Transcript Unit 05

Section 2: Safety, Tools and
Equipment, and Shop Practices
Unit 5: Tools and Equipment
Objectives
• After studying this chapter, you should
be able to:
– Describe hand tools used by the airconditioning, heating, and refrigeration
technician
– Describe equipment used to install and
service air conditioning, heating, and
refrigeration systems
General Hand Tools
• In general, it is a good idea to buy the
best tools that you can afford
• Good hand tools will usually carry the
guarantee of replacement if they are
broken during regular use
General Hand Tools (cont’d.)
• Screwdrivers include:
– Phillips tip
– Straight or slot blade
– Offset
• Several standard screwdriver bit types
– Examples: keystone, hex head, clutch
head, square recess
General Hand Tools (cont’d.)
• Wrenches
– Socket with ratchet handle
– Open end, box end, or combination
– Adjustable open end
– Ratchet box
– Pipe
– T-Handle hex keys
General Hand Tools (cont’d.)
• Pliers
– General purpose
– Needle nose
– Side cutting
– Slip joint
– Locking
General Hand Tools (cont’d.)
• Hammers
– Ball peen
– Soft head
– Carpenter’s claw
• Portable electric drill
– Cord type
– Cordless
Specialized Hand Tools
• Assorted nut drivers
• Flare nut wrenches
• Air conditioning and refrigeration
reversible ratchets
– Hex
– Box wrench
Specialized Hand Tools
(cont’d.)
• Inspection mirrors
– Stainless steel
– Glass telescoping
• Wire stripping and crimping tools
• Stapling tackler
Tubing Tools
• Tubing cutters
– Modern tubing cutter
– Large diameter tubing cutters
• Inner–outer reamers
• Deburring tools
Tubing Tools (cont’d.)
• Flaring tools: have a flaring bar, yoke,
and a feed screw with a flaring cone
• Swaging tools
– Punch type
– Lever type
– Die type
Tubing Tools (cont’d.)
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Tubing brushes
Tubing shears
Pinch off tools
Metalworker’s hammer
Specialized Service and
Installation Equipment
• The gauge manifold
– One of the HVAC/R technician’s most
important pieces of equipment
– Can read pressures on both the high- and
low-pressure sides of the system
– Can read pressures below atmospheric on
the low-pressure side of the system
– Can be of the two-valve or four-valve
variety
Specialized Service and
Installation Equipment (cont’d.)
• Electronic thermistor vacuum gauge
– Measures the vacuum in a refrigeration
system during the evacuation process
– Can measure a vacuum down to 50
microns or 0.050 mm Hg
• 1,000 microns = 1 mm Hg
– As a vacuum is pulled on a system the
micron level will drop
Specialized Service and
Installation Equipment (cont’d.)
• Vacuum pump
– Designed to remove air and
noncondensable gases from an airconditioning or refrigeration system
Refrigerant Leak Detectors
• Halide leak detector
– Used with acetylene or propane gas
– The flame heats a copper disc
– Combustion air is drawn through a tube
– The open end of the tube is passed over
fitting or piping
– When a leak is detected, the flame will
change color (from blue to green)
Refrigerant Leak Detectors
(cont’d.)
• Electronic leak detectors
– Contain refrigerant-sensitive elements
– Reacts to leaks with rapid beeping
• Additive used with a high-intensity
ultraviolet lamp
– Pipes will glow at the point of the leak
• Ultrasonic leak detectors
– Detect the sound of escaping refrigerant
Refrigerant Leak Detectors
(cont’d.)
• Other tools used in detection and repair
– Thermometers
– Fin straighteners
– Heat guns
– Hermetic tubing piercing valves
– Compressor oil charging pump
– Soldering and welding equipment
Refrigerant Leak Detectors
(cont’d.)
• Other tools (cont’d.)
– Sling psychrometer
– Motorized psychrometer
– Nylon strap fastener
– Air velocity measuring instruments
– Air balancing meter
– Carbon dioxide (CO2) and oxygen (O2)
indicators
Refrigerant Leak Detectors
(cont’d.)
• Other tools (cont’d.)
– Combustion analyzer
– Combustible gas leak detector
– Draft gauge
– Volt-ohm-milliammeter (VOM)
– AC clamp-on ammeter
– Megohmmeter
– Digital electronic manometer
Refrigerant Leak Detectors
(cont’d.)
• AC clamp-on ammeter
– Used to measure current flow
– Clamps around one conductor of the circuit
– The meter can also be used to measure
voltage and resistance
Refrigerant Leak Detectors
(cont’d.)
• Volt-ohm-milliammeter (VOM)
– Often referred to as a multimeter
– Measures volts, ohms, and amps
– Come with a number of features, options,
and accessories
Miscellaneous Tools and
Equipment for Specialized
Needs
• Other tools:
– Schrader core remover and replacer
– Quick couples, low loss fittings and adapter
hoses
– Capillary tube cutter
– Refrigerant recovery pliers
– Service wrench and adapters
– Hand held refractometer
Miscellaneous Tools and
Equipment (cont’d.)
– Fan blade puller
– Refrigerant tank heater
– Ice bucket
– Refrigerant tank transporter strap
– Liquid chargers
– Flare cut-off tool
– Thermal imaging gun
Summary
• Air conditioning, heating, and refrigeration
technicians should be familiar with
available hand tools and equipment
• Always use tools and equipment properly
and for the jobs for which they were
intended
• Improper tool usage can result in
personal injury