Transcript Chapter 24 Part II

Chapter 24 Part II
Rich and Poor and Those in
Between
Social Structure
• Wealth was distributed very unevenly throughout
Europe.
• The richest 5% of the population received 33%
of all national income
• Only 20 percent of the population was middle
class or wealthy and they received 50-60% of all
national income.
• The tiny elite of the very rich and the sizable
mass of the poor were separated from each
other by a range of subclasses, each trying to
rise to the class above them.
Aristocracy
Middle Classes
*Upper
*Middle
*Lower
Working Class
*Labor Aristocracy
*Semiskilled
*Unskilled
The Upper Class
• The upper middle
class included the
most successful
industrialists,
bankers, and
merchants.
Increasingly, it
merged with the
aristocracy.
Middle Middle Class
• Middle ranks included
doctors, lawyers, and
moderately
successful bankers
and industrialists.
Lower Middle Class
• The lower middle
class included small
business owners,
salespeople, store
managers, clerks, and
other white-collar
employees.
Middle-Class Culture
• Middle-class people
were loosely united
by a certain style of
life and culture.
Middle-Class Culture
•
•
•
•
•
•
Food & dinner parties
Servants
Housing
Clothing
Education
They were also united by a shared code of
behavior and morality such as no
gambling or public drunkenness, fidelity
and knowing right from wrong.
The Working Classes
• About 4 out 5 people belong to this class.
• Labor aristocracy or “Highly Skilled”
• Skilled workers lived very different lives
from the semiskilled and unskilled.
• Skilled workers’ income approached that
of the lower middle classes.
• Skilled workers tended to embrace the
middle-class moral code.
Semiskilled
• Semiskilled and unskilled workers included
many different occupations, from
carpenters and bricklayers to
longshoremen.
Unskilled
• Domestic servants
were a large
proportion of the
population. In Britain
1 of every 7 persons
was a domestic
servant in 1911
Working-Class Leisure and
Religion
• Working-class leisure included drinking in
taverns; watching sports, especially racing
and soccer; and attending music hall
performances.
• Working-class church attendance declined
in the nineteenth century.