Transcript Ecology and Biome Review - Effingham County Schools

Ecology and Biome Review
Vocabulary
Characteristics that help and
organism survive
Adaptations
Organisms that eat both plants
and animals
Omnivores
A region of the earth that is
characterized by the climate and
organisms that live there
Biome
A relationship in which both
organisms benefit from each
other
Mutualism
A diagram that shows a single
pathway of energy flow
Food chain
Living factors in an environment
Biotic
Organisms that feed on dead
animals
Scavengers
Name the Biome!
Cold Desert, permafrost
• Tundra
Most Biodiversity
• Tropical Rain forest
Freshwater meets saltwater
Estuary
Wet and dry season
Grasslands
Hot day, cold night
Desert
Leaves change colors
• Deciduous Forest
Evergreens, Snow, Pine trees
Taiga, Coniferous forest
Lichen, moss, snowy owl
Tundra
Nutrient-poor soil, wet
Tropical Rain forest
Most abundant producer in the
ocean
Phytoplankton
Which of the following
statements about savannas is
true?
a. During the wet season, they receive little
rain.
b.Their inhabitants include large herbivores.
c. They are characterized by steep mountains.
d.They are characterized by having 4 seasons.
during the year.
a. During the wet season, they receive little
rain.
b.Their inhabitants include large
herbivores.
c. They are characterized by steep mountains.
d.They are characterized by having 4 seasons.
during the year.
The first type of organism in any
food chain is a _______.
Producer
What type of consumer cannot be
the primary consumer?
Carnivore
____ are the main abiotic factors
that determine the type of biome
found in a region.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Rainfall and temperature
Shade and wildlife
Temperature and elevation
Soil color and acidity
____ are the main abiotic factors
that determine the type of biome
found in a region.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Rainfall and temperature
Shade and wildlife
Temperature and elevation
Soil color and acidity
What type of diagram shows how
energy is lost as you move up a
food chain?
Energy Pyramid
The most biologically diverse
biome is the
a.
b.
c.
d.
swamp.
grassland.
tundra.
tropical rain forest.
The most biologically diverse
biome is the
a.
b.
c.
d.
swamp.
grassland.
tundra.
tropical rain forest.
Which of the following describes
the location of the tundra biome?
a.
b.
c.
d.
East coast of the U.S.
Just north of the United States
North of Canada
Central America
Which of the following describes
the location of the tundra biome?
a.
b.
c.
d.
East coast of the U.S.
Just north of the United States
North of Canada
Central America
Leaves change colors on ____
trees in autumn.
a. coniferous
b.permafrost
c.
d.
deciduous
abiotic
Leaves change colors on ____
trees in autumn.
a. coniferous
b.permafrost
c.
d.
deciduous
abiotic
Deciduous trees are able to
conserve water in winter by
a.
b.
c.
d.
growing spines.
staying green year-round.
hibernating.
losing their leaves.
Deciduous trees are able to
conserve water in winter by
a. growing spines.
b.staying green year-round.
c. hibernating.
d.losing their leaves.
____ trees produce seeds in cones
and do NOT lose their leaves in
autumn.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Coniferous
Deciduous
Tropical
Abiotic
____ trees produce seeds in cones
and do NOT lose their leaves in
autumn.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Coniferous
Deciduous
Tropical
Abiotic
The topsoil in a tropical rain
forest is usually
a.
b.
c.
d.
nutrient rich and fertile.
swampy and rich
nutrient poor.
has permafrost
The topsoil in a tropical rain
forest is usually
a.
b.
c.
d.
nutrient rich and fertile.
swampy and rich
nutrient poor.
has permafrost
A ____ is a tropical grassland with scattered
clumps of trees.
a. prairie
b.savanna
c.
d.
pampas
steppe
A ____ is a tropical grassland with scattered
clumps of trees.
a. prairie
b.savanna
c.
d.
pampas
steppe
Salt and fresh water mix in
a. an estuary.
b.the Sargasso Sea.
c.
d.
a coral reef.
the benthic zone.
Salt and fresh water mix in
a.an estuary.
b.the Sargasso Sea.
c.
d.
a coral reef.
the benthic zone.
In temperate deciduous forests,
a. most trees lose their leaves in the fall to
survive the cold winter.
b.the soil is rich, and plants cover much of the
forest floor.
c. many animals eat nuts, berries, and leaves.
d.All of the above
In temperate deciduous forests,
a. most trees lose their leaves in the fall to
survive the cold winter.
b.the soil is rich, and plants cover much of the
forest floor.
c. many animals eat nuts, berries, and leaves.
d.All of the above
Tropical rain forests contain
a. many trees that form a tall, dense canopy
above the forest floor.
b.vines that climb tall tree trunks for support.
c. many low-growing plants that do not require
a lot of light.
d.All of the above
Tropical rain forests contain
a. many trees that form a tall, dense canopy
above the forest floor.
b.vines that climb tall tree trunks for support.
c. many low-growing plants that do not require a
lot of light.
d.All of the above
Which biome has the highest average
yearly rainfall?
a. deciduous forest
c.
tropical rain forest
b.coniferous forest
d.
grassland
Which biome has the highest average
yearly rainfall?
a. deciduous forest
c.
tropical rain forest
b.coniferous forest
d.
grassland
Which biome has the lowest average
yearly rainfall?
a. desert
b.savanna
c.
d.
Taiga
coniferous forest
Which biome has the lowest average
yearly rainfall?
a.desert
b.savanna
c.
d.
Taiga
coniferous forest
A role an organism plays in it’s
environment is called a ______
Niche
A group of the same species that
occupy an area are called a
______
Population
The study of how organisms
interact with one another and
their environment is called
_____.
Ecology
The area in which an organism
lives is called it’s _______.
Habitat
Organisms that can interbreed
and produce fertile offspring are
called __________.
Species
List three diagrams that show
how energy flows throughout an
ecosystem
Energy web, Food chain, and an
energy pyramid
Which biome includes animals who
have adapted to burrowing
themselves underground to escape
direct sunlight during the day and
come out during the cold night to
hunt for food?
Desert
What types of abiotic factors can
influence water biomes?
Water flow speed, depth, distance
from shore, temperature, salinity,
etc.
What is the difference between a
food web and a chain?
Food webs show many pathways
of energy flow and chains show
one pathway.
What is an adaptation of animals
found in the grassland biome?
-Grazing in herds do decrease the
probability of becoming prey
-Speed to catch prey or to get
away from predators
-Camo
-Hiding in tall grass
-Etc.
• Which biome is characterized by the
poorest soil?
a)Tropical Rainforest
b) Grassland
c)Savanna
d)Temperate Deciduous Forest
• a)Tropical Rainforest
• Which biome has 90 centimeters of rainfall
per year?
a)Desert
b)Grassland
c)Temperate Deciduous Forest
d)Tropical Rainforest
b)Grassland
Describe the biome
• This park marks a transition period between
two major biomes of North America.
Shannon has collected growth data on the
following trees: pine, spruce, fir, oak,
hickory, and maple. Based upon the types of
trees that she has collected data from, which
two biomes have overlap zones in Riverside
National Park?
• Temperate Deciduous Forest and Taiga
• Diane has seen Caribou foraging in tall
dense forests of conifer trees as well as
grazing on an abundance of lichen and moss
on flat open areas of land. Diane is most
likely studying the caribou along a border
that marks the transition between two
different biomes. Which two biomes are
these?
• Tundra and Taiga
• Complete the following analogy:
• High Salinity: Marine :: Mix of high and
low salinity: _________________________
• Estuary
• Lake
• Pond
• Ocean
• Estuary
• Which of the following is NOT true of the desert
biome?
• A. Desert plants have shallow branching roots
• B. They have the highest rainfall of any biome
• C. Desert animals burrow underground or are
nocturnal
• D. Deserts can be hot during the day and cold at
night
B. They have the highest rainfall of
any biome
• Which of the following is NOT true about the Taiga
biome?
• A. Taiga animals migrate or hibernate during the long
winter months
• B. Taiga plants have cone shapes and needles to avoid
snow accumulation
• C. Coniferous trees like pine, spruce, and fir are the
dominant types of vegetation
• D. Deciduous trees like oak, elm, and hickory are the
dominant types of vegetation
• Deciduous trees like oak, elm, and hickory
are the dominant types of vegetation
• In the Tundra, snowshoe hares and arctic lemmings both
feed on lichen and moss. Which of the following best
identifies the relationship between the snowshoe hares and
the arctic lemmings?
• A. Competition
• B. Symbiosis
• C. Mutualism
• D. Predator/Prey
A. Competition
• In the rainforest, trees and other plants
compete for sunlight. Which of the
following best defines the sunlight?
• A. limited resource
• B. nonrenewable resource
• C. habitat
• D. niche
• D. niche
• Lichen is an association between a fungus and
algae. In the association, lichen receives food in
the form of the products of photosynthesis from
the algae. The algae receives shelter and water
from the fungus. This relationship is best defined
as
• A. mutualism.
• B. parasitism
• C. commensalism
• D. competition
• A. mutualism.
• Around hot-water vents deep in the ocean live specialized
communities. Bacteria turn hydrogen sulfide into sugars by
a chemical process. The bacteria then provide food to other
life forms, as shown in the diagram. Compared to food
chains on land, the bacteria fill the same role as
_______________________.
• a. Consumers
• b. Producers
• c. Decomposers
• d. Heterotrophs
• b. Producers
• Which of the following is true of temperate deciduous
forests?
• A. They are found near the equator
• B. They have the highest rainfall of any biome
• C. They undergo seasonal changes in temperature
• D. They have the highest species richness of any biome
• C. They undergo seasonal changes in
temperature
• How energy moves through an ecosystem
can be represented by
a. food chains.
c.
food webs.
b.energy pyramids. d. All of the above
• d. All of the above
•
•
•
•
•
Which of the following is the correct order in a food chain?
a.
sun ® producers ® herbivores ® carnivores® decomposers
b. sun ® consumers ® predators ® parasites ® hosts
c.
sun ® producers ® decomposers ® consumers ® omnivores
d. sun ® carnivores ® herbivores ® scavengers ® decomposers
• a. sun ® producers ® herbivores ®
carnivores® decomposers
• This biome has four distinct seasonsspring, summer, winter, and fall
• Temperate deciduous forest
• Is covered by sand dunes or rocky soil. It is
hot during the day and cold at night.
• desert
• This biome has the most biodiversity than
any other land biome.
• Tropical rainforest
• Animals of this biome have adapted to
graze in herds.
• Savanna/grassland
• low growing plants found in this biome
have adapted to survive with little amounts
of sunlight due to the large trees that block
the sunlight.
• Tropical rainforest
• Northern most biome that does not receive
enough rain to support trees and too cold for
roots to grow deep into the soil.
• tundra
• Some animals in this biome have large fatty
tissues that store large amounts of water so
the organism may stay hydrated.
• desert
• Animals of this biome are mostly nocturnal
(come out at night) or burrow into the
ground to conserve water.
• desert
• Trees are cone shaped to prevent snow
accumulation.
• taiga