Transcript Balczewo - YPEF Young People in European Forests

Environmental
and forest track
BALCZEWO-REJNA
Ścieżka
przyrodniczo-leśna
BALCZEWO-REJNA
1. Leśniczówka Balczewo
2. Zrąb
3. Cisy
4. Użytek ekologiczny
5. Fazy rozwojowe drzewostanów
6. Dęby
7. Rezerwat „Balczewo”
8. Podszyt
9. Sosna
10. Przebudowa drzewostanów
11. Żywicowanie
12. Las mieszany
13. Budowa piętrowa lasu
14. Partia kontrolna
15. Poletko łowieckie
16. Rezerwat „Rejna”
1.Forester’s lodge Balczewo
2. Logging
3. Yews
4. Ecolical use
5. Nursery
6. Oaks
7. Forest preserve
„Balczewo”
8. Undergrowth
9. Pine
13. Floored build of forest
10. Trees rebuilding 14. Control set
11. Resining
15. Hunting plot
12. Mixed forest
16. Forest preserve „Rejna”
Forester’s lodge
Balczewo
Forestry headquarter, fundamental
subdivision of forestry
management. Forester’s lodge is
the forester’s home and an office at
the same time, which is used to
receive clients.
Logging
A place, which is planned to boot
new generations of forest. Mature
trees are systematically replaced
with younger ones. Cutting down
trees is permitted in order to
rebuild the forest.
Yews
They are conifers, long-lived and really
appreciated for their wood. Seeds,
needles and bark of yews have
poisonous alkaloid called taxine.
Ecolical use
This is a form of wildlife conservation,
where unique types of species are
protected.
Development phases of tree stands
Foresters differentiate the following consecutive periods of
tree stand. CULTIVATION - the period from planting to the
moment when trees begin to touch the branches – tree
stand enter then in phase of young forest stand, next begin
intensive growth on the length and tree stand passes by the
next two developmental phases: CANE PHASE and a bit
fatter ROD PHASE. After this period ends growth on the
length and begins increase on the thickness – tree stand
ripen, there is a period of ripeness of rębna, and then the
phase of tree stand dying. The whole developmental cycle,
depending on the species, takes 80 to 180 years.
The oaks
Hardwood of valued wood, grows
best in good soils. As native
species - naturally growing in our
conditions, we can name: a)
English Oak, whose leaves are
embedded on short petioles (to 10
mm) and lateral nerves on leaves
both come to end flaps and
indentation between them, b)
Sessile Oak have leaves deposited
on petioles (to 25 mm), lateral
nerves generally reach only to the
end flaps. The most common of
foreign species is Red Oak of
variable leaves with 5 or more
sharply serrated flaps.
Reserve Balczewo
Nature reserve is an area including naturally
preserved conditions or little changed
ECOSYSTEMS, in that natural habitats having
an essential value because of scientific, natural,
cultural or landscape reasons. Reserve WILD
FOWL BALCZEWO was created in January 16,
1963 on the surface of 24,4 ha to keep nesting
sites of water and marsh birds, but especially
CRANE.
Undergrowth
It usually consists of shrubs (elderberry, hazel, strawberry bush,
barberry, dogwood, etc.) There are often trees in the layer of
undergrowth, which do not have shrubs in their neighborhood.
Inhibition of growth of such trees can be caused by too little quantity of
light reaching the undergrowth or poverty of the soil.
Undergrowth plays very important roles:
-protecting the soil against erosion
-darkening the soil which reduces water evaporation
-protection against the penetration of wind
-introduction of circulation of mineral compounds
-dropping leaves enriches the soil in large amounts of mulch, which
decaying improves soil fertility
-creating advantageous living conditions for beneficial insects,
amphibians, reptiles and mammals, contributing through it to the
growth of the natural resistance of biological stands.
Pine
Scots pine is a tree from the pine
family covering about 100 species.
In our country there are 4 native
species: in the mountains pine
pine, mountain pine, pine mud; in
the lowlands Scots pine. The
species are valued for their wood
which is used in building and
furniture industry, for production
of pulp and paper. Sometimes it
grows in very fancy forms and
creates interesting forest
landscapes. In Gniewkowo Forest
District it takes over 90% of the
forest area.
Tree stand conversion
Speaking of rebuilding tree stands should be understood as a
change in the existing tree stand, consisting of logging of its
parts (in the form for example: nasts, cut them max. on the 30%
of the area). Then on nasts introduce leafy species such as oak
or beech, that after the period when these trees reach height
of min. 2 m cut the rest of the tree stand and form after the cut
area stock properly with soil-habitats conditions.
RESIN
It was based on the skilful pressing
the tree’s ARROW with the help of
special tools, and then placed cup
extract resin. From the obtained
resin, rosin and turpentine used in
the chemical industry.
MIXED FOREST
In forestry , as well as in
agriculture, operates the
concepts related to the fertility of
the land. It is very important
because it allows for the best
selection types of trees which
can grow in a particular place –
HABITAT. We can distinguish the
following habitats : BORY,
FORESTS and OLSY.
STOREYS CONSTRUCTION OF
FOREST
The most important
feature of forest is
multilayered. In the
conditions of Central
Europe distinguishes 4
layers: TREE STANDS,
UNDERGROWTH and
mosses and ferns.
CONTROL PART
It is a surface of about 1 ha , on which
every autumn after the first frost in the
soil and litter sought HARMFUL PINE
PESTS .
HUNTING PLOT
A small area located among the most groves ,
designed for growing plants , serving the beasts of
the wild living as prey . It distinguishes between plots
hunting ŻEROWE- grown on them agricultural plants ,
especially root crops and legumes and plot bite ,
where are planted trees and shrubs species such as
hawthorn , willow , raspberries , lime , wild fruit trees ,
etc . The main base zero in this accident are young
shoots grow back .
REJNA RESERVE
Created January 31, 1962 year to 5.78 ha area in
order to protect the stepowa cherries - very rare
shrub growing up to 1.5 meters in height. The
peculiarity of the reserve are present in the layer of
fleece dziewięćsił bezłodygowy and sasanka polna.