Transcript the importance of plants - Tri

John Taylor-Lehman
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Tri-Valley High School
Dresden, Ohio 43821
740-754-2921
[email protected]
• 9-12
• Biology, Chemistry
• Oceanography, Zoology
• National Tropical Botanical
Garden
• Science Teacher Enrichment
Program
• June 1-10, 2010
THE IMPORTANCE OF PLANTS
Read ( Chap 24 )
20th Century Med. Man Video (30 min)
Campus Walk to identify sps. (sheet in
binder) common, trees, bushes and herbs (locust, oak, pear,
hemlock, dandelion, violet, grass, poison ivy, dogwood, pine, black
cherry)
Crossword Puzzle (sheet in binder)
3 Day recall of plant contacts
Dendrochronology Lab Activity
Chromatography Lab Activity
THE IMPORTANCE OF PLANTS
Topics
A. Classification : flowers, conifers,
ferns, and mosses
B. Major plants cultivated for food
C. Human History and Cultivation
D. Plant Anatomy
Info on seeds was covered for
quarter long project
Flower parts were covered when
we did genetics
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Brain Storming
Activity
• Purpose: Check for prior
knowledge, Cooperative
Learning
• Question: What words come to
mind when you hear the word
plant?
• Individually- list a min. of 20 words
associated with plants (5 foods max.)
• Pairs- eliminate duplicates and get list back
up to a min. of 20.
• Group- eliminate duplicates and get back
to a min. of 20
• Whole Class: Compile total list and
organize into categories
• Group with the most unique words get
prize
• Save list till the end of the unit
FLOWER
ANATOMY
POLLEN
Apple seeds
A. Plant
Classification
Draw this in your
notes on a half
sheet of paper
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http://classic.sidwell.edu/us/science/vlb/class/plantae/plant-tree.jpg
MOSS
FERN
C
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F
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S
FLOWERING PLANTS
??????????
• If you are allergic to Poison Ivy
Toxicodendron
radicans
then you will likely
be allergic to the Devil’s Fruit
http://www.ppws.vt.edu/scott/weed_id/poisonivy
8-11b.jpg
CASHEW
Anacardium occidentale
Fruit and seed
http://utopiankitchen.files.wordpress.com/2007/11/cashews.jpg
And allergic to
• The fruit Mango Mangifera indica L.
(not the green pepper Capsicum annuum)
the flowering plant
family Anacardiaceae
Any ideas about
why this is true?
http://www.oisat.org/images/Sabermango.jpg
http://www.worldwidehealth.com/ecard
s/6403_tn_green%20pepper.jpg
B. The importance of plants (as food)
• 275,000
• 3,000
• 200
• 12
SPS. OF FLOWERING PLANTS
USED FOR HUMAN FOOD
DOMESTICATED*
MAIN FOODS
reference “Seeds to Civilization” C.Heizer
DOMESTICATION
• - REQUIRE HUMAN
INTERVENTION TO
MAINTAIN CURRENT
FORM
• Name the major food
Group Activity! crop plants that are
harvest from around the
world.
• This is based on amount
of plant matter
harvested
• A student will record suggestions on the
SMART Board from classmates. Teacher will
screen responses.
list is by weight harvested
1.
7.
13.
2.
8.
14.
3
9.
15.
4.
10.
16.
5.
11.
17.
6.
12.
list is by weight harvested
1. SUGAR CANE*
7. BARLEY*
13. GRAPE
2. WHEAT*
8. MANIOC
14. TOMATO
3. CORN*
9. SWEET POTATO 15. OAT*
4. RICE*
10. SOY BEAN
16. ORANGE
5. POTATO
11. SORGHUM* 17. APPLE
6. SUGAR BEET
12. BANANA
What do all the * have in common?
Look closely at them
*A MAJOR plant group
The Grass family
maize
SUGAR CANE
Mature wheat
RICE
Rice
POTATO
SUGAR BEET
BARLEY
manioc
SWEET POTATO
SORGHUM
BANANA
banana
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NOTES ON 20TH CENTURY MED MAN.
(video in library)
Botany
Ethnobotany
Dr. Mark Plotkin (Harvard)
Jaguar Shaman
25% of modern meds have their origin in plants
examples poppy (opium, morphine) periwinkle
(vincristine) willow (aspirin)
• Info lost about plants b/c
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Young people are uninterested in learning
Extermination of tribes
Loss of rain forest
Death of knowledgeable elders
C. HUMAN EXISTENCE
200,000 TO 100,000 humans in an
early forms; H. sapiens var. sapiens
and H. sapiens var. neaderthalensis
• 25,000 to 35,000 years ago substantial
archeological and fossil evidence of
ONLY H. sapiens var. sapiens (us)
EARLY HUMAN LIFESTYLE?
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• Man
Hunter/gatherer
herd
food
season
• Change in human behavior
approximately 9,000 years ago
• Domestication/agriculture develops
simultaneously in several places in the
world
GOOD EVIDENCE OF FARMING
• 7,000 B.C.
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"
• 5,000
• 7,000-5,000
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5,000
Fertile Crescent, Near East
Wheat , Barley
Thailand bean and pea
Asia
rice
Mexico near Texas
gourds, chili, beans
Mexico City squash, beans,
avacado, Maize
Current foods in an area reflect heritage
Brain Storming
Activity
• Purpose: Problem Solving,
Cooperative Learning
• Question: What plants would
you take if you left your home
for a destination with unknown
resources?
“Canoe Plants”
• Here’s what the people who first
settled Hawaii brought with them.
• Video link will be linked here of Brian
T. Yamamoto describing Hawaiian
“Canoe Plants”
• Insert image of canoe from classroom
• Individually- list a min. of 20 plants
essential for survival
• Pairs- eliminate duplicates and get list back
up to a min. of 20.
• Group- eliminate duplicates and get back
to a min. of 20
• Whole Class: Compile total list and reduce
to 20
• Group with the most “
?
“ plants
gets a prize
HOMEWORK
• 1. 3 DAY RECALL OF YOUR CONTACT WITH
PLANTS
• 2. AT LEAST 10 PLANTS PER DAY MUST BE
RECORDED
• 3. BE READY FOR ME TO COLLECT THEM AT
ANY TIME
• 4. 10 PTS.
Anti-Bacterial properties of Spices
• Hope to improve my
bacteria unit by expanding
the use of spices in our
LAB on bacteria culturing
and growth inhibition
D. PLANT ANATOMY
Part II of Plants
Read 569-582
I. GROSS ANATOMY
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ROOTS (functions?)
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Anchor
absorb water and
nutrients
asexual reproduction
(ex. Raspberry)
storage ex. Yam,
carrot , beet
LEAVES
– Photosynthesis
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Enzymes, sunlight, chlorophyll
– Transpiration – release of water through the
leaf surface. The plant is like a straw. Roots
have the opening and the leaves have the exit
STEM FUNCTIONS CONTINUED
– asexual reproduction
ex. African violet
Kalanchoe
– storage ex. Cabbage,
onion, lettuce
STEM (functions?)
support the leaves and
flowers
asexual reproduction
ex. Potato, strawberry
storage ex. Potato,
broccoli, cauliflower ,
asparagus
II. CELLULAR ANATOMY
• transport
• xylem
• phloem
• dividing region
• absorption
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Water up
Sugars down
Meristem
Root tip
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support- wood
dating activity with
growth rings
How old is this stem?
12 years old
Photosynthesis
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from work sheet
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leaf anatomy- stomata
chromatography- pigments
chlorophyll
carotene
xanthophylls
III. PLANT RESPONSES (tropisms)
• Controlled by hormones that stimulate specific
cells to grow
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Thigmo tropism
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Phototropism
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Gravitropism
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chemotropism
cell division
Adding to
length at
root and
stem tips
by apical
meristem
cell division
Adding to the
width-lateral
meristem
Vascular bundle
Looks vaguely like
an ice cream
cone
Cell division – where the cells
are reproducing
• root and stem tips apical meristem
• width- lateral meristem
Photosynthesis
1. Leaf Anatomy – stomata and guard
cells (from worksheet)
2. Chromatography- pigment mixtures
are separated and analyzed
• Chlorophyll – green pigment
• Carotene – orange pigment
• Xanthophylls – yellow pigment
III. PLANT RESPONSES (tropisms)
• Controlled by hormones that stimulate
specific cells to grow
• Thigmotropism – response to touch (vines,
venus fly traps)
• Phototropism – response to light (seedlings)
• Gravitropism – up and down growth
• Chemotropism – response to a chemical
stimulus (ex. fertilizer)
Thigmotropism
• The turning or bending response of an organism
upon direct contact with a solid surface or
object.
Phototropism
Gravitropism
Chemotropism
• Growth towards water
or fertilizer (sewage
line)
Legumes
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Simple dry fruit
Common name for fruit is a pod
Peas, beans, lentils, and peanuts
High in protein
Quiz on plants
• Video Med Man,
• Human uses of plants, Text Chap 24 and Read
569-582
• Notes,
• Vocab
• LABS Tree Ring, Chromotography, Campus
Walk and Plant identification,
• Cross word
• Plant anatomy
4th Quarter NOTEBOOK CONTENTS
• Cover Sheet
• Assignment Sheet
• Grade Sheet
• Vocabulary (96 - 138)
• Notes
THIS IS 10% OF YOUR
QUARTER GRADE!!!
• Daily Work
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Pg 149 Theory of Evol WS
Pg 157 Theory of Evol WS
History of Life WS
Pg 161 Evolution WS
Plant Puzzle\Leaf labeling
Virus Paragraph (living or
nonliving)
• Labs
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Peppered Moth
Amino Acid Lab
Viral Lab
Plant Walk
Dendrochronology
Notebook check MONDAY….
Here’s another option…
Plant Jeopardy – Easy questions
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2.
3.
4.
Products of photosynthesis?
This transports water in a plant - ______
Define ethnobotany. The study of the uses of plants
What is causing loss of knowledge in rainforest
ecosystems?
5. Release of water through leaf surface is called
________.
6. Square stem…strong smell = ________
7. Trees can either be flower producing or _____
producing.
Plant Jeopardy – Easy questions
1. Products of photosynthesis? Sugar and oxygen
2. This transports water in a plant - __xylem____
3. Define ethnobotany. The study of the uses of plants in
a culture
4. What is causing loss of knowledge in rainforest
ecosystems? Death of shaman and loss of rainforest
5. Release of water through leaf surface is called
_transpiration_______.
6. Square stem…strong smell = __mint______
7. Trees can either be flower producing or _cone____
producing.
Medium Level
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What does chromotography do?
What is the stomata of a leaf?
What controls the stomata?
Functions of the roots?
Name two things that we eat that are
roots….stems….and leaves.
Where does cell division occur in plants?
What plants are cultivated in Mexico?
Contrast phloem and xylem cells.
Contrast wind vs. insect pollinated flowers.
Medium Level
1. What does chromatography do? Separates chemicals by
size
2. What is the stomata of a leaf? Openings in leaf bottom
to release water, O2 and take in CO2
3. What controls the stomata? Guard cells
4. Functions of the roots? Absorb, storage, anchor, asex
5. Name two things that we eat that are
roots….stems….and leaves.
6. Where does cell division occur in plants?meristem
7. What plants are cultivated in Mexico? maize, beans,
avocado, gourd
8. Contrast phloem and xylem cells. Sugar down, water up
9. Contrast wind vs. insect pollinated flowers.
Difficult Questions…
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7.
What was the evidence of farming 7000-5000 BC?
What does domestication mean?
What do tree rings tell us?
What are the functions of the leaf?
Give the basic chemical reaction of photosynthesis.
The fruit of a maple tree is called a ___.
Name three grains that are on the list of top food
crops harvested by weight.
Difficult Questions…
1. What was the evidence of farming 7000-5000 BC?
settlements
2. What does domestication mean? requires human
involvement to maintain current form
3. What do tree rings tell us? Age, past weather
conditions
4. What are the functions of the leaf? Photosynthesis,
asexual reproduction, storage, transpiration
5. Give the basic chemical reaction of photosynthesis.
6. The fruit of a maple tree is called a _samara__.
7. Name three grains that are on the list of top food
crops harvested by weight. Wheat, rice, maize,
oats, barley, sorghum
Quiz on plants
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Video Med Man,
Human uses of plants, Text
Notes,
Vocab
LABS Tree Ring, Chromotography, Campus
Walk and Plant identification,
• Cross word
• Plant anatomy
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Vocabulary
Cereal
Legumes
root crops
fruit
grain
vegetative part
Dermal tissue,
ground tissue,
root hairs,
root cap,
herbaceous plant,
vascular bundle
transpiration