Transcript Deciduous Forest

• A biome is an area that has the same climate
(weather) and the same organisms that live
there.
• Biomes have no distinct boundaries but are
characterized by climate and dominate plants
and animals
* Biomes help scientists describe the world.
• There are ____
7
land biomes and2 ___ water biomes
* Tundra
* Coniferous Forest
* Deciduous Forest
* Tropical Rain Forest
• Temperate Grassland
• Savanna
* Desert
•
Where is the tundra?
• Around the North Pole and near the Arctic Ocean
•Also found at the top of mountains
• Climate (weather) coldest biome
• Very cold and dry
• Temperature: less than -5°C
•
• Only has 25 centimeters or less of rain every year
What the land looks like
Permafrost: the dirt that is always frozen (even in
the spring and summer)
•
Northern Canada, Greenland, northern Asia
• Plants
• Lichens, Mosses, grass
• They cover the rocks and ground
• Animals
wolf
ermine
caribou
marmot
snowy owl
duck
polar bear
During the winter animals
living on a tundra have a
thick layer of fat gained
during the summer, they are
covered with thick insulating
furs or feathers, they have
adapted color changing fur
(brown in summer, white in
winter), they also have
short/stocky arms and legs
to keep them warmer(closer
to the body).
Some tundra animals use
solar heating to keep warm
two
There are __________
kinds of deserts.
• Hot deserts and cold deserts
hot desert
cold desert
Sahara Desert
Gobi Desert
In Africa, western North America, western Asia, central Australia,
and western South America.
* Climate
* gets less than 25 centimeters of rain every year
* hot during the day and cool at night
* Climate
* gets less than 25 centimeters of rain every year
* cold all of the time
* Some
plants, called succulents, store water in their
stems or leaves;
• Some plants have no leaves or small seasonal leaves that
only grow after it rains.
• The lack of leaves helps reduce water loss during
photosynthesis. Leafless plants conduct photosynthesis
in their green stems.
• Long root systems spread out wide or go deep into the
ground to absorb water;
Barrel Cactus
Prickly Pear Cactus
Aloe
Black-collared
lizard
desert iguana
roadrunner
snakes
camel
• Most large animals have not
adapted to desert life. Their size
prevents them from finding shelter
from the Sun's heat and they are
not able to store water for future
use.
• Hunt at Night and stay in shade
• Because fat intensifies heat, a
unique physical adaptation of some
desert animals is the storage of
fat in humps or tails, rather than
throughout the entire body.
• Animals have long ears or long
body parts to reduce heat build
up
jackrabbit
• Climate
• Cold and snowy
• What the land looks like
• In the winter:
• Ground is frozen
• In the spring:
• Taiga: swampy forest
• Snow melts and the ground becomes wet and swampy
because the deeper ground is frozen
Alaska
Canada
Europe
Asia
In Canada, Alaska, northern Asia, and northern Europe
•
Conifer trees (have cones)
cone
• Have needles covered with wax
needles
•Wax protects the needles from freezing
•needles are dark in color allowing more solar heat to be absorbed
many trees have branches that droop downward to help shed excess
snow to keep the branches from breaking
pine
spruce
Kinds of conifer trees
fir
Moose
Hawk Owl
Beaver
Lynx
Wolf
Red Squirrel
Black bear
Wolverine
Snowshoe Rabbit
• Climate
• Summers are warm
• Winters are cold
• Gets 75 centimeters of rain every year
(that’s over 2 feet of rain!)
• What is special about deciduous trees?
• The leaves change colors and fall off the trees in autumn
and grow new leaves in the spring
• The leaves on the ground make the dirt better and help
plants grow.
Deciduous forests are between northeastern United States and Canada. Dominates the
eastern United States. Others grow in Europe and eastern Asia.
* Trees—lose there leaves
* Flowers
* Oak
* Hickory
* Lily of the valley
* Maple
* Beech
* Star Flower
Eagle
Raccoon
Mouse
Brown Bear
Porcupine
Black Bear
Red Fox
Coyote
Chipmunk
White-tailed Deer
• Climate
• Rains almost
everyday
• Gets almost 10 feet
of rain every
year.(up to 400cm)
• Very hot and
humid all year long
Located near the equator
The largest tropical rainforest is in South America. It is called the Amazon
rain forest. They are also found in central Africa, Central America,
Southeast Asia, Hawaii, and a small area of Australia.
two
• There are _____
kinds of grasslands.
• Temperate grasslands: called prairies
•Tropical grasslands: called savannas
• Climate
• All grasslands get between 25 and 75 centimeters of rain every
year.
The largest grassland is in Africa. There are also grasslands
in North America, South America, central Asia, and northern
Australia.
• Some are found in the Midwest area of the United
States
• Land is usually flat
• Not a lot of trees
•Animals Graze it down, fires also
prevelant
grass
• The most important plant is __________.
• Largest savannas are found in Africa
• There are only a few trees on the savanna(group in
clumps)
• Why don’t a lot of trees grow?
• Savanna does not get a
lot of rain
• Animals eat the trees
before they can start
growing tall
• Grass
• Can live without a lot of rain
• Acacia tree
• Baobab tree
African elephant Black Rhinoceros
Cheetah
Zebra
Hippopotamus
Wild Dog
Giraffe
Ostrich
Hyena
Lions
Warthog
* Marine
* Freshwater
ocean
* The marine biome is the _________________
biome.
* covers about 70% of the Earth
* has salt water
* Organisms that live in the ocean are able to live in the salt water.
* sunlight, water pressure, and water movement affect the
organisms too
• because of these things, the ocean is divided into different
areas
• different organisms live in each area or level
* The water that is very deep has cold temperatures, high pressures, and is
very dark
• Many of the plants live near the top of the water
• they need the sunlight to help them grow and
make food
•Examples: Kelp, Algae, Sea grass
• Most marine organisms live near the top of the water or close to
land(Intertidal zone)
• Many animals dig down into the sand or hang on to rocks, so they do not
get lost in the sea
• Other larger animals live where the water is deep
barracuda
flashlight fish
star fish
green sea turtle
clown fish
killer whale
crab
shrimp
* Freshwater means it does not have _______________
in it
salt
*
Includes still water and moving water
* Examples of still water
* lakes and ponds
* Examples of moving water
* rivers and streams
* Many of the plants that live in freshwater have strong
roots to keep them in one place.
* Some plants grow around the edge of the lake or float
on the top of the water
cattail
water lily
carp
bass
mallards
trout
bull frog
* Estuary
* border between a freshwater biome and a marine
biome
* are a mixture of freshwater and salt water
* are salt marshes, lagoons, swamps, and mouths
of rivers that go into the ocean
* not very deep, so sunlight gets to all the
water
* have many fish and plants
Mountains—Colorado Rockies– as you go up in elevation
you have colder temps and less biotic factors.
You can experience a Deciduous forest, Taiga and Tundra
as you go up the mountain.