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Temperate Deciduous Forest By: Gus, Kelsey, Markis and Madeline Geographer • By: Gus Map Green: Temperature Deciduous Forest Found • This biome is found on the eastern half on North America, the middle of Europe. Some major areas in Asia involve Russia, Japan and China. Also in South America are Chile and the Middle East Coast of Paraguay. Also located in New Zealand and the Southeastern part of Australia. Zones • 5 Different Zones in the Deciduous Biome. They are The Tree Stratum Zone, The small tree and sapling Zone, The Shrub Zone and The Herb Zone. Tree Stratum Zone • This zone contains oak trees, beech, maple, chestnut, hickory, elm, basswood, linden, walnut and sweet gum trees. This zone represents the supplies that come off, in or a tree. The small tree and sapling Zone • The small tree and sapling zone contains young and short trees. This zone represents the trees in growth or baby trees. The Shrub Zone • The shrub zone contains rhododendrons, azaleas, mountain laurel, and huckleberries. • Rhododendrons means an evergreen or shrub. • Azaleas means a bunch of shrubs together. • This zone represents the different shrubs in this biome. The Herb Zone • The herb zone contains short plants known as herbal plants. This zone represents the different herbs and small plants in this biome. The Ground Zone • This zone contains lichen, club mosses and real mosses. This zone represents the mosses and lichen in this biome. The Impact • Many humans cut down trees for wood and farmland. Without the trees the animals would not survive. Pollution and smog also effect the woods by changing the climate of soil. The best thing we can do is just leave it be. Gus’ Credits • http://dendro.cnre.vt.edu/Forsite/tdfbiome.ht m • http://www.blueplanetbiomes.org/deciduous _forest.htm • http://www.enotes.com/homeworkhelp/human-activity-that-has-affectedtemperate-202875 Botanist • By: Kelsey Special adaptation planets in the deciduous forest Plants in the temperate deciduous forest adapt to the biome in a variety of ways depending on the type of plant. Most trees grow large leaves to absorb the light during the growing season. The bark of deciduous trees is stronger than tropical trees to protect the inner core during seasonal changes. Flowers and ferns and other smaller plants, grow early in the spring with fast growing leaves. This allows the plant to absorb a lot of sunlight before the forest trees grow large leaves and block the full strength of the sun. American Beech Carpet Moss Guelder Rose Lady Fern Pecan Shagbark Hickory Tawny Milkcap Mushroom White Birch Wind • Strong gust of wind blows a tree to the ground, the tree then starts decompose putting the nutrients back into the ground. • Small wind gusts help plants like the white trilliums, that depends on tiny gust of wind that spread pollen, and fertilizing nearby plants. • Unfornatly, wind moves tiny particles that are not good for the soil like fungus, and spreads it around into the forests, which is not good for the forest or that planet. Water • Water is a very important, because It helps the planet thrive in the temperate deciduous forest. • One way water helps the plants in the temperate deciduous forest receives the water is when the rain falls down, and the water is adsorbed in the plant. • One way water doesn’t help the temperate deciduous forest is when the temperature and chemical makeup of the water is right, this can encourage the growth of organisms like algae that can potentially throw off the existing balance of the ecosystem. • Another way water does not help the temperate deciduous is when large algae blooms can cover an area, blocking sunlight from plants and animals below, making growth hard for many animals. Sunlight • All plants need sunlight to survive, and it is a major part in the planet form in the deciduous forest. • The bigger the better! That is the same with how the trees are encouraged to grow in the deciduous forest are encouraged to grow… big and tall! The taller the trees in the deciduous forest, the more sunlight is available to the leafs of the canopy. • Beneath these tall trees are a shorter layer of plants, often close to the ground. These ferns and shrub like bushes tend to be varieties that thrive in shady conditions, because they must to survive on what sunlight makes it through the trees. • Many of the herbivores in the forest are species that have adapted to live on these smaller plants which grew with the help of the sun Temperature • In the temperate deciduous forest, warm spring months help the plants and animals come back to life, from the tough temperature that the winter brings. • As the temperature starts to drop, the trees and animals of the deciduous forest lose their leaves, and go into hibernation. This temperature drop is very important for the animals as well as plants. Some animals begin storing food for the winter months while others eat until there bellies can not hold anymore in preparation for hibernation. Kelsey’s Credits • http://leavesittous.weebly.com/biotic-and-abioticfactors.html • http://www.blueplanetbiomes.org/world_biomes.htm • http://alanmessianu.tripod.com/id10.html • http://www.blueplanetbiomes.org/deciduous_forest.htm • Picture links!(Got info and info from website!!) :http://www.blueplanetbiomes.org/deciduous_plant_page.ht m Zoologist • By: Markis Abiotic Factors • Abiotic factors help the animals in this biome in many ways. Wind helps because it spreads pollen, fertilizing plants which herbivores and omnivores eat. Water is non-living and animals depend on it for survival. They drink it in order to survive. Temperature is important because warm spring months helps animals, encouraging reproduction. The warm summers help animals raise their young. When it gets colder, that’s a clue for the animals to start storing food for winter. Sunlight is important because it helps plants grow. Many animals like herbivores and omnivores rely on plants to live. Abiotic factors help the animals in this biome in many ways. Biotic Factors • Biotic factors play a key role in the temperate deciduous forest. Also it affects these animals in the biome. Many living things are effected by pathogens in the forest. Rabies is always a worry in the biome. Parasites also affect the animals in the park negatively. The most popular parasite in the biome are ticks. They stick to the skin of the animal and suck its blood. Animals in the park compete for food, water , and mates. That affects where animals live and when they come out of the home. All of the animals in the park need energy by eating another organism. Biotic factors play a very important role in the temperate deciduous forest. Herbivores Chipmunk Deer Squirrel Carnivores Wolf Owl Bald Eagle Omnivores Bear Opossum Raccoon Adaptations • In the temperate deciduous forest animals have to adapt to nature to live. Migration and hibernation are some of the adaptations used by the animals in this biome. Most birds migrate places warmer when it gets cold. Also in the winter bears hibernate in their den. Over time they adapted by figuring out weather patterns in their biome. Another adaption is that most animals store when the weather gets cold. In the temperate deciduous forest adaptations are key to survival. Food Chain The producer in the food chain is the oak tree. The primary consumers are the squirrel, bug, birds and the skunk. The secondary consumers are the Raccoon, frog, and the eagle. The consumers are the bear, fox, and the wolf. Decomposer • An example of a decomposer in this biome is the fungi. Some fungi are beneficial to the forest and some are bad to the forest. Some of it is a parasite to trees by feeding on them. Some fungi are bad because they are poisonous which can harm the animals. Fungi is a decomposer in the temperate deciduous forest and it plays a very important role. Animals Markis’ Credits • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • http://leavesittous.weebly.com/biotic-and-abiotic-factors.html https://sites.google.com/site/platttempecatedecidousforest/biotic-and-abiotic http://www.blueplanetbiomes.org/deciduous_forest.htm http://www.marietta.edu/~biol/biomes/tempded.htm http://www.cotf.edu/ete/modules/msese/earthsysflr/dforestA.html homepages.abdn.ac.uk kids.nceas.ucsb.edu http://temperatedeciduousforest2.weebly.com/animals.html http://www.blueplanetbiomes.org/deciduous_forest.htm buzzle.com library.thinkquest.org www.fanpop.com juhamburg.de cougarbiology.pbworks.com teknomadics.com Meteorologist • By: Madeline Description of the Weather and Climate There is approximately 28 inches of rain per year. There is no dry season Precipitation falls threw out the year Some of the forest are near the ocean and that impacts the weather by making it windy Average temperature is 75 to 86 degrees Wind blows from southern to the north which causes wind and rain. It is very humid in the summer there is 60 to 80 percent humidity In the summer it can get up to 90 degrees so it makes it very humid. Temperature and humidity can change in a day, an hour, or in a few minutes. It is hard to predict the weather because it can change very quickly. Rain is distributed evenly through the year Has more rainfall than any other biome, except the rainforest. Yearly snowfall is about from 8 – 96 inches. Plants grow Significant Weather Patterns Has four different seasons – spring, summer, fall and winter The seasons are equal in length. Winter is the coldest season, with the shortest days. In winter, artic air is blown down into the US where it makes it cold. Spring the days get longer, and temperature is warmer. Summer has the highest temperature that are often muggy, Fall brings back lower temperatures and shorter days. Impact on the Environment Plants adjust to the four seasons through growth and activity In the summer, trees have adapted to the low light and have big and green leaves. In the fall, as days grow short the leaves turn color and fall off the trees. For almost six months, trees and plants seem leafless and seem as if they are not alive. In the forest, plants have to compete for light, space and nutrients. Madeline’s Credits • • • • • • • • • http://www.blueplanetbiomes.org/deciduous_climate_page.htm http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temperate_deciduous_forest http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Experiments/Biome/biotemperate.php http://www.marietta.edu/~biol/biomes/tempded.htm http://www.mbgnet.net/sets/temp/whats.htm http://ths.sps.lane.edu/biomes/deciduous3/deciduous3.html http://kids.nceas.ucsb.edu/biomes/temperateforest.html http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20100214162636AA7bkCd http://prezi.com/sp4uqxmy-hq0/temperate-deciduous-forestclimatephysical-features/ • https://php.radford.edu/~swoodwar/biomes/?page_id=94 • http://www.s-cool.co.uk/alevel/assets/learn_its/alevel/geography/ecosystems/ecosystemproductivity/2007-10-15_114646.gif