Transcript European Exploration

Hernando de Soto and the Spanish Missions
What were the Spanish looking for?
What did they find?
 Spanish explorers looked for wealth
 1513 Ponce de Leon discovers Florida
 De Balboa crosses Panama and reaches the
Pacific Ocean
 1519 Cortez conquers the Aztecs
 1535 Francisco Pizzaro conquers the Inca
 Pizzaro captures the richest silver mines in the
world
Who explores Georgia and the southeast?
What is he looking for?
What happens to many Native Americans?
 1539 Hernando de Soto
 leaves Cuba with 600 men 200 horses and
other animals
 He lands in Florida, and in 1540 enters
southwest Georgia (near present day Albany)
 He wants gold
 He is outnumbered but his men had superior
weapons, rode horses and wore armor
 De Soto’s men kill thousands, but many
more are killed by disease (measles,
small pox, influenza, and whooping
cough)
What happens to this expedition?
 Most of his army dies of starvation and
disease and de Soto himself died along
the Mississippi River
 Many other European explorers follow
Expedition circles
back to the
Mississippi,
where de Soto
dies, May 1542
Hernando de Soto

Expedition crosses the Mississippi
into Arkansas near Memphis,
May, 1541
Survivors build boats that
carry them downriver to the Gulf
and eventually to Mexico, 1543
After de Soto’s death, expedition
heads into east Texas, wandering
for months before returning to
the Mississippi, 1542
De Soto lands in Tampa
Bay area, May 25, 1539
Who establishes missions along the coast of
Georgia?
 The Spanish
 1565 Pedro Menendez est. St. Augustine
 1566 Spain move up to St. Catherine's and
Cumberland Islands
 The mission of Santa Catalina is
established on St. Catherine’s Island
 Region is named Guale (Wallie) for the
Indians found there
 Missions are established on St. Simons and
Sapelo Islands
 1500’s Spain controls the New World
through missions
 Spain becomes rich and powerful from the gold
and silver she takes
How do England and France feel?
 This leads to resentment (Jealousy)
from other European nations
 France and England fight to gain a share
of the treasure
 English sea captains (J. Hawkins, F.
Drake, R. Greenville) capture Spanish
ships and burn Spanish settlements in
the new world
How does Spain respond?
 King Phillip of Spain send the
“Invincible Armada” to capture England
in 1588
What is the result?
 England and the weather defeat the
Armada
The Columbian Biological Exchange
From Europe
Diseases:

Smallpox
Measles
Chicken Pox
Malaria
Yellow Fever
Influenza
The Common Cold
From The New World
Syphilis
Polio
Hepatitis
Encephalitis
The Columbian Biological Exchange
From Europe
Animals:

Horses
Cattle
Pigs
Sheep
Goats
Chickens
From The New World
Turkeys
Llamas
Alpacas
Guinea Pigs
The Columbian Biological Exchange
From Europe
Plants:

Rice
Wheat
Barley
Oats
Coffee
Sugarcane
Bananas
Melons
Olives
Dandelions
Daisies
Clover
Ragweed
Kentucky Bluegrass
From The New World
Corn (Maize)
Potatoes (White & Sweet Varieties)
Beans (Snap, Kidney, & Lima Varieties)
Tobacco
Peanuts
Squash
Peppers
Tomatoes
Pumpkins
Pineapples
Cacao (Source of Chocolate)
Chicle (Source of Chewing Gum)
Papayas
Manioc (Tapioca)
Guavas
Avocados
Sources

 London, Bonnie. Georgia and the American Experience.
Atlanta, Georgia: Clairmont Press Inc., 2005. Print.
 Tallant, Harold D. “The Columbian Biological Exchange”.
Dec. 1998. Georgetown College. Web. July 2013.
<http://spider.georgetowncollege.edu/htallant/courses/hi
s111/columb.htm>.