Transcript Learning Disabilities - Manchester University

Students with Learning
Disabilities
Devan Whitaker
Jessica Grandlinard
Phylicia Kelly
Definitions
• Federal: a disorder in one or more of the basic
psychological process involved in using language,
spoken or written, which may impact ability to listen,
think, speak, read write spell, or do mathematical
calculations
• National Joint Committee on Learning Disabilities: a
general term that refers to a heterogeneous group of
disorders manifested by significant difficulties in the
acquisition and use of listening, speaking, reading,
writing, reasoning, or mathematical abilities
Learning Disability:
• A disorder characterized by difficulty in learning
because of a central nervous system dysfunction.
–
–
–
–
–
Problems in reading
Problems in writing
Problems in math
Problems in speaking
Problems with thinking
Activities: What is it like to have a
learning disability?
• Reading Disability (Visual Processing Disorder and
Dyslexia)
– Activity: Reading activity
– Activity: Story activity
Identification
• Traditional approach = IQ-achievement
discrepancy
• Now, use Response to Intervention
Characteristics of Disabilities
•
•
•
•
•
Reading
Writing
Speech
Math
Overall
What Teachers Need to Do!
• Understand how children learn and develop
• Provide learning opportunities that support the
intellectual, social, and personal development of
each learner
• Use a variety of instructional strategies to encourage
critical thinking, problem solving and performance
skills
• Make the aspects of subject matter meaningful for
students
Differentiated Activity For Students
with Writing Disabilities
RAFTS
•
Why use RAFTS?
–
–
–
•
Includes writing from different viewpoints.
Helps students learn writing skills.
Teaches to think creatively about responding to writing prompts.
What are RAFTS?
–
–
–
–
–
Role of the writer
Audience
Format
Topic
Strong Verb
Example of RAFTS
Bear
Park Ranger
Letter
Bear Killings Outraged
Dear Park Rangers,
I am outraged with the amount of Black Bear killings
that have occurred in the last few months. Altogether thirty
eight bears have been killed by hunters, drivers, and in the
last two months in Banff National Park alone. That is not
counting the other three hundred forty three in the rest of
Alberta and the other seven hundred forty five in British
Columbia. In the next three months I am expecting the
some sort of action or I will be forced to take legal action.
A concerned Black Bear
Modify
– Roll playing
– Choose topic of your choice
Example of Concept Sort: Science
Flowers
Leaves
Weeds
Forest
Sunlight
Soil
Categories:
1. Types of plants
2. Parts of Plants
3. Where Plants Grow
4. What plants need to grow
Water
Air
Roots
Gardens
Trees
Stems
Differentiated Activity For Students
with Reading Disability
Concept Sort: Vocabulary
•
Why use Concept Sort?
–
–
•
Introduces new vocabulary students will see in a text.
Provides teachers information about what students already know.
What is Concept Sort?
–
–
–
Teach a concept through a set of cards with vocabulary words printed on them.
Learn what they already know
Teach what they need to know
Modify
– Use pictures along with the words.
– Use large letters that make the cards easily readable.
– Have students work in pairs or small groups.
Flowers
http://www.starfall.com/
Differentiated Activity For Students
with Math Disabilities
Blocks
•Why use blocks?
•Meets needs for students who have a visual processing disorder.
•Helps students who struggle with operations of problems by physically seeing it.
•Gives hands on learning.
•Modify the use of blocks based on student’s learning level
•Teaching addition, subtraction, multiplication, division
•What are blocks?
Resources
• Exceptional Learners: An Introduction to Special
EducationI; Hallahan, Kauffman, Pullen
• http://helpguide.org/mental/learning_disabilities.ht
m
• http://www.readingrockets.org/strategies/word_ma
ps
• http://www.readingrockets.org/strategies/raft
• http://www.readingrockets.org/strategies/concept_s
ort
• http://www.starfall.com/