Transcript Power Stations - Noadswood Science

Power Stations
D. Crowley, 2008
Power Stations

To understand how power stations generate electricity
Electricity

Electricity is supplied to the
home at 230V, and this
electricity is converted into
other forms of energy, e.g. heat
and light

Complete the worksheet
working out the electricity bill
between December 1st and
September 1st (the top reading
is the day usage, charged at 8p
per unit and the bottom reading
is the night usage, charged at
1.5p per unit)
Electricity

Day units = 1455 (59948 – 58493)

Night units = 500 (4984 – 4484)

Day cost = £116.40 (1455 x 8)

Night cost = £7.50 (500 x 1.5)

Overall cost = £123.90
Power Stations

Most of the electricity we use is generated from non-renewable
sources of energy (coal, oil, gas and nuclear) which are burnt in a
boiler releasing heat energy

This heats up water, changing it to high pressure steam

This steam drives turbines which are attached to a generator which
spins around producing electricity
Smart Meters
Clipbank - News Bite
‘The Government wants every home in
the UK to be fitted with new smart
energy meters by 2020.’

Why do you think the
Government are aiming to do
this?
Power Stations
Turbines spin generators, producing electricity
Steam drives turbines
Boilers turn water into steam
Transformers modify the voltage to what is needed
Generators

Generators induce a current by
spinning a coil of wire inside a
magnetic field, or by spinning a
magnet inside a coil of wire

As this happens, a potential
difference (voltage) is produced
between the ends of the coil,
which causes a current to flow

One simple example of a
generator is the bicycle dynamo
Power Stations

Your task is to create a poster showing how a power station works
using the materials provided

For example:  Crushed carbon rods for the coal
 Cotton wool for the steam
 Straws used for turbines and pylons
 Etc…
High Voltage

Complete the high voltage
worksheet
High Voltage
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Radio; torch; iPod; mobile phone etc…
Kettles; washing machine; television; cooker etc…
Electricity from a cell is a much lower voltage and does not supply
as much energy – mains is the opposite, having a higher voltage
and supplying more energy
The National Grid consists of wires which carry electricity arounf
the country
To keep energy loses as small as possible
A transformer is a machine which changes the voltage of the
electricity
A factory will need more energy for the large machinery
Stay away from metal objects; do not shelter under isolated trees;
shut yourself away in a vehicle etc…