Transcript From Surviving System Black

Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011
The Cell Controller Pilot Project (CCPP):
From Surviving System Black-Out
to Market Support
Energinet.dk
 Spirae Inc
 Energynautics GmbH
 SE

MARTENSEN – DE – Session 4 – 1221
Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011
CCPP: Background
Blackout experience due to transmission
system failure
 Large amount of Distributed Energy
Resources in Denmark
 Further increasing share of renewable
energy sources in the future
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MARTENSEN – DE – Session 4 – 1221
Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011
CCPP: Objectives
Surviving transmission system black-out
by safely transitioning into island operation
 TSO support: Virtual Power Plants
for active and reactive power independently
 DNO Support: Advanced voltage control
 Platform for market aggregators
of distributed generation resources
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MARTENSEN – DE – Session 4 – 1221
Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011
CCPP: The Pilot Cell
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60 kV grid cell below one 150/60 kV transformer
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13 each 60/10 kV substations with tap changer
controlled transformers
5 CHP plants / 15 synchronous generators, total
installed capacity of 32.5 MW
 47 Danish-style wind turbines, total installed
capacity of 37 MW
 Rural area, villages and small cities (>1000 km²)
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MARTENSEN – DE – Session 4 – 1221
Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011
CCPP: Project Status
Started in 2005
 Field Tests with reduced-sized Cell in 2008
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Field tests using the entire Cell in 2010
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Grid-connected and island functions
Grid-connected functions
Final field tests using the entire Cell in 2011
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Grid-connected and island functions
MARTENSEN – DE – Session 4 – 1221
Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011
CC Functions: Market Operations
To be used by Power Balance Authorities
 Group and dispatch of CHPs or Wind Turbines
 Multiple Markets:
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Day-ahead scheduling
Merit order dispatch based on price information
Up-regulation and down-regulation
Automatic dispatch validation against power
system/component limits
MARTENSEN – DE – Session 4 – 1221
Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011
CC Functions: DNO Voltage Control
Conventional distribution systems use only
transformer tap changers for voltage control.
 The Cell Controller uses reactive power
setpoints of distributed energy resources first,
where available.
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Reduced wear on tap changers
Smoother voltage for consumers and generators
MARTENSEN – DE – Session 4 – 1221
Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011
CC Functions: TSO Virtual Power Plants
Controlled load flow at single point of connection
 Active Power VPP
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Reactive Power VPP
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Automatic asset dispatch to meet setpoint
Disables Market Operations
Uses assets dispatched by other means
Reduces voltage control to tap changer control
Consideration of local system/component limits
MARTENSEN – DE – Session 4 – 1221
Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011
CC Functions: Emergency Island
Based on receipt of external trigger signal
 Balance load and generation
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Load/generation shedding if necessary
Open the Cell circuit breaker (within <5 seconds)
 Automatic voltage & frequency control in island
 Automatic load restoration
 Resynchronization
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MARTENSEN – DE – Session 4 – 1221
Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011
Field Tests 2010: DNO Voltage Control
Blue: DNO Preferred Operating Voltage Ranges (and changes)
Red: Nominal Voltage Set Point and Actual Values
Holsted CHP
Generator Reactive
Power Production
MARTENSEN – DE – Session 4 – 1221
Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011
Field Tests 2010: Reactive Power VPP
TSO operator request reactive power set point of -7 MVAr
Tap changer operations at different 60/10 kV substations
TSO reactive power import/export disabled
Measured reactive power
MARTENSEN – DE – Session 4 – 1221
Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011
Field Tests 2010: Active Power VPP
MARTENSEN – DE – Session 4 – 1221
Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011
Conclusions
All originally envisioned functions implemented
and tested in simulations and in the field
 Grid-connected functions working in 2010
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Minor improvements for 2011
Grid-connected functions comprehensively field
tested in May 2011 with success
 Island functions to be field tested in June 2011
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MARTENSEN – DE – Session 4 – 1221
Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011
Outlook
Cell Controller Pilot Project is concluded with
final field tests 2011.
 Possible further deployment of the Cell
Controller system on the island of Bornholm
 Future distribution systems will provide
further/improved distributed control resources
that can be utilized by the Cell Controller.
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MARTENSEN – DE – Session 4 – 1221