Transcript Honors Biology Module 14

Honors Biology
Module 14
Kingdom Plantae: Anatomy and
Classification
March 10, 2016
Notebook check today
Through module 13
I will also be collecting lab books at the end
of today’s class.
Class Challenge
Twins Day
March 10, 2015 - Quiz 24
Indicate with arrows
 the direction of
blood flow into and
out of the human
heart.
Can you name and
identify all of the
arteries and veins ?
Blood Flow through the heart
Kingdom Plantae: Anatomy and
Classification
Botany: Is the study of plants
There are many ways to look at and analyze
plants.
Determine if they are….
Woody (Perennial): It has trunks and/or
woody stems and it typically grows year
after year.
Annual (herbaceous): These plants do not
have woody parts and they typically live
for only one year.
Biennial: Plants that live for two years.
Typically they store food during the first
season of growth and then reproduce in
the second season.
When you begin to study plants
They have certain organs and tissues. They
can be classified into two groups:
1. Vegetative organs: the parts of a plant
(stems, roots and leaves) that are not
involved in reproduction,
2. Reproductive plant organs: The parts
of a plant (flowers, fruits and seeds)
involved in reproduction.
Is a tomato a fruit or vegetable?
Clue:
If a food item is a reproductive plant organ, it
is a fruit.
If it is a vegetative organ, it is a vegetable.
So, what is it?
A tomato is a fruit !!!
Many of the foods we call “vegetables” are
seeds or containers of seeds (peas, corn)
Vegetative edibles: Carrots (roots), lettuce,
celery
Plants have 4 basic kinds of tissues
1. Meristematic tissue: contains cells that
are undifferentiated (cells that have not
specialized in any particular function).
They can develop through mitosis into
any tissue that the plant needs.
2. Ground tissue: is the most common
plant tissue. These cells provide storage
for starches and oils that the plant needs.
Other ground tissue provides for
metabolism through photosynthesis. Also
cells for ground tissue help to support the
plant.
3. Dermal tissue: This is generally made
out of a single layer of cells. It protects the
plant by providing a shield between the
environment and the plant’s internal
tissues. This shield can stop many
pathogenic bacterial and fungi.
It can also prevent needed chemicals inside
the plant from leaking out into the
environment.
The dermal tissue in the roots of a plant is
also responsible for absorbing water and
minerals that the plant needs.
4. Vascular tissue: This is not present in all
plants. However, the majority of plants
have it. It is used to carry water and
dissolved material (minerals) throughout
the plant. (Think of it as the same as
blood vessels in animals)
A. Xylem: nonliving vascular tissue that
carries water and dissolved minerals from
the roots of a plant and its leaves. (Cells
have thicker walls and cells die after they
mature)
B. Phloem: Living vascular tissue that
carries sugar and organic substances
throughout the plant. (Cells continue to live
after they mature)
Major parts of a Leaf
Figure 14.1
Simple and Compound Leaves
Figure 14.2
A simple leaf is one leaf attached to the stem
by a single petiole. A compound leaf has
several leaflets attached to a single petiole.
Leaf Arrangement
3 Main Leaf Mosaics
Figure 14.3
The arrangement of leaves on the stem
Botanists classify leaves using 3 characteristics:
Shape, margin and venation
Common Leaf
Shapes
Figure 14.4
Leaf Margins
Figure 14.5
Leaf Venations
Figure 14.6
Sample Classification
On Your Own 14.4
Page 435
Plant Structure
• http://youtu.be/zHp_voyo7MY
Plant Nutrition and Transport
http://youtu.be/bsY8j8f54I0
Great Website on Tree
Identification
http://texastreeid.tamu.edu/content/howToID
/#bark
Experiment 14.1
Leaf Collection and Identification
Object: To become familiar with the various
trees in your area.
Homework
Read Module 14 Pages 442-458;
Answer OYO questions 14.1 – 14.10;
Answer Study Guide questions a-k and 2-11;
Quiz: Know parts of the leaf: Figure 14.1
Figure 14.3 – 14.6
Happy Spring Break!