Transcript Base Material Identification

Visual Keys
For Successful
Base Material Preparation
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SIFCO Industries, Inc.
Base Material
Identification
Obtaining good adhesion of a SIFCO Process
deposit begins with proper identification of the
surface being plated on.
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SIFCO Industries, Inc.
Base Material
Identification
Occasionally, the operator is misinformed as to
the identity of the base material or is not
informed or aware that a coating is present on
the surface. This can lead to adhesion problems.
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SIFCO Industries, Inc.
Base Material
Identification
An alert operator, by carefully watching the
etching operation, will frequently detect incorrect
identifications or the presence of coatings.
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SIFCO Industries, Inc.
Base Material
Identification
This table lists some tests
that may be used to verify
the identity of the base
material.
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SIFCO Industries, Inc.
Preparation
A SIFCO Process preparatory cycle consists of a
number of operations, each one performing a
specific function. The number and types of
operations, and the solutions used, depend on
the base material and not the plating solution to
be used later. Each operation should be carried
out properly to ensure obtaining maximum
adhesion.
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Preparation
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The operations are properly carried out when:
The proper solutions are used in the proper sequence.
The solutions are used in the proper direction of current
flow, i.e. forward current or reverse current.
The operations follow each other as rapidly as possible
and with the surface not being allowed to dry between
operations.
The desired results are obtained in each operation.
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Preparation
• The visual tests are important and
the operator should pay particular
attention to them.
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Electrocleaning
• Usually performed first
• Removes the last traces of dirt, oil, and grease
• Removes the light oxide films on some metals
such as copper.
• Usually done in forward polarity
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Etching
• Performed in reverse polarity
• Removes oxides, corrosion products and
smeared and contaminated surface material
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Desmutting
• Follows the etch on some base materials
• Removes loose layer of insoluble material on the
surface.
• Done in reverse polarity
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Activating
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•
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Removes passive oxide film
No visual key (except for chrome)
Done in forward polarity
Temporary state
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The Rinse
In most cases, a thorough water rinse should
follow each preparatory step. One of the most
critical is the rinse after the electrocleaning
operation. If water “breaks” on the surface,
either the electrocleaning time was too short or
the voltage was too low, and the operation
should be repeated.
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Water Break
A good description of a
“water break” is when a
water film breaks into
beads such as on a
waxed car. If this occurs,
the surface is not clean!
Nice Clean Surface
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SIFCO Industries, Inc.
Water Break
Visual Keys
The following series of slides shows what the operator
should look for in each of the preparatory operations.
Things to consider:
• Appearance of the base material before the operation.
• Appearance of the base material after the operation.
• Appearance of the cover and the solution in the cover
after the operation.
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Carbon Steel
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Carbon Steel
Before
After
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Carbon Steel
Before
After
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300 Stainless
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300 Stainless
Before
After
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400 Stainless
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400 Stainless
Before
After
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400 Stainless
Before
After
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Monel
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Monel
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Monel
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Copper
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Copper
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Chrome
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Chrome
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Chrome
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Summary
• Successful adhesion hinges on correctly
identifying the base material and performing the
correct preparatory operations for that material
in the right sequence and ensuring that the
visual keys are observed for each step
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SIFCO Industries, Inc.
Summary
Need Help?
• SIFCO Process Instruction Manual
• SIFCO Technical Support
[email protected]
1-216-524-0099
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SIFCO Industries, Inc.