Transcript Ethics in the Marketplace - Providence University College

Ethics in the Marketplace
213.32
Week 2
Winter 2015
Providence University College
Golden Rule in the Bible
Love your neighbor as yourself.
Lev 19:18 & Mk 12:13
Whatever you desire others to do to you, do to them.
Matt 7:12 & Luke 6:31
What do you notice?
Golden Rule in the Bible
what I notice
 Leviticus
• love the alien as your self?
 Mark
• after the “contest”, an honest question
Golden Rule in the Bible
what I notice
 Matthew
 Luke
• in Sermon on the Mount
• in the Sermon on the Plain
 Beatitudes
 Beatitudes
 sacrificial love
 love your enemies
 overwhelming generosity
» turn the cheek
» give them your
clothing
» lend to them
without expecting to
get anything back
 God is overwhelmingly
generous
of God
» an appropriate
response from us
» we should be just
like Him
Golden Rule in the Bible
what I notice
 not
• all the same
• always a “primary rule”
• a “contract” between people
Golden Rule in the Bible
what I conclude
 overwhelming generosity
 much more than the “golden rule”
For Fri
ch 1
• on quiz
ch 2
• NOT on quiz
 think of 1 question you
want to ask
“The Social
Responsibility Business
Is To Increase Its
Profits”
• Friedman
 read by Fri
• on quiz
 think of 1 thing you
want to say
Cases
Each case:
 What ethical systems used?
• by the protagonist
• by other actors
Identifying Ethical Systems
Identifying Ethical Systems
should
normative

results
consequentialist

motives
non-consequentialist
1. egoism
3. Kantian
2. utilitarianism
4. prima facie principles

act-utilitarianism

rule-utilitarianism
5. moral rights
Identifying Ethical Systems
should

results
1. egoism best for me
2. utilitarianism best for everyone
 act-utilitarianism case-by-case
 rule-utilitarianism rule-of-thumb
Identifying Ethical Systems
should

results

motives
1. best for me
3. Kantian reason
2. best for everyone
4. prima facie principles

case-by-case

rule-of-thumb
5. moral rights
Identifying Ethical Systems
should


results
motives
1. best for me
3. reason
2. best for everyone
4. principles

case-by-case

rule-of-thumb
Egoism
5. rights
1. Egoism
misplaced attacks
 self-indulgence
 hedonism
 only pretending
reasonable attacks
 not a moral theory
 psychological egoism not observed
 ignores “reality”
Identifying Ethical Systems
should


results
motives
1. best for me
3. reason
2. best for everyone
4. principles

case-by-case

rule-of-thumb
Utilitarianism
5. rights
2. Utilitarianism
in organizations
 clear & “straightforward” process
 “objective” criteria
 results-oriented
2. Utilitarianism
criticisms
 workable?
 just?
 relentless?
 some acts just seem wrong
2. Utilitarianism
2 streams
 act utilitarianism
• case-by-case
 rule utilitarianism
• rule-of-thumb
“judge codes, not actions”
Identifying Ethical Systems
should

results

motives
1. best for me
3. reason
2. best for everyone
4. principles

case-by-case

rule-of-thumb
5. rights
Kant
3. Kant
reason
 circumstances
• must be ignored
 intentions
• only duty
 universal application
• test
3. Kant
 “a categorical imperative”
 “means not ends”
3. Kant
in organizations
 firm rules
 focus on
• individual
• motivation
3. Kant
criticisms
 why
• only duty acceptable?
• no exceptions?
 what does “means not ends” mean?
Identifying Ethical Systems
should

results

motives
1. best for me
3. reason
2. best for everyone
4. principles

case-by-case

rule-of-thumb
5. rights
prima facie principles
4. Prima Facie Principles
 10 commandments
 love God; love others
 Golden Rule
4. Prima Facie Principles
“everyone agrees on some basic rules”
 in hierarchy
4. Prima Facie Principles
Ross
 7 duties
• fidelity
• reparation
• gratitude
• justice
• beneficence
• self-improvement
• non-injury
4. Prima Facie Principles
criticisms
 universal?
• what happens if someone disagrees?
 conflicting
Identifying Ethical Systems
should

results

motives
1. best for me
3. reason
2. best for everyone
4. principles

case-by-case

rule-of-thumb
5. rights
moral rights
5. Moral Rights
The Declaration of the Rights of Man
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
 http://www.un.org/en/documents/udhr/index.shtml
5. Moral Rights
understanding
 duties & rights
 positive rights & negative rights
5. Moral Rights
criticisms
 what
• is on the list?
 who
• draws up the list?
• is eligible?
• is responsible?
 how much?
 rights contests
Fri
Quiz
Friedman “The Social Responsibility…
 New York Times Magazine
• 1970
 Milton Friedman
• 1912 – 2006
• Nobel Prize in Economics
• Chicago School of Economics
• "the most influential economist of the second half
of the 20th century…possibly of all of it”
 The Economist, obituary, 2006
 1 thing you want to say
Friedman “The Social Responsibility…
 What’s the basic case?
 Why is it attractive?
 Why don’t business people say it?
 What objections have been made?
 How would you respond?
textbook ch 2
 1 question you want to ask