Transcript Team #6: Transistor/Diode Curve Tracer

Team #6: Transistor/Diode Curve Tracer



Brian Gallert
John Edwards
Karl Silge



BSEE
BSEE
BSEE
Team #6: Expertise & Experience

Brian Gallert

Expertise: Electronics, Power Systems
Experience: 3 Co-op Semesters
@ GE Consumer/Industrial

John Edwards

Expertise: Solar/Renewable Energy, Controls,
electrical test equipment
Experience: USAF, Tektronix, Northrop
(Testing and Repair)

Karl Silge

Expertise: Electromagnetics, Electronics
Experience: 5 years @ Bucyrus as ME
Transistor/Diode Curve Tracer
Description

Trace electrical characteristics for
 Any


two terminal device
Resistors
Diodes
 BJTs


NPN
PNP
 FETs



JFET
MOSFET
User Interface for customized analysis
Transistor/Diode Curve Tracer

Features
 User
Interface
Select base current increment
 Switch between two different devices under test


Functions
 Collector
Voltage sweep 0-30 VDC
 High range to view breakdown characteristics
Transistor/Diode Curve Tracer
External Interfaces
PNP, NPN,
diode plug in
User input
settings
•Current Range
Curve Tracer
•Voltage Range
•Device Type
120 VAC
outlet
Oscilloscope
Transistor/Diode Curve Tracer
Internal Block Diagram of Curve Tracer
Digital Functions
microprocessor
User
Interface
John
Karl
Brian
Power Supply
Analog Functions
Current
Source
Signal
Processing
System – Perf Reqs:

Mechanical Characteristics of user interface
 Toggle
Switches
 Rotary dials
 BNC male coaxial cable to oscilloscope

Operation modes
 ON/OFF
 Testing for:
 two terminal devices
 three terminal devices

Safety
 Current
limiting of 150 mA to user
 Fuse for instantaneous trip time
 Max potential of user surfaces of 30V
System – Perf Reqs: Electrical
Interfaces

Signal Type


Signal Direction


Analog
Input
Basic Analog Characteristics




120 VAC
150mA
60Hz
25 W
System - Std Reqs: Env & Safety



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
Min Operating Temp Range
Min Operating Humidity Range
Min Operating Alt or Press Range
Min Storage Temp Range
Min Storage Humidity Range
Min Storage Alt or Press Range
Max Storage Duration



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


10Co - 50Co
10 – 70 Rh%
Sea level – 4000m
10Co - 50Co
0 – 80 Rh%
Sea level – 4000m
3 Years
System - Std Reqs: Power Interfaces





Energy Source List
Source Connection List
Min Operating Voltage Range
Max Power Consumption
Max Energy Consumption





120 VAC
Temporary
102V – 132V
25 Watts Total
7500 Watt-Hours/Yr
System - Std Reqs: Mechanical


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

Max Volume
Max weight
Electrical I/F Connector(s)
Max # of PC Boards
Max PCB Circuit Area

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
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
10” x 8” x 3” = 240 in3
10 lbs
BNC connectors
5
80 in2
Basic Business Case
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Estimate the Average Product Selling Price (ASP$): $400
Estimate the Product Annual Sales Volume: 2500
Estimate the Per Unit Cost of all Parts and Materials using the above
annual volume assumption: $100
Estimate the Per Unit Cost of all the Assembly, Test and Mfg using the
above annual volume assumption: $120
Estimate the Total Development Cost in $ incl Labor+Material: $60,000
Calculate the Annual Sales $ = $400 x 2500 = $1M
Calculate the Per Unit CM$ = $400 – $245 = $155
Calculate the CM% = $155/$400 = 38.75%
Calculate the Annual CM$ = 38.75% X $1M = $387,500
Calculate the ROI Time in Years = $60,000 /$387,500 = .155 years
System - Std Reqs: Safety
Safety Standards Adhered to
Canadian Stds. Association
 CSA 1010.1:1992
 CSA 22.2 :950
Underwriters Labs
 UL 3111-1:1994
 UL 61010B-1:2003
 UL 1950
System - Std Reqs: EMC
EMC Standards Adhered to




EN61000-6-2 (Level C)
IEC61000-4-2 (ESD immunity)
IEC61000-4-5 (Surge immunity)
IEC61000-4-11 (Voltage dips, short interruptions,
variations)
Team 6: Team members with assigned
blocks

Brian Gallert



Karl Silge


User Interface
Microprocessor
Power Supply
John Edwards
 Analog


Devices
Current Generator
Signal Processing
User Interface
Digital Functions
microprocessor
User
Interface
Power Supply
Brian
Analog Functions
Current
Source
Signal
Processing
User Interface Description

Functions
 Toggle




On/Off
Select between devices Left or Right
BJT or FET
P-channel or N-channel
 Rotary




Switches
Dials
Collector Voltage range 0-30
Base Current or Gate Voltage increments five different
increments all by log scale
5 different series resistances to limit collector current
Possible Features
 Rotary
dial to adjust collector current
 DIP switch to select number of base current steps
User Interface Perf Requirements

User Inputs
 Base


Current or Gate Voltage Increment
Rotary dial
Five different increment options
 Device


Type
Rotary dial
Four different device options
 Polarity
of Device
 Collector Voltage range
 Series current limiting resistor

Operational Modes
 ON/OFF
 LED
indicator
User Interface Std Requirements

Power
5
VDC source


Min 4.5
Max 5.5
 Connection

Permanent
 Power

consumed 2 W
Size
cm3
 95cm2 PCB
 475
User Interface Power Interface
Signal or Grouped Signal Name
Power Signals
User Interface Input VCC +5
Type
Direction
DC Power Input
Voltage
Nominal
5.0V
Voltage Range
Min
Max
4.50V
5.50V
Freq
Nominal
DC
Freq Range
Min
Max
N/A
N/A
% V-Reg
Max
10.00%
V-Ripple Current
Max
Max
0.1V
35mA
User Interface Digital Interface
Signal or Grouped Signal Name
Digital Signals
Type
Dir
Device under Test
Base Current Increment
Number of Steps
Digital
Digital
Digital
Lists
AC Power Input
DC Power Output
Analog
Bidir
Digital
Output
Input
Structure Structure
Output N/A
Output N/A
Output N/A
Tech
Standard CMOS
Standard CMOS
Standard CMOS
N/A
Standard TTL
Totem Pole Schmitt CMOS
Open Col/Drain
BiCMOS
Tristate
ECL
Tristate+Schmitt
GaAs
Freq
Logic
Output Characteristics
Nominal Voltage Voh Min Ioh Max VoL Max IoL Max
NA
NA
NA
5V
5V
5V
3.8V
3.8V
3.8V
1uA
1uA
1uA
.6V
.6V
.6V
-1uA
-1uA
-1uA
User Interface Block Diagram
120 VAC
ON/OFF
To System
Push Button
5 VDC
Base Current/
Gate Voltage
Rotary Dial
Device
To
Microprocessor
Rotary Dial
Current scaling
Rotary Dial
# of Steps
Rotary Dial
Polarity
Switch
Left/Right
Switch
Collector Volts
Rotary Dial
Series Res.
Rotary Dial
To
System
User Interface Task-Resource Estimate

Prototype
of assembly and testing – 15 hours
 Completed by April 30
 Time

Total Estimates
 Total

$41
 Total

Material Estimated
Manpower Estimated
37.3
User Interface Prototyping Plan
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Block Area
 180 cm2
Total PCB Area
 90 cm2
PCB Substrate Type
 Pre-perforated fiberglass
Component Attachment Type
 Direct Solder
Socketed Components


Solid wire solder connection
Types of Connectors

AMP connector
Microprocessor
Digital Functions
microprocessor
User
Interface
Power Supply
Brian
Analog Functions
Current
Source
Signal
Processing
Microprocessor Description


PIC16F876 with external clock
Functions
 Decode
user interface inputs
 Time the base current increments to voltage sweeps
 Change base current to gate voltage when testing a
FET vs. a BJT
 Change increments on Base Current to User input
Microprocessor Perf Requirements

User Inputs
 Base


Current Increment
Rotary dial
Five different increment options
 Device



Type
Rotary dial
Three different device options
Operational Modes
 ON/OFF
 LED
indicator
Microprocessor Std Requirements

Power
5
VDC source


Min 4.5
Max 5.5
 Connection
 Permanent
 Power

consumed 2 W
Size
cm3
 95 cm2 PCB
 475
Microprocessor Power Interface
Signal or Grouped Signal Name
Power Signals
Micro/User Interface Input VCC +5
Type
Direction
DC Power Input
Voltage
Nominal
5.0V
Voltage Range
Min
Max
4.50V
5.50V
Freq
Nominal
DC
Freq Range
Min
Max
0
N/A
% V-Reg
Max
10.00%
V-Ripple Current
Max
Max
0.1V
300mA
Microprocessor Digital Interface
Digital Signals
Type
Dir
Output
Input
Structure Structure
Device under Test
Base Current Increment
Number of Steps
Current Selector
Digital
Digital
Digital
Digital
Input N/A
Input N/A
Input N/A
Output N/A
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Lists
AC PowerInput N/A
Standard
DC PowerOutput Totem Pole Schmitt
Analog Bidir Open Col/Drain
Digital
Tristate
Tristate+Schmitt
Tech
CMOS
CMOS
CMOS
CMOS
TTL
CMOS
BiCMOS
ECL
GaAs
Freq
Logic
Nominal Voltage
NA
NA
NA
NA
5V
5V
5V
5V
Vih Min
2V
2V
2V
NA
Iih Max
1uA
1uA
1uA
NA
Input Characteristics
Output Characteristics
ViL Max IiL Max Vth Min Vth Max Voh Min Ioh Max VoL Max
.8V
.8V
.8V
NA
-1.uA
-1.uA
-1.6uA
NA
N/A
N/A
N/A
NA
N/A
N/A
N/A
NA
N/A
N/A
N/A
3.8V
N/A
N/A
N/A
1uA
N/A
N/A
N/A
.6V
Microprocessor Analog Interface
Analog Signals
Clock
Collector Voltage
Gate/Base Voltage
Type
Analog
Analog
Analog
Direction
Input
Input
Input
Coupling
Direct
Direct
Direct
Voltage Max
Amplitude
5.0V
5.0V
5.0V
Impedance
Min
Max
100
9.9 k
9.9 k
120
10.1 k
10.1 k
Freq Range
Min
Max
900Khz
114
0
4Mhz
126
126
Leakage
Max
20uA
500nA
500nA
Microprocessor Block Diagram
5V
Base Current/
Gate Voltage
Rotary Dial
To Counter
To Vref polarity
Device
Rotary Dial
PIC 16F876
Current scaling
Voltage or Current
To IC scaling
Rotary Dial
To Current Source
# of Steps
Rotary Dial
From User
Interface
NPN or PNP
Clock
Microprocessor Prototyping Plan

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
Block Area
 90 cm2
Total PCB Area
 90 cm2
PCB Substrate Type
 Etched fiberglass
Component Attachment Type
 ZIF Socket
Socketed Components


Processor
Type of Connector

AMP
Microprocessor Task-Resource Estimate

Prototype
of assembly and testing – 25 hours
 Completed by April 30
 Time

Total Estimates
 Total

$21
 Total

Material Estimated
Manpower Estimated
48.3
Power Supply
Digital Functions
microprocessor
User
Interface
Power Supply
Karl
Analog Functions
Current
Source
Signal
Processing
Power Supply Description

Characteristics
– 120 VAC
 Outputs
 Input

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
5 VDC
+15 VDC
-15 VDC
Full Rectified Wave 30 V peak to zero
Features
 Isolation
transformer
 Voltage Regulation to 10%
Power Supply Perf Requirements

User Inputs
 Push
Button
 ON/OFF
 Red LED Indicator for ON/OFF

Operational Modes and Features
 ON/OFF
 10%
Voltage Regulation
Power Supply Std Requirements

Power
 120


VAC source
Min 102
Max 132
 Connection

Temporary (only during use)
 Power

consumed 20 W
Size
cm3
 95 cm2 PCB
 475
Power Supply Power Interface
Power Signals
Power1 VCC +5
Power2 VCC +/-15V
Power4 AC 30V rectified sine wave
Power3 AC Input
Type
DC Power
DC Power
AC Power
AC Power
Direction
Output
Output
Output
Input
Voltage
Nominal
5.0V
+/-15.0V
30V
120V
Voltage Range
Min
Max
4.75V
14.25V
27V
102V
5.25V
15.75V
34.5V
132V
Freq
Nominal
DC
DC
120Hz
60Hz
Freq Range
Min
Max
0
0
114Hz
57Hz
N/A
N/A
126Hz
63Hz
% V-Reg
Max
5.00%
5.00%
10.00%
15.00%
V-Ripple
Max
0.1V
0.25V
N/A
N/A
Power Supply Block Diagram
collector
xfmr
+15V
xfmr
regulator
xfmr
regulator
bridges
op amps
-15V
+5V
digital
Power Supply Prototyping Plan






Block Area
 90 cm2
Total PCB Area
 90 cm2
PCB Substrate Type
 Etched fiberglass
Component Attachment Type
 Direct Solder
Socketed Components
 Solid wire solder connection
Types of Connectors
 AMP connections
Power Supply Task-Resource Estimate

Prototype
of assembly and testing – 30 hours
 Completed by April 28
 Time

Total Estimates
 Total

$150
 Total

Material Estimated
Manpower Estimated
112
Analog Devices
Digital Functions
microprocessor
User
Interface
John
Power Supply
Analog Functions
Current
Source
Signal
Processing
Analog Devices Description

Functions
 Base
Current Source for BJTs
 Gate Voltage Source for FETs
 Scales and filters signals to oscilloscope

Features
 BNC
connectors to oscilloscope
 High SNR above 50 dB
Analog Devices Perf Requirements

User Inputs
 Toggle


N-channel
P-channel
 Five



Switch for polarity for
position rotary dial for
Base current increments on log scale starting at 10uA
Gate voltage increments on log scale
Operational Modes and Features
 BJTs
or FETs
 High SNR of 50 dB
 BNC connectors for direct connection to oscilloscope
Analog Devices Std Requirements

Power
 +/-15
V DC for op amps
 +5V DC
 Connections

Permanent
 Power

consumed 1 W
Size
cm3
 95 cm2 PCB
 475
Analog Devices Power Interface
Signal or Grouped Signal Name
Power Signals
Power1 VCC +5V
Power2 VCC -15V
Power3 VCC +15V
Type
DC Power
DC Power
DC Power
Direction
Input
Input
Output
Voltage
Nominal
5.0V
15V
15V
Voltage Range
Min
Max
4.75V
14.5V
14.5V
5.25V
15.5V
15.5V
Freq
Nominal
DC
DC
DC
Freq Range
Min
Max
0
0
0
N/A
N/A
N/A
% V-Reg
Max
5.00%
3.33%
3.33%
V-Ripple
Max
0.1V
.5V
.5V
Current
Max
.5A
.5A
.5A
Analog Devices Digital Interface
Signal or Grouped Signal Name
Digital Signals
Current Scaling
Type
Digital
Direction
Input
Output
Structure
N/A
Input
Tech
Structure
Freq
Logic
Input Characteristics
Nominal Voltage Vih Min Iih Max ViL Max IiL Max
Standard CMOS
NA
5V
2V
1uA
.8V
-1uA
Analog Devices Analog Interface
Amplitude
Base Current
Gate Voltage
Collector Voltage
Analog
Analog
Analog
Output
Output
Output
Direct
Direct
Direct
10mA
7V
50V
Min
N/A
N/A
10
Max
N/A
N/A
10k
Min
30
30
30
Max
10k
10k
400
Max
10nA
N/A
N/A
Analog Devices Block Diagram
Voltage
Source VC
Polarity SW
From Micro
Current Limiting
VC
Resistance
X
Counter
L/R SW
Scaling and Current
Conversion Op Amp
D to A
Converter
Vref
Left
Right
D.U.T.
D.U.T.
To
Oscilloscope
IC
Y
Analog Devices Prototyping Plan






Block Area
 90 cm2
Total PCB Area
 90 cm2
PCB Substrate Type
 Etched Fiberglass
Component Attachment Type
 Direct Solder
Socketed Components
 Solid wire solder connection
Types of Connectors
 AMP connections
Analog Devices Task-Resource Estimate

Prototype
of assembly and testing – 40 hours
 Completed by April 28
 Time

Total Estimates
 Total

$60
 Total

Material Estimated
Manpower Estimated
116.1
Overall High Level Package Description

External Enclosure
 Plastic
Box 10” by 7.5” by 3”
 Connections



Plug Type B
2 male BNC connectors
Internal
 Four
PCBs each 2.5” by 6”
 Total of 15 sq inches of board space
Team Resource Capability vs.
Project Resource Estimations

Team Capabilities
 $350
 400

Man-hours
Resource Estimations
 $282
 428.7

Man-hours
Percentages used
 Dollars

80.5%
 Man-hours

107.2%
Overall Program Plan Gantt Chart