Transcript Loose ends - tewksapbio

Loose ends
Cellular respiration
1. Is glucose the only molecule that can be
catabolized during cellular respiration? Why do
we use glucose as the model?
2. Why do hydrogen atoms accompany electrons
as they are transferred in biological systems?
3. Why is it thought that glycolysis is the first
catabolic pathway to have evolved in the
metabolism of all cellular systems?
4. List the starting materials, end products, and
eventual fates of all of the molecules that
participate in glycolysis.
Cellular respiration cont.
5. Why are pyruvate converted into acetyl-coA
prior to entering the Kreb’s cycle? What does
this conversion do to the pyruvate molecules?
6. Where in the mitochondria does oxidative
phosphorylation occur? Why does it occur
there?
7. What products of the prior phases of cellular
respiration are used in the electron transport
chain? How are they used?
Cellular respiration cont
8. Explain how the movement of electrons
through the electron transport chain is used.
9. Explain the meaning of the term “protonmotive force”.
10.Why is oxygen needed for oxidative
phosphorylation?
http://prezi.com/m9s0caebmwdu/ap-biometabolism-2-chemoheterotrophicnutrition/
Animal development
1. Explain what happens during each of the following
phases of animal development:
• fertilization
• cleavage
• gastrulation
• neurulation
• organogenesis
2. Diagram the structure of the amniotic egg, label each
membrane and provide a brief description of their
functions.
3. What is the function of the placenta in mammals?
Animal development
• What forms in gastrulation?
ECTODERM
MESODERM
ENDODERM
•SKIN, TEETH
•NERVOUS SYSTEM
•SKELETAL,
MUSCULAR
SYSTEMS
•LINING TO
RESPIRATORY,
DIGESTIVE TRACTS.
Shelled eggs and their extramebryonic
membranes.
• Amnion protects embryo from dehydrating.
• Allantois is the disposal sac for metabolic
wastes.
• Chorion and the allantois exchange gases,
oxygen and carbon dioxide.
• Yolk sac transfers nutrients through blood
vessels.
• Nutrients are also stored in the albumen.
Animal development
• Bozeman biology video on development
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pa9uPnIeVKU&feat
ure=plcp&context=C4354369VDvjVQa1PpcFNSsPuV
Wdxz_Cue3NU5Yl5I07oFShWYnPc=
Animal immune system
Humoral vs cell-mediated response
Primary vs secondary immune
response
Action potential
Action potential and the sodium
potassium pump
1. Which of the following statements about the resting
membrane potential is TRUE?
A)the exterior of the cell has a net negative charge and
the interior has a net positive charge
B)the exterior of the cell has a net negative charge and
the interior is neutral
C)the exterior of the cell has a net positive charge and the
interior has a net negative charge
D)the exterior of the cell has a net positive charge and
the interior is neutral
E)the exterior of the cell is neutral and the interior has a
net negative charge
2. During depolarization, which of the following
statements about voltage-gated ion channels is
TRUE
A)K+ gates open before Na+ gate
B)Na+ gates open before K+ gates
C)Na+ and K+ gates open at the same time
D)Na+ gates open while K+ gates remain closed
E)K+ gates open while Na+ gates remain closed
3. Depolarization occurs because
A)more K+ diffuse into the cell than Na+ diffuse out
of
B)more K+ diffuse out of the cell than Na+ diffuse
into it
C)more Na+ diffuse into the cell than K+ diffuse out
of it
D)more Na+ diffuse out of the cell than K+ diffuse
into it
E)both Na+ and K+ diffuse into the cell
The nerve impulse
• http://highered.mcgrawhill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/ch
apter14/animation__the_nerve_impulse.html