Transcript Plant STERNGRR

Plants
Module 13
Plants share common characteristics
• Photosynthetic autotrophs
(use the sun’s energy to make sugar/glucose)
• Multicellular
(made of eukaryotic cells)
• Producers
(are the base of the food web in ecosystems)
Plant Classification
2 major categories:
1. Non-vascular
(no tubes / vessels)
2. Vascular
(tubes/vessels for transport)
Plant Classification
Vascular plants are further divided
1. Seedless
(use spores for reproduction)
2. Seeded
(use seeds for reproduction)
Plant Classification
Seed plants are further divided
1. Gymnosperms
(seeds in cones)
2. Angiosperms
(seeds in fruits that develop from flowers)
STERNGRR Processes
Synthesis:
• Photosynthesis used to make food
• Protein synthesis
Chloroplasts
STERNGRR Processes
Transport:
• Non-vascular plants use osmosis
• Vascular plants have xylem to transport
water and phloem to transport food (in
vascular bundle / vein)
FOOD
WATER
STERNGRR Processes
Excretion:
• Tiny openings in the leaf called stomata allow
gas exchange; regulated by guard cells
• Wastes may be stored in leaves that fall off in
autumn
STERNGRR Processes
Respiration:
• Use oxygen and sugar to produce ATP for
energy
STERNGRR Processes
Nutrition:
• Sugar produced in photosynthesis is used for
cellular respiration or stored for later use.
STERNGRR Processes
Growth and Development:
• Seeds germinate to start the process of
development into a new plant
STERNGRR Processes
Asexual Reproduction:
• Occurs through the process of
vegetative propagation
STERNGRR Processes
Spores:
• Produced by non-vascular and
seedless vascular plants for
reproduction
STERNGRR Processes
Seeds:
• Found in cones in gymnosperms
• Found in fruits that develop from
flowers in angiosperms
STERNGRR Processes
Flowers:
• Male parts
Stamen - anther and
filament
• Female parts
Pistil – stigma, style
and ovary
STERNGRR Processes
Flowers:
• Pollination occurs
• Fertilization occurs
when pollen (male)
when a sperm (in
is transferred to the
pollen) meets egg
stigma (female)
(in ovary)
STERNGRR Processes
Regulation
• Hormones – regulate growth and control responses
to stimuli (Ex. auxin, cytokinen, ethylene)
• Tropisms – growth responses to external stimuli
Plant Adaptations - Leaf
Cuticle
Carnivorous
Surface area
Protection
Plant Adaptations - Stem
Tuber
Tendrils
Succulent
Runners
Plant Adaptations - Root
Taproot
Fibrous Roots
Root hairs