Unit 2 Lesson 3 Teacher Notesx
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Transcript Unit 2 Lesson 3 Teacher Notesx
Unit 2: Lesson 3
Energy and Matter in
Ecosystems
1
How do organisms get energy?
Matter – anything that has mass and takes up space.
Organisms need energy!
Energy – is the ability to do work.
2 ways to get energy and matter.
1. Sun – Producers use sunlight to make their own food
through photosynthesis.
2. Other organisms – Consumers get energy by eating
other organisms.
2
What happens to energy and matter
in ecosystems?
The law of conservation of energy – states that energy
cannot be created or destroyed .
But it can change forms!
Light energy converted into food
When sugars are used and heat is given off.
Wind energy into electrical energy.
3
What happens to energy and matter
in ecosystems?
The law of conservation of mass – states that mass
cannot be created or destroyed.
But it can change forms!
4
How does energy move through an
ecosystem?
Energy pyramid – used to trace the flow of energy
through an ecosystem.
There is less energy and fewer organisms at the top.
Energy is lost as it is being consumed by the levels.
Omnivores
Carnivores
Herbivores
Producers
5
The Water Cycle
Water cycle - Water moves
between the ocean, the
atmosphere, and the land.
3 main ways water enters the
atmosphere.
1. Evaporation – Heat from the sun
causes water to change from a
liquid to a gas or vapor.
2. Transpiration – Plants release
water vapor from their leaves due
to the heat of the sun.
3. Respiration – Organisms release
water as waste
6
The Water Cycle
Condensation – Water vapor or gas cools
and returns to a liquid.
Precipitation – the water that falls from the
atmosphere to the land and ocean.
Rain, snow, sleet, and hail.
Most precipitation falls into the oceans.
Runoff – the precipitation that falls on land
and flows into streams and rivers.
Groundwater – the water that seeps into the
ground.
7
The Water Cycle
8
The Water Cycle
The Water Cycle Song (she’ll be coming around the
mountain)
Oh the water has a cycle yes it does,
Oh the water has a cycle yes it does.
It goes up in evaporation, forms a cloud in condensation, falls
back down as precipitation
Yes it does!
Oh the water has a cycle yes it does,
Oh the water has a cycle yes it does.
It runs off to lakes and streams from the oceans and the seas
It transpires from plant’s leaves
Yes it does!
video
The life of a raindrop
9
Video 2
The Nitrogen Cycle
The movement of nitrogen between the environment
and living things.
Most of Earth’s atmosphere is Nitrogen gas.
Most organisms cannot use Nitrogen gas.
Nitrogen fixation – a process where bacteria in the soil
change nitrogen gas into a form that plants can use
known as ammonia.
Animals get nitrogen by eating the plants or other
consumers
Decomposers return nitrogen to the soil and the cycle
starts again.
10
The Nitrogen Cycle
Video animation
11
Video
The Carbon Cycle
Carbon Cycle – the movement of carbon between
organisms and the environment.
Carbon is found almost everywhere:
Sugars
The atmosphere as carbon dioxide
Bodies of water
Rocks and soils
Organisms
Fossil fuels
Video
12
The Carbon Cycle
Video
Carbon cycle song
13