Transcript chapter 3
Crime and Punishment Chapter Three Review Chapter One • • • • Love – Hate relationship with family Guilt Rasumikhin loves Dunya Razumikhin - all things admired by D Women = complete • “Avdotya Romanovna was remarkably good looking, tall, wonderfully trim, strong, self confident, as showed in her every gesture, but without in the least detracting from the softness and grace of her movements. She resembled her brother in looks, and could even be called a beauty. . . .It was understandable that Razumikhin, ardent, sincere, simple, honest, strong as a folk hero, and drunk, who had never seen anything like that lost his head at first sight.” Chapter Two • Raz believes Raskalnikov is good and kind, but unable to show it. • Raskalnikov sees these traits as “ordinary” so insults them. • Luzhin’s letter shows what an ass he is. Razumikhin • “I’ve known Rodion for a year and a half: sullen, gloomy, arrogant, proud; recently (and maybe much earlier) insincere and hypochondriac. Magnanimous and kind. Doesn’t like voicing his feelings, and would rather do something cruel than speak his heart out in words. . . Two opposite characters in him.” Chapter Three • “Through facial expressions, intonations, or perhaps choice of words impressions are made.” • In pairs examine text for evidence - three minutes. • “sullen face brightened momentarily, as if with light, when his mother and sister entered . . . “ Alienation and Isolation • Doestoevsky’s believes: • Chief result of crime is not guilt, but separation • Alienation from humanity • “Stepping over” Christian morality = “stepping outside” of the human community • Man can’t endure isolation Lasination • “that not only would he never have the chance to talk all he wanted, but that it was not longer possible for him to talk at all, with anyone, about anything ever.” Raskalnikov • “I should like to impress upon you that it is necessary to eliminate the original, so to speak, radical causes that influenced the onset of your ill condition; only then will you be cured; otherwise it will get even worse.” zossimov Chapter Four • • • • • Sonia = human suffering Sonia = Sophia ( wisdom) Prostitute = vermin Almost a caste system “You’re the perfect picture of him, not so much in looks as in soul: you’re both melancholic, both sullen, and hot tempered, both arrogant, and both magnanimous.” • Svidrogalov introduced on 244 Chapter Five • Great detective scene - battling of wits, psychological battle, mutual admiration. • Causes of crime • 19th century views Crime • Socialists • No inequities - no crime • Crime is a protest of social order Teacher of the year! ME! Doesn’t account for human nature. Perfect society (if exists) is in the hearts of people Utilitarians reduce human life to economics Razumikhin = D Ruzimikhin • “It started with the views of the socialists. Their views are well known; crime is a protest against the abnormality of the social set-up – that alone and nothing more, no other causes are admitted . . . With them one is always a victim of the environment – and nothing else! . . . That if society itself is normally set up, all crimes will at once disappear, because there will be no treason for protesting and everyone will instantly become righteous. Nature isn’t taken into account, nature is driven out, nature is not supposed to be! With them it’s not mankind developing all along in a historical, living way “On Crime” • “all people are somehow divided into ordinary and extraordinary. The ordinary must live in obedience an have no right to transgress the law, because they are, after all, ordinary. While the extraordinary have the right to commit all sorts of crimes and in various ways transgress the law.” Razhumikin’s response “is that you do finally permit bloodshed in all conscience and , if I may say so, even with such fanaticism . . So this is the main point of your article. This permission to shed blood in all conscience is . . . Is to my mind more horrible than if bloodshed were officially, legally permitted. . .” Porfiry echoes. Chapter Six • Unable to kill without impunity = suffering for Raskalnikov • “You are a murderer” • Dream of the laughing pawnbroker • Svidrigailov Freedom and Law • Socialist believe: • Man with education could become completely rational • Not good or evil; value in the specific choice • Situational ethics Wiki Situational Ethics • Situational ethics, or situation ethics, is a Christian ethical theory that was principally developed in the 1980s by the Episcopal priest Joseph Fletcher. It basically states that sometimes other moral principles can be cast aside in certain situations if love is best served; as Paul Tillich once put it: "Love is the ultimate law". The moral principles Fletcher is specifically referring to are the moral codes of Christianity and the type of love he is specifically referring to is 'Agape' love. Agapē is a term which comes from Greek which means absolute, universal, unchanging and unconditional love for all people. Fletcher believed that in forming an ethical system based on love, he was best expressing the notion of 'love thy neighbour', which Jesus Christ taught in the Gospels of the New Testament of the Bible. Through situational ethics, Fletcher attempted to find a 'middle road' between legalistic and antinomian ethics. Fletcher developed situational ethics in his books: The Classic Treatment and Situation Ethics. Freedom and Law • Doestoyevsky’s Beliefs • Humanity can’t survive if there are no inviolable laws • Christianity is a way of life that pervades every aspect of a culture • Customs, laws, social framework • Instinctual knowledge of right and wrong • Transgression will result in psychic disintegrations • Ethics = heart • If man doesn’t listen to heart – then ethics = convenience and morality loses foundation Raskalnikov • “it wasn’t a human being I killed, it was a principle! So I killed the principle, but I didn’t step over, I stayed on this side. All I managed to do was kill. And I didn’t even manage that, as it turns out. Why was this little fool Raz abusing socialists. They’re hardworking, commercial people,concerned with universal happiness. . . I don’t want to sit waiting for universal happiness. . .” On Sonia • “They give everything . . Their eyes are meek and gentle . . . Sonya” • Doestoyevsky said that a life without God or goodness is a life without meaning.