Fruits and Seeds
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Transcript Fruits and Seeds
Fruits and Seeds
introduction
What is the result of the
reproduction in flowers?
What is it that flowers produce?
Fruit and seeds.
Both of these are the result of
pollination,
Pollination of Flowers
Male- pollen- is transferred to the
female’s stigma.
A pollen tube grows down through
the style into the ovary to deliver
the sperm cell (pollen).
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MQiszdkOwuU
Fertilization occurs when the
sperm and egg are joined= seed
Fruit
Fruits occur after a flower has been
pollinated.
The flower petals fall off
The ovary and other surrounding parts
enlarge and develop into a fruit
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v
=bwCpQflmQG4
The fruit is a seed bearing organ
Encloses the seeds
Protects the seed
Means of dispersal of the seed
Ripened, seed-bearing plant ovaries
Vary in form, color, size, texture and
number – aids in identification
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v
=4ttRgMj7PdQ
2 Types of Fruits
Fleshy fruits
Juicy and brightly colored
Dry Fruits
Dry
fruits (nuts, beans)
Generally
grey, brown, or another
dull color
Thin and dry ovary wall
Food is largely confined to the
seeds.
Seeds:
A mature, fertilized ovules, or
eggs, that are contained within a
fruit.
Range in sizes and shapes
Disbursed in different manners:
wind, animals,
Radicle
Radicle
Radicle
Seed Anatomy
Embryo:
a complete miniature plant in resting
stage.
It has roots, stems, and one or 2
leaves called cotyledons.
Monocots
Dicots
have 1 cotyledon.
have 2 cotyledons.
EndospermFood Storage Tissue
Tissues that contain stored, sugar, proteins and
fats and oils.
Used by the plant in its first stages of growth and
development.
Plants like corn have much of their food in the
endosperm.
Other plants like beans have theirs stored in the
cotyledons
Radicle
Embryonic root
First to emerge from seed coat
during germination
Seed Coverings
Seed Coat
Tissues that surrounds the embryo
and endosperm
Functions to protect the seed from
moisture loss, injury, and other
unfavorable conditions.
Distribution of Seeds
Wind
Water
Animals
Explosive
Some seeds have special
adaptions to help them move
farther from the parent plant
ExplosivePea family
As the pod dries in the sun tension is
placed on the seed coat.
When the seed coat burst it acts like
a spring, ejecting the seed a distance
from the parent
Germination
When the embryo begins to
actively grow
In order for seeds to germinate:
Must be viable (good)
Must not be dormant, or in a period
where growth is not possible.
Must be exposed to the right
environment
What is the right
environment?
Must have water (starts the
germination process)
Good temperatures
Oxygen must be present
Need either light or dark
depending upon the type of seeds.
3 Stages in Germination
Stage 1: Activation
Inbibition (take up) of water
This can happen if the seed is
alive or dead
Stage 2: Digestion
Embryo begins to digest or eat
the fats, proteins and sugars in
the endosperm
Stage 3: Seedling
growth
Cells
at the growing points
divide Cells elongate
Radicle emerges:
Radicle the growing point
at the root (the first
structure to emerge from
the seed coat.