Transcript 112884_Plantae_Kingdom.ppt

Plantae Kingdom has 2 groups of
plants
1. Non vascular: are small
plants due to their inability to
transport water.
Example: mosses, lichens
liverworts and hornworts.
Mosses
Lichens
Liverworts
Hornworts
2. Vascular
Have the ability to transport water and food
through their vascular bundles which contain
xylem and phloem.
• Seedless: Examples: ferns, club mosses and
horsetails.
• Seeds: Gymnosperms-cone bearing
Angiosperms-flower bearing
monocots and dicots
seedless
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Seeds
2 types of vascular seeded plants
• Woody = woody stems live many years
Ex: Trees, shrubs and vines
• Herbaceous = vegetative stems and they
live one to many years
Ex: grasses, sedges, lilies, wildflowers
Types of plant growth
• Annual – plant which lives for only one
year. It grows from a seed, reproduces
and dies in one year. Ex: marigold rose
• Biennial – plant which lives for 2 years, it
grows from a seed the 1st year, but is only
vegetative. The 2nd year it grows back and
produces flowers and seeds, then dies.
• Ex: Forget-me-not
Forget-me-not
Perennials
• Perennial- plant which lives for 3+ years.
The 1st few years are vegetative and then
it reproduces annually flowers year after
year.
– Herbaceous perennials usually die back to the
root each year. Ex. Iris, peony, ferns, daisy
– Woody perennials just lose their leaves each
fall.
perennials
Plant Anatomy and Physiology
• 4 major parts of a plant
1. Leaves – Function-photosynthesis is
the process of converting radiant energy
(sun) to chemical energy (glucose).
6CO2+ 6H2O + sun  C6H12O6 + 6O2
Carbon water
glucose oxygen
dioxide
2. The stem
Stem functions
a) support
b) display leaves
c) conduct food, water and minerals
d) some do photosynthesis
e) lenticels= are spots on the stem
which perform gas exchange.
Stem anatomy
Woody stem cross section
• 2 types of conductive tissue
– 1. xylem= transports water and minerals.
– 2. phloem= transports food
2 types of growth tissue
1. cambium located in the inner bark and between
phloem and xylem tubes. It’s function is to increase
the diameter of the stem.
2. apical meristem = located in the tips of stems and
tips of roots. It’s function is to increase in length or
height
Woody stem cross section