Transcript Biomes PPT
•1 Organisms Species Population Community Ecosystem Biome Biosphere Biome: groups of ecosystems with similar climates and organisms • Climate is defined as weather patterns over a long period of time • temperature & precipitation There are terrestrial (land) biomes as well as freshwater & marine biomes •4 Latitude: Distance north or south of the equator measured in degrees Altitude: Height of an object above sea level •5 •6 1. Tropical & Temperate Rain Forests 2. Temperate Deciduous Forests 3. Taiga (Boreal or Coniferous Forest) 4. Tropical Grassland (Savanna) 5. Temperate Grassland (Prairie) 6. Chaparral (Scrubland) 7. Desert 8. Tundra Freshwater Aquatic Biomes: Lakes and Ponds Wetlands Marine Aquatic Biomes: Coastal Wetlands Estuaries Marshes Swamps Shores Marshes Swamps Rivers (& Streams) Coral reefs Oceans •Around the Equator- SE Asia, Central & S. America, Africa • Wet, Hot, & Humid >200-450cm rain/year Strong sunlight all year Nutrient poor soils (fast decay) >1/2 of worlds plant & animal species Produce 40% of Earth’s oxygen and~1/4 of all medicines Covers 7% Earths surface (used to be 20%) Pacific NW US (Wa), Central Europe, Australia, New Zealand • High Precipitation & Humidity; Moderate Temps (cool and moist) • Evergreen trees covered in lichens & mosses Ferns • Frogs, bears, wolves, red pandas • • North Eastern US, Western Europe, Eastern Asia • Extreme temp differences between winter & summer • 4 distinct seasons • Trees lose their leaves • Birch, maple, oak Deer, fox, coyote, chipmunks/squirrels Northern Europe, Asia and N.America • Largest biome • Cold w/long winters & high snowfall • Summers bring nearly constant daylight • Coniferous Forest • Moose, Bear, Wolves, Snowshoe Hare • Central S.America, Central Africa, N.Australia, India • Wet & dry seasons, but warm year round • Scattered trees, grasses, shrubs • Giraffe, zebra, antelope, lions, hyenas • Plants w/vertical leaves, large horizontal roots, thorns • Quic kTime™ and a dec ompres sor are needed to see this pic ture. • Interior of N. America, S. America, Asia & Africa • Nutrient rich, fertile soils • Slow decay Hot summers/cold winters • Moderate rain, but not enough to support trees • Tall & short grasses, flowers & herbs w/deep root systems • • • Drought & Fire Antelope, bison, owls, prairie dogs & prairie chickens West coastal regions of the Mediterranean, US, Chile, Africa, Australia •Temperate shrubland • Dry, coastal climate, little/no rain in summer •Small shrubs w/leathery leaves • Herbs like Sage and Bay •Animals adapted Quail, lizards, snakes QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see t his picture. •The Americas, Asia Australia, & Africa •Precipitation (rain) less than 25cm/year •Scattered vegetation & dry •Very hot days, cold nights •Plants & animals adapted for little moisture •Cacti (succulents) Thorny devil, hawks, turtles, camels Northern Arctic Pole regions Long, cold winters Little precipitation Short growing season Treeless w/mosses, lichens, shrubs Permafrost Musk Oxen, Snowy Owls, arctic foxes, caribou, migratory birds, insects