Transcript al-qurain (اَلْقُرَيْن) hill nature reserve

Presentation by:
SENIOR ENGINEER NASSER ALNASHAT
CORPORATE PROJECTS – I TEAM
KUWAIT OIL COMPANY
TOPIC: SOLAR ENERGY IN AL QURAIN HILL NATURE RESERVE
SITE PHOTOS: OPENING CEREMONY
Entrance of Al-Qurain Hill Nature Reserve
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SITE PHOTOS: OPENING CEREMONY
Site visit by Ahmadi Governor, Kuwait Voluntary Work Centre
committee and Corporate Projects – I team members
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Opening ceremony by Minister of Oil and Chairman of Kuwait Oil
Company
PERSPECTIVE VIEW OF AL-QURAIN HILL NATURE RESERVE
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AL-QURAIN (‫ )اَ ْلقُ َريْن‬HILL NATURE RESERVE
Al-Qurain (28°46'12" N and 47°58'23" E) is in Al-Wafrah district in Kuwait and
127 meters above sea level. A hill is a rounded elevation of limited extent rising
above the surrounding land with local relief of less than 300m.
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INTRODUCTION

The State of Kuwait lies at the north-west corner of the Arabian Gulf, between 28º
and 30º latitudes and between 46º and 48º longitudes. Its total land area is 17,818
km2.
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Most of the mainland is a flat sandy desert gradually sloping towards sea level in
the east. The western border land areas are 270 meters above sea level. About 6%
of Kuwait's total area is inhabited.

The weather is characterized by long, hot and dry summers and short, warm and
sometimes rainy winters. Dust storms occur frequently with a rise in humidity
during late summer.

Typical extreme temperature ranges between the winter and summer is 0 ºC to 50
ºC. By the end of 2010, the population was estimated to be 3.5 million with annual
growth rate of 5.9% for the last 10 years.

In 2010, the gross domestic product (GDP) was US dollar ($) 135 billion with growth
rate of 4% and it is relatively stable.
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INTRODUCTION

Our team aims to harness various renewable energy sources to conserve as well as
protect the environment of KOC and reduce Company’s dependence on energy
derived from fossil fuels which cause air, water/ soil pollution in addition to the
emissions of carbon dioxide gas that contributes to the comprehensive increase in
the temperature of the atmosphere.

Consequently KOC exerts all efforts and allocates all available capacities that seek
for protecting the environment by using Green /Renewable energy resources.

Hence a decision has been taken by TLCP-I and SEP II to apply /implement solar
energy and wind energy to “Al-Qurain Nature Reserve” at Wafrah desert through
preparing 2 nos. of LVCs for solar energy and wind energy.
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SOLAR ENERGY POTENTIAL
There are urgent and legitimate motivations that call for adoption of alternative
fuel energy sources and electricity production technologies in Kuwait. These
motives include:
 Rapid electricity demand growth. Current fuel consumption for electricity
reached 13% of the total oil production. It expected to reach 20% by 2020,
 Kuwait's current maximum allowed oil production by the Organization of
Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) 3 million barrel/day. Increasing the oil
consumption for electricity and water production reduces the revenue
negatively affect the country's economy
 The per capita carbon dioxide (CO the highest in the world. The current CO2
emission resulting from the electricity and water production approximately
40 million tons per day and expected reach 70 million tons per day in 2030
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SOLAR ENERGY POTENTIAL
 Recent data indicate that PV module retail price index has declined
significantly over the period (2001-2010).
 PV system efficiency has been increasing since 2004 and expected to
increase from 15% in 2010 to 22% in 2020.
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SOLAR ENERGY POTENTIAL
 Kuwait's current maximum allowed oil production by the Organization of
Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) 3 million barrel/day. Increasing the oil
consumption for electricity and water production reduces the revenue
negatively affect the country's economy.
 Kuwait has abundance of solar radiation through out the year which suitable
for solar energy application.
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Monthly averaged SR intensity on horizontal surfaces (Wh/m2 –day).
SOLAR ENERGY POTENTIAL
The figure below showing abundance
potential to use solar energy in
Kuwait, where direct normal incidence
(DNI) exceed 1800 kWh/m2/y
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AL-QURAIN ( )‫ )اَ ْلقُ َريْن‬HILL NATURE RESERVE
 The project is a collaboration Kuwait Oil Company (KOC) with the Kuwait
Volunteer Work Center (VWC).
 Kuwait has allocated 12% of its entire area for the establishment of nature
reserves. This sets us to become the first of its kind at world levels when
comparing total area and population. The project is aimed at preserving the
region and getting it back to its original state.
 The reserve’s current location was an abundant resource frequented by
sheep herds in the past, and that its trees, plants and natural life
disappeared due to human malpractice.
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OFF GRID SYSTEM APPLICATIONS
 The project involved the implementation of solar power systems to supply
electricity to Al-Qurain Hill Nature Reserve facilities.
 The project will harvest the sunlight and convert into electricity directly using
photovoltaic (PV) stand alone systems i.e. the system does not have a
connection to the electricity grid.
 A system is made up of one or more solar photovoltaic (PV) panels, a DC/AC
power converter (also known as an inverter), a racking system that holds the
solar panels, electrical interconnections, and mounting for other
components.
 Optionally it may include a maximum power point tracker (MPPT), battery
system and charger, solar tracker, energy management software, solar
concentrators or other equipment.
 The generated electricity will be used to energize the electrical devices in this
project.
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SOLAR ENERGY DIAGRAM
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MAIN PHOTOVOLTAICS (PV) SYSTEM COMPONENTS
Photovoltaic modules
 A photovoltaic array is a linked assembly of PV modules.
Photovoltaic arrays
 A photovoltaic array (or solar array) is a linked collection of solar panels. The
power that one module can produce is seldom enough to meet
requirements of a home or a business, so the modules are linked together
to form an array.
 The modules in a PV array are first connected in series to obtain the desired
voltage; the individual strings are then connected in parallel to allow the
system to produce more current.
 Solar panels are typically measured under STC (standard test conditions) or
PTC (PVUSA test conditions).
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MAIN PHOTOVOLTAICS (PV) SYSTEM COMPONENTS
Inverters
 On the AC side, grid connected co-gen inverters must supply electricity in
sinusoidal form, synchronized to the grid frequency, limit feed in voltage to
no higher than the grid voltage and disconnect from the grid if the grid
voltage is turned off.
 Islanding inverters need only produce regulated voltages and frequencies in
a sinusoidal wave shape as no synchronisation or co-ordination with grid
supplies is required. A solar inverter may connect to a string of solar panels.
In some installations a solar micro-inverter is connected at each solar panel.
 For safety reasons a circuit breaker is provided both on the AC and DC side
to enable maintenance. AC output may be connected through an electricity
meter into the public grid.
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STANDALONE APPLICATIONS
Street solar light
 Solar street lights are raised light sources which are
powered by photovoltaic panels generally mounted on
the lighting structure. The photovoltaic panels charge a
rechargeable battery, which powers a fluorescent or LED
lamp during the night.
 Solar streetlights are designed to work throughout the
night. Many can stay lit for more than one night if the sun
is not available for a couple of days.
 Latest designs use wireless technology and fuzzy control
theory for battery management. The street lights using
this technology can operate as a network with each light
having the capability of performing on or off the network.
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STANDALONE APPLICATIONS
Solar Water Heating
 Solar water heating (SWH) or solar hot water
(SHW) systems in a "close-coupled" SWH system
the storage tank is horizontally mounted
immediately above the solar collectors on the roof.
 In a "pump-circulated" system the storage tank is
ground- or floor-mounted and is below the level of
the collectors; a circulating pump moves water or
heat transfer fluid between the tank and the
collectors.
 SWH systems are designed to deliver hot water for
most of the year.
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SYSTEM ADVANTAGES
Advantages
 No electric bill
 No CO² emission
 Battery Back-ups for cloudy
and dusty days
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Applications
 Parking Area
 Street lightings
 Ponds, parks and
gardens
 Pathways
 Offshore platforms
OBSERVATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS
 The visibility and the potential of solar energy in Kuwait demonstrates that
Kuwait has an abundance of solar energy capability but the efficiency and
cost benefit remain unclear.
 The essential economic concept for any PV installation is that its cost should
be recovered by the useful energy it produces over its lifetime.
 The levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) or payback period can be estimated
from the ratio of the total life cycle cost to the total lifetime energy
production according to the following reduced equation.
 It is hoped that this project would provide the real actual cost to foresee the
economic of solar energy.
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OBSERVATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS
 The project is a pilot for us to guide the economic and technical feasibility
implementation of the same system to its remote oil facilities and avoid
using of environment polluting diesel generators. The Company shall gain the
benefits of reliable electricity 24/7 in remote desert locations and less
maintenance.
 The project could guide us to evaluate Capital Recovery Factor (CRF) which
been used extensively to analyze economic feasibility of PV systems
 We could be able to pursue technical knowledge sharing to enhance the
efficiency of the solar system in local climate. This project will enable
learning of operating real systems, assessing performance of different
technologies, and introducing a one of a kind application.
 Also these project shall have a huge positive impact on the environment and
also very sustainable. It will be a practical model for other projects in Kuwait.
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OBSERVATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS
 This solar energy is the pilot project to enable us to further improve future
energy utilization from oil to renewable energy.
 Part of 2030 strategy, we aims to be more environmentally conscious and
looking at renewable sources of energy (solar energy in particular) due to the
plenty of solar radiation in this area.
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PERSPECTIVE VIEW OF AL-QURAIN HILL NATURE RESERVE
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SITE PHOTOS: OPENING CEREMONY
Site visit by Ahmadi Governor, Kuwait Voluntary Work Centre
committee and Corporate Projects – I team members
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Opening ceremony by Minister of Oil and Chairman of Kuwait Oil
Company
SITE PHOTOS: OPENING CEREMONY
Entrance of Al-Qurain Hill Nature Reserve
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