Transcript 5,2x - UW Canvas

AGENDA
• Where we are and what we’re doing
• Review the structure of Aristotle’s
ethical theory and the doctrine of the
mean
• Moral Perception
• The reciprocity of the virtues
• Begin the virtues of greatness
Week, Date
Required Reading
1, 1/5
Syllabus for Phil 340
1, 1/7
Apology (all)
2, 1/12
Meno (70-86); Phaedo (all)
2, 1/14
Republic Book 1 (all); Book 2 (357-376)
3, 1/19
Republic Book 2 (357-376); Book 4 (all)
3, 1/21
Republic Book 4 (all); Book 8 (all)
4, 1/26
Nicomachean Ethics Book 1
4, 1/28
Nicomachean Ethics Book 1-2
5, 2/2
Nicomachean Ethics Book 2-3; Book 6.13
5, 2/5
Nicomachean Ethics Book 3-4
6, 2/9
Nicomachean Ethics Book 4
6, 2/11
Anscombe, “Modern Moral Philosophy,” Nussbaum, “NonRelative Virtues: An Aristotelian Approach”
7, 2/16
Euthydemus (278-281); Irwin on the Stoics (PDF)
7, 2/18
Stoics (Primary texts excerpts in PDF form)
8, 2/23
Hursthouse, OVE Chapter 9; Annas, “Virtue Ethics: Which
kind of naturalism?”
8, 2/25
Driver, “Virtue Theory”; Hursthouse, “Are the Virtues the
Proper Starting Place for Morality?"
In-Class Paper Conference
9 & 10
Eudaimonia
The function
argument; excellence
in rational activity
Excellence in intellectual virtues
Excellence in phronesis
Excellence in the moral virtues
The doctrine of the mean
All of the relevant parameters
Moral particulars; objects of moral perception
Phronesis and moral perception:
EN.6.8.1142a.25.ff (pg. 93).
Eudaimonia
The function
argument; excellence
in rational activity
Excellence in intellectual virtues
Excellence in phronesis
Excellence in the moral virtues
The doctrine of the mean
All of the relevant parameters
Moral particulars; objects of moral perception
Phronesis and moral perception:
EN.6.8.1142a.25.ff (pg. 93).
VIRTUE
SPHERE OF LIFE
VIRTUES OF FEELINGS
•
•
COURAGE
FEAR/CONFIDENCE
TEMPERANCE
(BODILY) PLEASURE
VIRTUES OF EXTERNAL GOODS
•
•
•
•
GENEROSITY
MONEY
MAGNIFICENCE
MAGNANIMITY
HONOR
PROPER PRIDE
VIRTUES CONCERNED WITH SOCIAL LIFE
•
•
•
•
MILDNESS
ANGER
TRUTHFULNESS
TRUTH-TELLING
WIT
PLEASURE AMUSEMENTS
FRIENDLINESS
PLEASURE IN DAILY LIFE
DESCRIBE THE VIRTUES
COURAGE
TEMPERANCE
(1) 1115A10-24,
(1) 1118B8-33
1117A32-33, 1117B7-9
(2) 1115B15-19
(2) 1119B16-18
(3) 1117A1-17
(3) 1118B21-27
(4) 1115B24-1116A2,
1116A4-7
(4) 1118B27-31,
1119A5-6
(1) Identify the area or sphere of human
life the virtue occupies.
(2) Identify parameters of the virtue.
(3) Identify the virtue as a mean state.
(4) Identify the virtue’s two correlative
vices.
VIRTUE
SPHERE OF LIFE
VIRTUES OF FEELINGS
•
•
COURAGE
FEAR/CONFIDENCE
TEMPERANCE
(BODILY) PLEASURE
VIRTUES OF EXTERNAL GOODS
•
•
•
•
GENEROSITY
MONEY
MAGNIFICENCE
MAGNANIMITY
HONOR
PROPER PRIDE
VIRTUES CONCERNED WITH SOCIAL LIFE
•
•
•
•
(1) Identify the area or sphere of human
life the virtue occupies.
(2) Identify parameters of the virtue.
(3) Identify the virtue as a mean state.
(4) Identify the virtue’s two correlative
vices to that mean state.
MILDNESS
ANGER
TRUTHFULNESS
TRUTH-TELLING
WIT
PLEASURE AMUSEMENTS
FRIENDLINESS
PLEASURE IN DAILY LIFE
Reciprocity of the Virtues, EN.6.13
THE RECIPROCITY OF THE VIRTUES
• Fine grained view: “One is temperate if and only if one is courageous; one is courageous if and
only if one is generous; one is generous if and only if one is magnificent; etc.”
• Coarse grained view: “One has the virtue concerned with pleasure if and only if one has the virtue
concerned with fear and confidence; one has the latter if and only if one has a virtue (small or
large scale) concerned with wealth; and so on.”
• Levels view: “RV is true at each material level for all the virtues appropriate to that level, but does
not hold between the virtues at different levels.”
Reciprocity of the Virtues, EN.6.13
INCONSISTENT TRIAD
A.
The great scaled virtues are genuine (and
distinct from their small scaled counterparts).
B. The great scaled virtues are separable.
C. The unity, or reciprocity, of the virtues thesis.
• Irwin: proposes the problem; preferred solution
is to deny the separability of the large scale
virtues.
INCONSISTENT TRIAD
A.
The great scaled virtues are genuine (and
distinct from their small scaled counterparts).
B. The great scaled virtues are separable.
C. The unity, or reciprocity, of the virtues thesis.
• Svensson: denies the great scaled virtues on the
grounds of elitism.
• Geach: denies the reciprocity claim on the
grounds that an error in one area entails no
error in another.
• Kraut: proposes the coarse grained alternative
(to the fine grained view) to avoid the
inconsistency.
• Long: proposes the levels view to avoid the
inconsistency.
• Gardiner: denies the reciprocity claim on the
grounds that it only applies to “basic” virtues.
MEGALOPSUCHIA
BOOK 4, CHAPTER 3
NEXT TIME
FOCUS ON EN.4.3, MEGALOPSUCHIA
(MAGNANIMITY, GREATNESS OF SOUL,
OR HIGH-MINDEDNESS) AND ITS
CONNECTION TO THE REST OF
ARISTOTLE’S ETHICAL THEORY
Week, Date
Required Reading
1, 1/5
Syllabus for Phil 340
1, 1/7
Apology (all)
2, 1/12
Meno (70-86); Phaedo (all)
2, 1/14
Republic Book 1 (all); Book 2 (357-376)
3, 1/19
Republic Book 2 (357-376); Book 4 (all)
3, 1/21
Republic Book 4 (all); Book 8 (all)
4, 1/26
Nicomachean Ethics Book 1
4, 1/28
Nicomachean Ethics Book 1-2
5, 2/2
Nicomachean Ethics Book 2-3; Book 6.13
5, 2/5
Nicomachean Ethics Book 3-4
6, 2/9
Nicomachean Ethics Book 4
6, 2/11
Anscombe, “Modern Moral Philosophy,” Nussbaum, “NonRelative Virtues: An Aristotelian Approach”
7, 2/16
Euthydemus (278-281); Irwin on the Stoics (PDF)
7, 2/18
Stoics (Primary texts excerpts in PDF form)
8, 2/23
Hursthouse, OVE Chapter 9; Annas, “Virtue Ethics: Which
kind of naturalism?”
8, 2/25
Driver, “Virtue Theory”; Hursthouse, “Are the Virtues the
Proper Starting Place for Morality?"
In-Class Paper Conference
9 & 10