Transcript Weather 1
The daily conditions of the troposphere in terms of temperature, atmospheric pressure, wind, and moisture Sometimes weather maps have the weather variables recorded on weather station models. 8. 1.________________________ 2.________________________ 3.________________________ 4.________________________ 5.________________________ 6.________________________ 7.________________________ 8.________________________ The most effective tool to detect precipitation is radar. Radar, which stands for RAdio Detection And Ranging, has been utilized to detect precipitation, and especially thunderstorms, since the 1940's. Radar enhancements have enabled NWS forecasters to examine storms with more precision. The radar used by the National Weather Service is called the WSR-88D, which stands for Weather Surveillance Radar - 1988 Doppler (the prototype radar was built in 1988). As its name suggests, the WSR-88D is a Doppler radar, meaning it can detect motions toward or away from the radar as well as the location of precipitation areas. This ability to detect motion has greatly improved the meteorologists’ ability to peer inside thunderstorms and determine if there is rotation in the cloud, often a precursor to the development of tornadoes. There are 155 WSR-88D Doppler radar in the nation, including the U.S. Territory of Guam and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, operated by the National Weather Service and the Department of Defense. Base your answer on the temperature field map below. The map shows temperature readings (°C) recorded by students in a science classroom. The readings were taken at the same time at floor level. Temperature readings for points A and B are labeled on the map. 1. Draw the 18°C, 20°C, and 22°C isotherms 2. Find the temperature gradient between A and B? Base your answer on the weather map below, which shows temperature readings at weather stations in the continental United States. On the weather map provided on your answer paper, draw three isotherms: the 40°F isotherm, the 50°F isotherm, and the 60°F isotherm. But don’t worry... You have a HANDY DANDY ESRT! Cirrus Cirrostratus Cirrocumulus Altocumulus Altostratus STRATUS Nimbostratus Cumulus Cumulonimbus What the hail? Cloud Prefixes Nimbo- precipitation Cirro- very high-level clouds Alto-mid-level Stratus- low level the temperature to which a given parcel of air must be cooled, at constant barometric pressure, for water vapor to condense into water. The condensed water is called dew. The dewpoint is a saturation point. As altitude increases, temperature _________ Air temp = dewpoint 20-15= 5ºC Sling psychrometer The Dewpoint is 12ºC This means that the air must be cooled to 12ºC for condensation to occur. Molecules further apart= less vibration Temperature = average kinetic energy Remember? Molecules closer together= more vibration Temperature = average kinetic energy Density Air temperature http://www.harcourtschool.com/activity/science_up_close/610/deploy/610_HR_Clouds.swf https://courseware.e-education.psu.edu/public/meteo/meteo101demo/Examples/Section6p04.html • The amount of water vapor in the air. Relative humidity is the percent of water vapor in the air compared to how much the air can hold. • Metaphorically speaking, warmer air can “hold” more water vapor. • Dewpoint is a measure of how much water vapor is actually in the air. RH%= How humid the air FEELS Meteorologist’s view of how this is a very broad generalization: http://www.ems.psu.edu/~fraser/Bad/BadClouds.html 19 ºC https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OiejHVHrdOo Which weather station has the highest relative humidity? What is your evidence? B A