Transcript Integration of a wind farm into the utility grid

VERGNET S.A.
INTEGRATION OF A WIND FARM
INTO THE UTILITY GRID
Eric ANDRIEU, Electrical Design Department Manager
Pierre PESNEL, Export Manager
18 – 20 October 2006
Thank you
for welcoming us
in Jamaica !
What will we talk about?
 Who is VERGNET today ?
 Our experience in the Caribbeans
 Grid connection & Protection
plan of wind farms
 Scada System
THE VERGNET GROUP
 Created in 1989
 100% private
 2 plants in France
 More than 90% of turnover abroad
 By history and culture, VERGNET’s
focuses in cyclonic and isolated areas.
 A new product range, the GEV MP
(275 kW)
Vergnet in the Caribbean
Guadeloupe :
• 17 people, dedicated to O&M
• 10 wind farms / 5 locations
• > 20 MW
• 50 GWh / year
Martinique
• 4 wind turbines
• 1,1 MW
Vergnet in Guadeloupe
 > 10 % of the island’s energy
 Electric solutions with EDF
 Maintenance « in the vicinity of the
wind Farm »
Vergnet in the Pacific
 New Caledonia :
 15 people, dedicated to O&M
 7 wind farms / 4 locations
 More than 25 MW installed power
 50 GWh / year produced
 Fidji Islands :
 1 wind farm under construction
 Commissionning: Q1/2007
 37 WTG, 10 MW, very cyclonic
area
In the Pacific :
 New projects in progress
The anti-cyclonic GEV MP – 275 kW
Original technological solutions
GEV MP
A light original architecture
 55 m or 60 m hub height
 26 to 32 m Two-Blades rotors
 Pitch regulated
 Teetering Hub
 Down Wind
 Guyed Tilting Tower
Very small foundations:
 15m3 concrete
 anchored on micro-piles
Asynchronous generator, 2 speeds
Flexible, then earthquake resistant
VERGNET GEV MP
Adaptation to Island’s contexts
Hurricane protection
 The WTG can be tilted down into
protection position.
 Same position is used for
assembly and maintenance.
Landscape integration
Adapted Logistics
 The GEV MP is lighter than other
turbines of the same size
 All parts fit in 20’ and 40’ containers
 Installed with usual trucks and 25
tons cranes
 Nacelle with blades: 8.7 tons
Tower : 12 tons
Very light Civil Work
Per Wind Turbine :
 9 drillings, 6’’ diameter, for
the anchorages
 Approx 15 m3 concrete
Easy maintenance
 Maintenance performed from the
ground
 Blade cleaning in the ground at each
maintenance
 No need for a special crane to
change heavy components
Simple electrical works
 Each WTG features a shelter, for
 WTG control
 LV/MV transformer
 Cos Phi control
 MV cables in trenches link the
WTGs to the dist. substation
 An optic fibber links all WTGs to
the control room and the Scada
Grid Connection & Protection plan
What is an efficient grid connection ?
- Respect the power quality of the grid
- Respect the grid protection plan
- Allow control and clear monitoring
Grid Integration Analysis
- To assess the impact of connecting the wind farm to
the grid
- To define the setting of the MV protection at the PCC
Preliminary datas
• From Utility
- R = minimum network short-circuit resistance at the PCC
- X = minimum short-circuit reactance at the PCC
- Max permitted voltage fluctuation in steady state and switching
operation
- Max permitted frequency fluctuation
- Max permitted flicker type 1 & 2
• From Turbine Manufacturer :
DEWI report (Compliance with the IEC 61 400-21)
Flicker, Active and Reactive Power, Harmonics, etc…
Step 1
Check connection possibility at chosen location
- Impact on grid Steady state voltage fluctuation
- MV : +/- 7%
- LV : + 6% / - 10%
- Load flow analysis
Max admitted current in the existing grid
From those data, EDF :
- Request grid adaptation
- Gives budget offer
Step 2
Detailed analysis
- Transient Voltage Fluctuation
Drop voltage caused by the transformer connection
When the Wind farm produces P 0,2 and Q 0,2
- Flicker in continuous operation (type 1) and switching
operation (type 2)
- Type 1: Pst = Plt = c(fi,v) x Sn/Scc
- Type 2:
Pst = f (N10, Kf, Sn, Scc)
Plt = g (N120, Kf, Sn, Scc)
Step 2
Protection plan
Wind farm protection
General electrical protection of
the Wind farm
Isetting < 0,8 I_earth _fault (safety
condition)
Isetting > 5 to 8 Ib (to avoid untimely
tripping)
Electrical
fault in the
wind farm
Isetting >1,3 Im (to avoid untimely
tripping)
Isetting >1,2 I_short_circuit_tri_wtg
(to avoid untimely tripping)
Step 2
Protection plan
Grid protection
General electrical protection of
the Wind farm
Electrical
fault on the
public grid
- To avoid islanding network
(Umax-min, Fmax-min, Vo)
- To avoid wind farm production in
case of grid fault
- via Vo for earth fault
- via Umin for short circuit
Electrical DESIGN
The conclusions of the grid
integration analysis allow us
to design the electrical part
of the Wind farm :
• MV substation
• WTG parameters
(PLC)
• SCADA system
MV SUBSTATION
sequential connection to avoid drop voltage
WTG parameters (PLC)
Programming of the PLC to reduce type 2 flicker :
Pst = f (N10, Kf, Sn, Scc)
Plt = f (N120, Kf, Sn, Scc)
Parameters set according to EDF requirements.
SCADA
Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition
• Adjustment of U max, P max, Q max at PCC to meet EDF
requirements.
Communication
Remote access SCADA
Via the public phone line. The communication is based on remote
access (Windows access Virtual Private Network) . The
communication had been optimized to reduce the volume of data
(25 kbyte/s is required)
Dispatch permanent communication
Via permanent radio communication or equivalent.
Full duplex transmission of key data (metering – setting) :
-P, Q, U, CB position
Some SCADA screen shots
Park overview
Substation overview
Monitor (on line data of each GEV MP)
Metering GEV MP
Average power and wind speed report.
Daily energy report
Questions
?
Thank you for your attention