Transcript Vital Signs Monitor Powerpoint Presentation for 2010

Vital Signs Monitor
UConn BME 4900
Vital Signs Monitor
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Purpose
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As the population ages, many
people are required by their
doctors to take vital signs on a
daily basis.
Developed for the average
person to use at home.
Vital signs transmitted to a
computer and ultimately to a
doctor.
Measurements
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What can it measure?
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Electrocardiogram
(ECG)
 Three leads (Right
arm, left arm, right
leg)
What is an ECG?
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Records a time waveform of heart electrical
activity.
Used to diagnose heart problems
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Arrhythmia
Myocardial infarction
Conduction blocks (bundle branch block)
ECG Trace
Cardiac Electrical Activity
The ECG Waveform
Measuring Electrical Activity
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3 leads
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2 arm
1 leg
As cardiac muscle depolarizes it creates
a potential on the skin
Potential measured as a vector
Difference between right and left
electrode measured with a differential
amplifier.
Measuring Electrical Activity
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Circuit consists of:
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3 op amp differential amplifier
Low pass filter (Cutoff: 0.05 Hz)
High pass filter (Cutoff: 160 Hz)
Gain Amplifier
Differential Amplifier
Feedback
Amplifier
Differential
Amplifier
Buffer
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What does the buffer do?
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Provides a high input impedance which means low current flow
What is the purpose of C2 and C3?
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Remove DC offset
Offset would be amplified by 1000x
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10 mV at 1000x gain = ~10V
Differential Amplifier
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V1 & V2 are in the
microvolt range
We need it to be in the
milivolt range so Rf/R1 is
set to ~1,000
1st Order LPF
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The ECG is known to be a
low frequency signal
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Usually less than 100Hz
A LPF can be used to
remove the high frequency
noise in the signal
High Pass Filter
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ECG frequency range ~0.05 Hz – 150 Hz
Why do we need to eliminate frequencies <0.05
Hz?
Avoid distortion of the ST wave
Microprocessor
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Provides Analog to Digital (A/D) conversion
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Waveform y(t) sampled at a fixed rate Δt
Voltage read every Δt and converted to a number
If resolution is 8 bits
8
 Gives us 2 = 256 counts over 5V range
 ~19.5 mV per count
Patient Isolation
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Bluetooth is wireless technology
Bluetooth provides separation of the patient from
the equipment and line source
Very important to protect patient from electrical
shock
Labview Software
Labview Requirements
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Receive serial data from bluetooth
Display raw and filtered EKG
Calculate heart rate