different
power conditions and external PWR pins
are provided.
© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
Application Module
Smart Pixel Display
Comm for Power
Mode Control
Joystick
 Remote Access Panel or Remote Control
 RL78 powered from super capacitor array on Energy Storage Module
 Keypad and joystick used for user interface with appropriate output
to smart pixel display
 User can utilize different power modes of RL78 to monitor behavior
on energy harvesting platform software Interface
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© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
Begin Lab w/
Future Electronics Energy Harvesting Platform
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© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
Questions?
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© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
Please Provide Your Feedback…
 Please utilize the ‘Guidebook’ application to leave feedback
or
 Ask me for the paper feedback form for you to use…
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© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
Renesas Electronics America Inc.
© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
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© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.