Transcript Chapter 6

Chapter 6
Introduction to Plants
• The Big Idea: Plants have several
common characteristics that can be
classified by their structures.
• SPI’s
0707.1.3 Explain the basic functions of a
major organ system.
0707.4.2 Match flower parts with their
reproductive functions.
Chapter 6
Introduction to Plants
Preview
Section 1 What Is a Plant?
Section 2 Seedless Plants
Section 3 Seed Plants
Section 4 Structures of Seed Plants
Concept Mapping
Chapter 6
Section 1 What Is a Plant?
Bellringer # 1
List the differences between
plant cells and animal cells.
Open text to pg 152. Set up
notes for 6.1. Turn test
corrections in.
Chapter 6
Section 1 What Is a Plant?
Objectives
• Identify four characteristics that all plants share.
• Describe the four main groups of plants.
Chapter 6
Section 1 What Is a Plant?
Plant Characteristics
• Photosynthesis
Process plants
use energy from sunlight to make
food from carbon dioxide and water.
Sunlight + 6CO2 + 6H2O ------> C6H12O6 + 6O2
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•Cuticles A cuticle is a waxy layer
that coats most of the surfaces of
plants that are exposed to air.
Chapter 6
Section 1 What Is a Plant?
Plant Characteristics, continued
• Cell Walls Plant cells are
surrounded by a rigid cell wall.
• Reproduction Plants have two
stages in their life cycle — the
sporophyte stage and the
gametophyte stage.
Chapter 6
• Sporophyte stage: plant makes spores
that grow into the gametophyte stage
of a plant’s life cycle.
• During the gametophyte stage, egg
and sperm are produced.
• The fertilized egg grows into a
sporophyte plant.
• FertilizationSportphytesporesgametophytesex cellsfertilization
Chapter 6
Chapter 6
Chapter 6
Section 1 What Is a Plant?
Plant Classification
• Nonvascular Plants A nonvascular
plant doesn’t have specialized tissues to
move water and nutrients.
• Vascular Plants A plant that has tissues
to deliver water and nutrients from one
part of the plant to another: vascular
plants.
Chapter 6
Section 1 What Is a Plant?
Chapter 6
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6.1 vocab
Photosynthesis
Cuticles
Nonvascular plant
Vascular plant
Gymnosperm
Angiosperm
Chapter 6
Section 2 Seedless Plants
Bellringer #2
Contrast vascular and
nonvascular plants.
Open text to pg 156. Set
up notes for 6.2
Chapter 6
Section 2 Seedless Plants
Objectives
• List three nonvascular plants and three seedless
vascular plants.
• Explain how seedless plants are important to the
environment.
• Describe the relationship between seedless
vascular plants and coal.
Chapter 6
Section 2 Seedless Plants
Nonvascular Plants
• Mosses
often live together in
large groups, have leafy
stalks, and a rhizoid: rootlike
structure that holds the plants
in place and helps plants get
water and nutrients.
Chapter 6
Moss sporophyte
Chapter 6
Section 2 Seedless Plants
Nonvascular Plants, continued
• Liverworts
and Hornworts small,
nonvascular plants that usually live in
damp places.
• The Importance of Nonvascular Plants
Nonvascular plants are usually the first
plants to live in a new environment. Form
a thin layer of soil when they die.
Chapter 6
Liverwart
Hornwart
Chapter 6
Section 2 Seedless Plants
vascular Plants
Ferns grow in many places, from
the cold arctic to humid tropical
forests.
• have a rhizome: a horizontal,
underground stem that produces
new leaves, shoots, and roots.
• Frond-fern leaf
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Chapter 6
Chapter 6
Section 2 Seedless Plants
Seedless Vascular Plants, continued
• The Importance of Seedless Vascular
Plants Ferns, horsetails, and club mosses
help form soil and prevent soil erosion.
• Some can be eaten, used in dietary
supplements, shampoos, and skin-care
products.
Chapter 6
Section 2 Seedless Plants
Seedless Vascular Plants, continued
• The remains of ferns,
horsetails, and club
mosses form coal that
humans rely on for
energy.
Chapter 6
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Moss
Fern
Frond
Rhizoid
Rhizome
Coal
6.2 vocab
Chapter 6
Section 3 Seed Plants
Bellringer # 3
What is a benefit of seedless
vascular plants?
Open text to pg 160. Set up
notes for 6.3
Chapter 6
Section 3 Seed Plants
Objectives
• Describe three ways that seed plants differ from
seedless plants.
• Describe the structure of seeds.
• Compare angiosperms and gymnosperms.
• Explain the economic and environmental
importance of gymnosperms and angiosperms..
Chapter 6
Section 3 Seed Plants
Characteristics of Seed Plants
• Seed plants differ from seedless plants in the
following ways:
• Seed plants produce seeds.
• The gametophytes of seed plants do not live
independently of the sporophyte.
• For sexual reproduction, the sperm of seed
plants do not need water to reach an egg.
Chapter 6
Section 3 Seed Plants
The Structure of Seeds
• A seed is made up of three
parts: a young plant
(sporophyte), stored food,
and a seed coat surrounds
and protects the young
plant.
Chapter 6
Chapter 6
Section 3 Seed Plants
Gymnosperms, continued
• The Importance of Gymnosperms
People use conifer wood for building
materials and paper products.
• Resin, a sticky fluid produced by pine
trees, is used to make soap, turpentine,
paint, and ink.
Chapter 6
Section 3 Seed Plants
Gymnosperms, continued
• Gymnosperm Life Cycle Sperm from
pollen in the male cone fertilize the eggs of
the female cone. A fertilized egg develops
into a young sporophyte within the female
cone.
• Pollination: transfer of pollen from the male
reproductive structures to the female
structures of seed plants.
Chapter 6
Chapter 6
Section 3 Seed Plants
Angiosperms
• Angiosperms
are vascular plants that
produce flowers and fruit.
• Angiosperm Reproduction Flowers
attract animals that help spread pollen to
help them reproduce.
• Fruits surround and protect the seeds,
and help distribute their seeds.
Chapter 6
Section 3 Seed Plants
Angiosperms, continued
• The Importance of Angiosperms
•Major food crops, such as corn,
wheat, and rice, are flowering plants.
•Used to make cloth fibers, rope,
medicines, rubber, perfume oil, and
building materials.
Chapter 6
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6.3 vocab
Pollen
Pollination
Cotyledons
Conifers
Xylem (section 4)
Phloem (section 4)
Chapter 6
Section 4 Structures of Seed Plants
Bellringer # 4
Why do angiosperms have
flowers and fruits?
Open text to pg 166. Set up
notes for 6.4
Chapter 6
Section 4 Structures of Seed Plants
Objectives
• List three functions of roots and three functions of
stems.
• Describe the structure of a leaf.
• Identify the parts of a flower and their functions.
Chapter 6
Section 4 Structures of Seed Plants
Characteristics of Seed Plants
• There are two types of vascular tissue
in plants:
• Xylem: provides support and
conducts water and nutrients from the
roots.
• Phloem : conducts food in vascular
plants.
Chapter 6
Section 4 Structures of Seed Plants
Transporting Materials Throughout the Plant
Click below to watch the Visual Concept.
Visual Concept
Chapter 6
Section 4 Structures of Seed Plants
Roots
• Root Functions
• supply plants with water and dissolved
minerals.
• hold plants securely in the soil.
• store surplus food made during
photosynthesis
Chapter 6
Section 4 Structures of Seed Plants
Chapter 6
Section 4 Structures of Seed Plants
Stems
• Stem Functions:
•connects a plant’s roots to its leaves and
flowers.
•support the plant body.
•transport materials between the root system
and the shoot system.
•store materials.
Chapter 6
Section 4 Structures of Seed Plants
Leaves
• Leaf: make food for
the plant.
Chapter 6
Chapter 6
Section 4 Structures of Seed Plants
Flowers
Sepals and Petals
The modified leaves that make up
the outermost ring of flower parts and
protect the bud: sepals.
• Petals: broad, flat, thin leaflike parts
of a flower. Attract pollinators.
Chapter 6
Section 4 Structures of Seed Plants
Flowers, continued
•The male reproductive
structure of a flower: stamen.
•It is made up of a stalky
filament and a pollen
producing anther.
Chapter 6
•A pistil is the female reproductive
structure of a flower.
•It is made up of the sticky stigma,
a long slender style, and a
rounded base called the ovary.
•The ovary contains ovules that
have eggs.
•The ovary develops into a fruit.
Chapter 6
Chapter 6
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Sepal
Petal
Stamen
Anther
Pistil
Ovary
6.4 vocab
Chapter 6
Introduction to Plants
Concept Mapping
Use the terms below to complete the concept map
on the next slide.
angiosperms
vascular
plants
sporophyte
pollen
gametophyte
xylem
nonvascular
Chapter #
6
Bellringer
Introduction to Plants
Chapter 6