Transcript Weather - VJessome

Chapters 13-16
Weather: set of environmental conditions
encountered from day to day.
Ex: conditions now or very recently
Climate: set of environmental conditions
averaged over many years.
 Ex: conditions expected based on many
years of data
Sun’s energy strikes Earth’s land, hydrosphere, and
atmosphere, setting them into motion.
Hydrosphere: all of Earth’s water, in all its forms.
Heat sink: any object or material that absorbs energy
and becomes warmer. Oceans are major heat sinks.
Enough energy is reflected back to space to keep the
average temperature on Earth at 15 degrees Celsius.
Amount of energy reflected depends on the albedo
of the material.
(snow has a high albedo, dark soil has a low albedo)
All of these types of energy transfer contribute to
Earth’s weather:
a) radiation: waves of energy from the Sun
b) conduction: the collision of particles such as
rocks, sand, metals etc.
c) convection: vertical movement of particles in a
fluid such as water, or atmosphere
d) advection: horizontal movement of particles in a
fluid such as water or atmosphere.
a) Troposphere: closest to Earth’s surface;
responsible for our weather systems (where weather
happens)
b) Stratosphere: dry atmospheric layer that contains
the highest amounts of ozone
c) Mesosphere: middle layer of the atmosphere
d) Thermosphere: a.k.a. the ionosphere, because
charged ions produce Northern and Southern lights.
e) Exosphere: Where space begins because there are
very few atmospheric particles
Space
Tourism?
Instrument:
What it measures:
Thermometer
Temperature
Wind vane
Wind direction
Barometer
Air Pressure
Hygrometer
Humidity
Rain gauge
Precipitation (rainfall)
Anemometer
Wind speed
Material:
Period 1:
Period 2:
Food coloring
Jenn. A.
Sam
Bottles/Cans
Cody T.
Brittany, Rebecca
Balloons
Mack P.
Kayla
Tape
Cam W.
Destiny, Chris
Glue
Chris
Cardboard
Mr. J,
Mr. J., Brittany
Scissors, rulers, dimes,
pins, markers
Mr. J.
Mr. J.
Sand
Shana Lynn
Destiny
Styrofoam
Mike T.
Chris
Straws
Briar L.
Sam
Clay
Kat. W.
Cam
Hair
Jenn A.
Nicole, Chris
Nails
Crystal
Cam, Chris
Cups
Kendra
Kayla
 Page
507: 1, 3, 8, 10
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1. There is no atmosphere (fluid) in space for
those processes to happen.
3. Warm water rises because it is less dense than
cold water.
8. a) The temperature would drop very quickly
B) The temperature would rise slowly
10. Albedo would drop; more energy would be
absorbed and global climate would increase.
a) Convective clouds: air near the ground absorbs
energy from heated surfaces.
b) Frontal clouds: two large air masses of different
temperatures meet.
c) Orographic clouds: air moves up a mountainside.
Fog is a cloud that forms near the ground.
a) Cumulous clouds: tall and rounded in shape; are a
sign of unstable weather
b) Stratus clouds: flattened and layered in shape;
are a sign of stable weather conditions
A “Nimbus” cloud is a “rain-holding” cloud (darker)
a) Meteorology: study of atmosphere and weather.
b) Humidity: measure of amount of water vapor
in the atmosphere.
c) Heat Wave: more than 3 days at or above 32 C.
d) Wind Chill Factor: measure of the cooling effect
of the wind on a body. (What temp feels like with the
wind)
e) El Nino: a shift in the ocean currents,
temperatures and atmospheric conditions in the
tropical Pacific Ocean. (Water becomes warmer)
f) Greenhouse Gases: atmospheric gases that
trap solar energy in our atmosphere. (ex: CO2 and
methane etc)
g) Ozone: gas that absorbs UV radiation, makes up
the ozone layer, consists of 3 oxygen atoms.
h) UV index: a scale that tells us how much time in
the Sun would cause sunburn on a specific day.
i) Smog: a combination of smoke and fog.
j) Cloud Seeding: the process of adding tiny
particles of silver iodide or dry ice to clouds in order
to control the formation of rain droplets and ice
crystals.
k) Precipitation: water that reaches the ground in
either liquid or solid form.
l) Atmospheric pressure: pressure that air exerts as
gravity pulls it towards the center of the Earth.
Atmospheric pressure at sea level is 1 atmosphere.
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Albedo
Climate
Heat sink
Troposphere
Stratosphere
Mesosphere
Exosphere
Hydrosphere
Frontal clouds
Orographic
clouds
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Cumulous
clouds
Stratus clouds
Meteorology
Humidity
Heat Wave
Wind Chill
Factor
Greenhouse
gases
Ozone
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Smog
Cloud Seeding
Radiation
Conduction
Convection
Advection
Atmospheric
pressure
Precipitation
El Nino
UV index
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Albedo
Heat sink
Troposphere
Exosphere
Frontal clouds
Orographic
clouds
Cumulous
clouds
Stratus clouds
Heat Wave
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Wind Chill Factor
Greenhouse
gases
Smog
Cloud Seeding
Precipitation
UV index
Meteorologist
Weather satellite
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Weather balloon
Tornado
Flood
Blizzard
Tundra
Thermometer
Wind vane
Rain gauge
Anemometer
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Storm Chasers Part 1
Storm Chasers Part 2
Storm Chasers Part 3
Part 4
Part 5
Group #:
Members:
1
Conner, Cam, Ryan,
Jordan
Sarina, Kendra, Keven,
Jonhatan
Drew, Kat B., Kat. T.,
Brandon
2
3
4
Jennifer, Zack, Doug
5
Mack, Mathew, Cody,
Emily
Shana-Lynn, Mike, Briar,
Charlotte
6
Group #:
Members:
1
Nicole, Brei
2
Samantha,
3
Brandon, Chris, Nadia,
Katelyn
Braelyn, Brittany M.,
Felicity, Alicia
Micaela, Madison,
Rebecca
Destiny, Kendra
4
5
6
7
Kayla, Cameron, Brittany
G., Adina