Transcript 5th Grade Earth Science

5th Grade Earth Science
Lesson 1
Water Cycle
5th Grade Earth Science lesson 1
Big Idea
• Water on Earth moves between the oceans and
land through the processes of evaporation and
condensation.
• Most of Earth’s water is present as salt water in
the oceans, which cover most of Earth’s
surface.
• When liquid water evaporates, it turns into
water vapor in the air and can reappear as a
liquid when cooled or as a solid if cooled below
the freezing point of water.
• Water vapor in the air moves from one place to
another and can form fog or clouds, which are
tiny droplets of water or ice, and can fall to
Earth as rain, hail, sleet, or snow.
5th Grade Earth Science lesson 1
evaporation
when a liquid turns into gas
5th Grade Earth Science lesson 1
condensation
When water “sweats” or the process by
which a gas changes into a liquid. Clouds
and fog are formed by condensation.
5th Grade Earth Science lesson 1
water vapor
when water turns (evaporates)
5th Grade Earth Science lesson 1
into a gas.
Precipitation
water that falls from clouds to Earth
Precipitation can be solid like snow or
liquid like rain.
5th Grade Earth Science lesson 1
5th Grade Earth Science
Lesson 2
Fresh Water Resources
Big Idea
• The amount of fresh water located in
rivers, lakes, underground sources,
and glaciers is limited and that its
availability can be extended by
recycling and decreasing the use of
water.
• Students know the origin of the water
is used by their local communities.
5th Grade Earth Science lesson 2
Recycle
to use again
5th Grade Earth Science lesson 2
Conservation
preserving and protecting a resource
(water, land, ocean, rivers, lakes,
mountains)
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Reservoir
water stored for future use
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groundwater
water that is in soil and rocks
below Earth’s surface
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aquifer
a rock layer that can store a lot of
water
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drought
long periods with little rain
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5th Grade Earth Science
Lesson 3
Air Movements
The Big Idea
Energy from the Sun heats Earth unevenly,
causing air movements that result in
changing weather patterns.
• The uneven heating of Earth causes air
movements (convection currents).
• The ocean has influence on the weather and
the role that the water cycle plays in
weather patterns.
•
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convection current
when air moves up and down in the
atmosphere
5th Grade Earth Science lesson 3
water cycle
the constant movement from the
ground (Earth’s surface) to the
atmosphere and back again to the
ground (Earth’s surface).
5th Grade Earth Science lesson 3
climate
The weather conditions such as:
• Temperature
• Air pressure
• Humidity
• Precipitation
• Sunshine
• Cloudiness
• Winds
throughout the year.
5th Grade Earth Science lesson 3
5th Grade Earth Science
Lesson 4 Air Pressure
The Big Idea
• The Earth’s atmosphere exerts a
pressure that decreases with
distance above Earth’s surface
and that at any point it exerts this
pressure equally in all directions.
air pressure
the weight of air in the atmosphere
pressing down equally and evenly
in all directions
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atmospheric pressure
the weight of air in the
atmosphere, the higher you go
into the atmosphere the less air
weight there is above you
5th Grade Earth Science lesson 4
5th Grade Earth Science
Lesson 5
Air Masses and Fronts
The Big Idea
• Students will know the causes and effects
of different types of severe weather.
• Students will learn how to use weather
maps and data to predict local weather and
know that weather forecasts depend on
many variables.
severe weather
really, really, really
bad weather
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fronts
a place where two air masses meet
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air mass
a large body of air that has similar
temperature throughout
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forecast
predictions of future weather
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meteorologist
a scientist who studies weather
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Earth Science
Lesson 6
The Big Idea
• The solar system consists of planets and other
bodies that orbit the Sun in predictable paths.
• The Sun, an average star, is the central and
largest body in the solar system and is
composed primarily of hydrogen and helium.
• The solar system includes the planet Earth, the
Moon, the Sun, eight other planets and their
satellites, and smaller objects, such as asteroids
and comets.
• The path of a planet around the Sun is due to the
gravitational attraction between the Sun and the
planet.
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planet
a body that revolves around a star
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asteroid
a piece of rock and metal that orbits
the sun
5th Grade Earth Science lesson 6
comet
a ball of ice, rock, and frozen gases
that orbits the sun
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gravity
attraction that pulls objects toward
earth
5th Grade Earth Science lesson 6
gravitational force
Gravitational force causes a pull
between the mass of a planet and the
mass of the sun. It makes the planet
orbit around the sun.
5th Grade Earth Science lesson 6
orbit
the path that a body follows as it
revolves around another body
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inertia
a force that keeps objects moving in a
straight line unless they are pushed or pulled
by another force
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satellites
a body that revolves around a
planet
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astronomical unit
a unit of length, equal to the mean distance
of the earth from the sun: approximately 93
million miles
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star
a huge ball of very hot gases (sun)
5th Grade Earth Science lesson 6
moon
any natural body that revolves
around a planet
5th Grade Earth Science lesson 6
meteoroids
any of the small bodies, often pieces of
comets, traveling through space: when
such a body enters the earth's atmosphere
it is heated to luminosity (light) and
becomes a meteor
5th Grade Earth Science lesson 6
meteors
pieces of rock that travel through
space
5th Grade Earth Science lesson 6
telescope
a tool used to study parts of the
universe not visible to the human
eye
5th Grade Earth Science lesson 6