Transcript Alpican

Alpican
Titre de capacitors
la présentation
en Arial, 45
F.Dupré
09/11/2012
EDIA DIVISION
WHY POWER FACTOR CORRECTION?
 To run properly an installation needs active and reactive energy
 Utilities set penalties if reactive energy used is too high (no interest for them to
supply it)
 This is often measured considering power factor or cos φ
 Installing PFC systems allows to avoid penalties by increasing cos φ (by
supplying reactive energy)
cos φ
0,7
Penalties
0,95 (Example)
No penalties
DEPARTEMENT
DIVISION EDIA
2
WHY POWER FACTOR CORRECTION?
kW
Real power = 100 kW
After = 33
kVAr
kVA
Apparent
power
Before =
100 kVAr
kW
PF  cos( ) 
kVA
Only without harmonics
 Power Factor Calculations
Saved power
Reactive power
φ
kVAr
Capacitance added
= 67 kVAr
37 kVA
• Before PF = 100/142 = 0.70 or 70 %
• After PF = 100/105 = 0.95 or 95%
 Example:
 before power factor correction cos φ = 0,7 (100/142)
 using power factor correction system provides reactive energy,
expressed in kVAr, apparent energy decreases
 new cos φ = 0,95 (100/105), penalties are cancelled as target cos φ
is reached
DEPARTEMENT
DIVISION EDIA
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FIXED AND AUTOMATIC SYSTEMS
 Fixed system : for constant loads, ex: motors (20% of applications)
 Reactive energy supplied is linear
kvar
 Automatic system : for variable loads (80% of applications)
 Reactive energy supplied varies according to the load (kW)
kvar
DEPARTEMENT
DIVISION EDIA
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LOCATION OF PFC SYSTEMS
DEPARTEMENT
DIVISION EDIA
COMPONENTS FOR PFC SYSTEMS
contactor
switches
the steps
on/off
capacitor
power factor
controller:
monitors the
steps to reach
target cos φ
capacitor
step
DEPARTEMENT
DIVISION EDIA
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TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ALPICAN
 Capacitors declined in 400V, 415V, 440V and 480V (nominal voltage)
 Legrand 6 digits ref no.
 Powers from 5 kvar to 30 kvar
 3 phase 50 Hz / 60 Hz
 Life cycle up to 100 000 hours
 Overcurrent capability: 1.3 In
 Inrush capability: up to 200 In
 Conform to IEC 60831-1&2
DEPARTEMENT
DIVISION EDIA
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BENEFITS OF THE RANGE
 Dielectric: self healing polypropylene film
 In case of short circuits, the film repairs itself (to a certain limit), preventing the
destruction of the capacitor
 This is a first level of protection
DEPARTEMENT
DIVISION EDIA
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BENEFITS OF THE RANGE
 Impregnant: non PCB semi-dry resin
 Reduces the risk of leaking
 Reduces the risk of fire as there is no liquid inside (oil)
 Vacuum technology insures perfect electrical contacts as there is no moisture
inside
DEPARTEMENT
DIVISION EDIA
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BENEFITS OF THE RANGE
 3 pole in overpressure disconnector
 Prevents the capacitor from bursting if pressure inside is too high
 Special design allows smooth pressure increase and safe disconnection of
fuses
 “Pop up” deformation avoids brutal opening
 Dedicated “cut off” zones and arc extinguisher
DEPARTEMENT
DIVISION EDIA
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BENEFITS OF THE RANGE
 Terminal connection
 Straight forward connection
 Protection against electric shocks (IP 20)
 Cable cross section up to 16 mm²
DEPARTEMENT
DIVISION EDIA
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BENEFITS OF THE RANGE
 Discharge resistors
 Discharge capacitor and prevent from electric shocks
 Need to switch capacitor in automatic systems
 Pre mounted, time saving for assembly
 Made in ceramic:protection against electric shocks (IP 2X)
 Centered position allows connection of capacitor on both sides
DEPARTEMENT
DIVISION EDIA
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BENEFITS OF THE RANGE
 Mounting bottom stud
 The stud forms a solid permanent earthing
DEPARTEMENT
DIVISION EDIA
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REFERENCE NUMBERS
Range 400 V
Ref. No.
Range 415 V
Ref. No.
Range 440V
Ref. No.
Range 480 V
Ref. No.
2.5 kVAr
4 151 60
2.5 kVAr
4 151 69
2.5 kVAr
4 151 78
5 kVAr
4 151 88
5 kVAr
4 151 61
5 kVAr
4 151 70
5 kVAr
4 151 79
10.4 kVAr
4 151 89
6.3 kVAr
4 151 62
6.3 kVAr
4 151 71
6.3 kVAr
4 151 80
12.5 kVAr
4 151 90
7.5 kVAr
4 151 63
7.5 kVAr
4 151 72
7.5 kVAr
4 151 81
15 kVAr
4 151 91
10 kVAr
4 151 64
10 kVAr
4 151 73
10 kVAr
4 151 82
20.8 kVAr
4 151 92
12.5 kVAr
4 151 65
12.5 kVAr
4 151 74
12.5 kVAr
4 151 83
25 kVAr
4 151 93
15 kVAr
4 151 66
15 kVAr
4 151 75
15 kVAr
4 151 84
30 kVAr
4 151 94
20 kVAr
4 151 67
20 kVAr
4 151 76
20 kVAr
4 151 85
25 kVAr
4 151 68
25 kVAr
4 151 77
25 kVAr
4 151 86
30 kVAr
4 151 87
Products stocked in Verneuil
DEPARTEMENT
DIVISION EDIA
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DIMENSIONS OVERVIEW
85x348
30 kVAr
85x273
20 kVAr
85x198
15 kVAr
12.5 kVAr
75x198
10 kVAr
7.5 kVAr
75x160
Example for 440 V range
25 kVAr
2.5 kVAr
63.5x129
mm
5 kVAr
63.5x154
6.3 kVAr
DEPARTEMENT
DIVISION EDIA
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COMPOSITION OF A CAPACITOR BANK
 An automatic capacitor bank is made of steps with different powers expressed
in kvar
 Example: 100 kvar ( at 400V) cabinet made of:
 Step 1: 12.5 kvar (4151 65)
 Step 2: 12.5 kvar (4151 65)
 Step 3 : 25 kvar (4151 68)
 Step 4 : 50 kvar (2x 4151 68)
DEPARTEMENT
DIVISION EDIA
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PRODUCTS ASSOCIATED TO ALPICAN
 Those products needed to build automatic capacitor banks can be sold
together with Alpican to provide added value:
 power factor controllers: select the steps in automatic systems to reach the
targeted power factor
 contactors: switch steps in automatic systems
 detuned reactors: protect capacitors against harmonics if the network is
polluted (speed variators, UPS etc..)
Power
factor
controllers
Detuned reactors
CTX-C
contactors
DEPARTEMENT
DIVISION EDIA
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DEFINITION OF HARMONICS
 Short definition for harmonics
• Harmonics are current or voltage with frequencies of n x Nominal
Networks frequency (50 Hz or 60 Hz) added to this nominal frequency
• They are generated by non-linear loads like electrical equipment with
power electronic (converters, inverters,…) or variable impedance load
using electric arcs
• They can be measured with THDi (current) and THDu (Voltage) values
expressed in %
+
Order 1 (50 Hz) = fondamental
Order 3 (150 Hz)
=
+
+
+
Order 5 (250 Hz)
Order 7 (350 Hz)
Order 9 (450 Hz)
DEPARTEMENT
DIVISION EDIA
DETUNED REACTORS ASSOCIATED
Power (kvar)
440/400V
Ref. No.
Reactor 189 Hz
Associated
capacitor
Range 440V
Power (kvar)
480V
Ref. No.
Reactor 135 Hz
Associated
capacitor
Range 480V
10 kVAr/ 8 kVAr
SAH-4.31-16.2
4151 82
12.5 kVAr
SAH-8.1-15.7
4151 90
12.5 kVAr / 10 kVAr
SAH-3.45-20.2
4151 83
25 kVAr
SAH-4.05-28.9
4151 93
25 kVAr / 20 kVAr
SAH-1.73-40.4
41 51 86
50 kVAr
SAH-2.02-62.8
2x41 51 93
50 kVAr / 40 kVAr
SAH-0.86-80.8
2x 4151 86
100 kVAr
SAH-1.35-94.2
3x 4151 93
75 kVAr / 60 kVAr
SAH-0.58-121.2
3x 4151 86
100 kVAr / 80 kVAr
SAH-0.43-161.6
4x 4151 86
 Detuned reactors are protecting capacitors against harmonic pollution of the network
(expressed in THDU % and THDI %)
There are connected in series with Alpican
 For general applications  Range 189 Hz/p%=7
 When harmonic rank 3 is important  Range 135 Hz/p%=14
DEPARTEMENT
DIVISION EDIA
ITEM NUMBERS FOR CONTACTORS
CTX-C
ref. No.
Up to 12.5 kvar
296 05
Up to16.7 kvar
296 15
Up to 20 kvar
296 25
Up to 30 kvar
296 35
Up to 45 kvar
296 45
Up to 55 kvar
296 55
 For capacitors banks without detuned reactors, contactors with series
resistors have to be used (CTX-C contactors)
 For capacitor banks with detuned reactors, power contactors can be used
DEPARTEMENT
DIVISION EDIA
ITEM NUMBERS FOR CONTROLLERS
Number of controlled steps
Ref. No.
Up to 4
Alpetc4
Up to 6
Alptec6
Up to 12
Alptec 12B
 Controllers monitor the steps within automatic capacitor banks
 Exist in 4,6 and 12 steps devices
DEPARTEMENT
DIVISION EDIA
CHOICE OF CAPACITORS
 Powers of capacitor is proportional to ratio of square voltages
 Ex : 30 kvar at 440V = 25 kvar at 400V , (440²/400²)*25= 30
Un
50 Hz
60 Hz
440 V
30 kvar
36 kvar
415 V
27 kvar
32 kvar
400 V
25 kvar
30 kvar
U12 U 22

P1
P2
Frequency effect : + 20 %
 Selection to be made according to the grid, 400V, 415 V etc..
 When used with detuned reactors, voltage increases so it is necessary to
upgrade the rated voltage of capacitor
DEPARTEMENT
DIVISION EDIA
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CHOICE OF CAPACITORS
 Example
 Installation with network voltage of 400V
 Need for 20 kvar, no harmonic pollution, choose capacitor 400V/ 20 kvar :
 4151 68
 Same installation but with harmonic pollution where reactors are necessary
 Choose capacitor in 440V rated voltage + associated reactor: (25 kvar 440V =
20 kvar 400 V)
 4151 86 + SAH-1.73-40.4
DEPARTEMENT
DIVISION EDIA
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A COMPLETE RANGE OF CAPACITORS
 Access range: Alpican
 for all type of sites
 Premium range: Alpivar²
 can sometimes substitute Alpican for sites with high technical constraints
(industry)
DEPARTEMENT
DIVISION EDIA
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SEGMENTS
Small commercial
Large commercial
Industry
 Alpican can be sold on nearly all segments in commercial and industrial areas
 All installation need power factor correction systems
DEPARTEMENT
DIVISION EDIA
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CUSTOMER TARGETS
 Distributors: stock fixed capacitors, for flow business
 Panel builders, generalists or specialists in PFC, they use capacitors to
assemble automatic banks
DEPARTEMENT
DIVISION EDIA
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ADDED VALUE IN POWER DISTRIBUTION
 PFC can represent up to 10 % of added value in a power project in addition to
others products: ACBs, MCCBS, transformers, busbars…
 Most countries worldwide consider penalties for reactive energy, increasing
need for energy will emphasis it
 ROI for installations is quite fast with a maximum of around 2 years
DEPARTEMENT
DIVISION EDIA
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COMPETITORS
 International electrical distribution leaders
 focus on big project
 propose a complete power package including PFC
 International PFC specialists
 have international presence but some strong areas as per their country of origin
 propose either components (capacitors) or complete systems (capacitor banks)
 Locals manufacturers
 only present on their domestic markets, have an aggressive price policy
DEPARTEMENT
DIVISION EDIA
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PRICE POSITIONING
Major power
distribution
leaders
price
International
specialists
Local
integrators
quality
DEPARTEMENT
DIVISION EDIA
TOOLS AVAILABLE
Alpican leaflet
Samples
Technical data sheets
Pricing tool
DEPARTEMENT
DIVISION EDIA
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