Transcript How are polar bears adapted?

Adaptation
L.O: To understand how plants and
animals are adapted for survival
1. Where do I live? How do you know I live here?
2. Where do I live? How do you know I live here?
3. Where do I live? How do you know I live here?
4. Where do I live? How do you know I live here?
5. Where do I live? How do you know I live here?
6. Where do I live? How do you know I live here?
7. Where do I live? How do you know I live here?
8. Where do I live? How do you know I live here?
9. Where do I live? How do you know I live here?
10. Where do I live? How do you know I live here?
1. List features which allow animals and plants to live in warm
climates like the desert and cold climates like the arctic.
And features which organisms have to deter predators.
2. Describe adaptations of given organisms
3. Explain the relationship between surface area and volume
4. Explain the effects of changing the surface area of a leaf
What is an adaptation?
A habitat is only populated by organisms that are
adapted to survive there.
Adaptations are special features or behaviours that
make an organism particularly suited to its environment.
Adaptations are a part of the evolutionary process.
Why is it important that living things are adapted to their
environment?
Adaptations increase an organism’s chance of survival
and so increase its chance of reproducing.
Why is reproduction so important for all living species?
How are polar bears adapted?
How are polar bears adapted to life in an extremely cold
climate?
Small ears help to reduce
heat loss.
Thick fur and a thick
layer of body fat insulate
from the cold.
White fur acts as
camouflage.
Large feet spread the
body’s weight. The wide
paws act as good paddles
and snow shoes.
How are polar bears adapted?
Other adaptations that polar bears have evolved to cope
with conditions in the harsh polar environment are:
Eyes have brown irises
to reduce the glare from
sunlight reflection.
Greasy fur repels water
and keeps the bear dry.
Skin is actually black
to absorb any heat
transmitted through
the hairs.
Body surface area is
small compared to volume
to reduce heat loss.
How is a camel adapted?
How is a camel adapted to life in a very hot, dry climate?
Brown coat for camouflage.
Fat is stored in the hump.
There is no other body fat
to prevent overheating.
Loses little water through
sweating or urine.
Long, thin legs mean the
body surface area is large
compared to volume
to increase heat loss.
Wide feet for spreading
body weight over soft
shifting sand.
How is a camel adapted?
Other adaptations that camels have evolved to cope
with conditions in the harsh desert environment are:
Nostrils can close
when needed to
protect the camel
in sandstorms.
Ears are lined with
fur to prevent sand
and dust from
getting in.
A very varied diet,
ranging from grass
and bark to thorns
and bones, is eaten.
Long eyelashes
protect the eyes
from sand and
dust.
How is a cactus adapted?
How is a cactus adapted to life in a very hot, dry climate?
Thick, waxy surface
to reduce water loss.
Leaves are narrow spines
that reduce water loss and
protect from predators.
Stores water in fleshy stem.
Plant surface area is
small compared to volume
to reduce water loss.
Some have shallow,
spreading roots for
surface water, others
have deep roots.
Use pages 82-85 and the video clips to fill out
the adaptation sheet.
How does the surface area of a leaf
affect its water loss?
Make a prediction based on what you know about adaptation to
water loss
What are the independent and dependent variables?
What type of data is the independent and dependent variable?
No of
leaves
Mass
Mass next
Before (g) week (g)
Mass Lost (g)
How are leaves adapted to reduce
water loss
This graph shows that
as temperature
increases the leaves
hold more water – an
adaptation to allow it
to survive and still
have water in soaring
heat.
What will the graphs look like for
• Cuticle thickness and temperature
• Surface area and humidity
• Yearly rainfall and water storage capacity
Banana plant
Hyacinth
Hyacinth
Lemongrass (native to India)
Umbrella Plant
Design an animal which could survive in one of the following
habitats. Consider how this animal is going to stay warm or cool,
what it is going to eat, how it is going to get its food and water, and
how it is going to care for its young to make sure they survive. Your
animal must FIT INTO the existing food chain - it cannot be the
ultimate predator (the one which can eat everything else and
nothing can eat it)
1: This planet is dark and cold most of the time. It is very mountainous. It
rains almost all day. Because of the wet, dark conditions, the only plants that
grow well are small mosses and funguses. Animals on this planet include a
type of mouse, a nocturnal hunting large cat, fish, and a variety of insects.
2: This planet is dry and hot. Most of the planet is flat. Water is found in
underground streams but there is little water on the surface of the planet.
Most of the planet's surface is covered in sand, although there are patches of
dry grass. When plants can get their roots down into the water table, they
grow into tall trees with leaves at the top but not along the trunk. Plants
which are not connected to the water table are small and dry, but they are
edible. Animals on this planet include insects, a species of birds which roost
in the high trees, a sand-colored lizard and a type of rat.