Fruits and Seeds

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Transcript Fruits and Seeds

Fruits and Seeds
introduction
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What is the result of the
reproduction in flowers?
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What is it that flowers produce?
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Fruit and seeds.
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Both of these are the result of
pollination,
Pollination of Flowers
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Male- pollen- is transferred to the
female’s stigma.
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A pollen tube grows down through
the style into the ovary to deliver
the sperm cell (pollen).
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MQiszdkOwuU
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Fertilization occurs when the
sperm and egg are joined= seed
Fruit
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Fruits occur after a flower has been
pollinated.
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The flower petals fall off
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The ovary and other surrounding parts
enlarge and develop into a fruit
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v
=bwCpQflmQG4
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The fruit is a seed bearing organ
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Encloses the seeds
Protects the seed
Means of dispersal of the seed
Ripened, seed-bearing plant ovaries
Vary in form, color, size, texture and
number – aids in identification
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v
=4ttRgMj7PdQ
2 Types of Fruits
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Fleshy fruits
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Juicy and brightly colored
Dry Fruits
 Dry
fruits (nuts, beans)
 Generally
grey, brown, or another
dull color
 Thin and dry ovary wall
 Food is largely confined to the
seeds.
Seeds:
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A mature, fertilized ovules, or
eggs, that are contained within a
fruit.
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Range in sizes and shapes
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Disbursed in different manners:
 wind, animals,
Radicle
Radicle
Radicle
Seed Anatomy

Embryo:
a complete miniature plant in resting
stage.
 It has roots, stems, and one or 2
leaves called cotyledons.
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 Monocots
 Dicots
have 1 cotyledon.
have 2 cotyledons.
EndospermFood Storage Tissue
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Tissues that contain stored, sugar, proteins and
fats and oils.
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Used by the plant in its first stages of growth and
development.
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Plants like corn have much of their food in the
endosperm.
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Other plants like beans have theirs stored in the
cotyledons
Radicle
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Embryonic root
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First to emerge from seed coat
during germination
Seed Coverings
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Seed Coat
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Tissues that surrounds the embryo
and endosperm
Functions to protect the seed from
moisture loss, injury, and other
unfavorable conditions.
Distribution of Seeds
Wind
 Water
 Animals
 Explosive
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Some seeds have special
adaptions to help them move
farther from the parent plant
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ExplosivePea family
 As the pod dries in the sun tension is
placed on the seed coat.
 When the seed coat burst it acts like
a spring, ejecting the seed a distance
from the parent
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Germination
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When the embryo begins to
actively grow
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In order for seeds to germinate:
Must be viable (good)
 Must not be dormant, or in a period
where growth is not possible.
 Must be exposed to the right
environment

What is the right
environment?
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Must have water (starts the
germination process)
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Good temperatures
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Oxygen must be present
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Need either light or dark
depending upon the type of seeds.
3 Stages in Germination
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Stage 1: Activation
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Inbibition (take up) of water
This can happen if the seed is
alive or dead
Stage 2: Digestion
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Embryo begins to digest or eat
the fats, proteins and sugars in
the endosperm
Stage 3: Seedling
growth
 Cells
at the growing points
divide Cells elongate
 Radicle emerges:
Radicle the growing point
at the root (the first
structure to emerge from
the seed coat.